Protein Information

Name brains
Synonyms BPG dependent PGAM 1; Brain; CDABP0006; PGAM 1; PGAM B; PGAM1; PGAM1 protein; PGAMA…

Compound Information

Name lindane
CAS (1α,2α,3β,4α,5α,6β)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9600388 Brannen KC, Devaud LL, Liu J, Lauder JM: Prenatal exposure to neurotoxicants dieldrin or lindane alters tert-butylbicyclophosphorothionate binding to GABA (A) receptors in fetal rat brainstem. Dev Neurosci. 1998;20(1):34-41.

Effects of daily prenatal exposure to organochlorine insecticide (dieldrin or lindane) or bicuculline from embryonic day (E) 12-17 were determined in brains of E17 fetal rats using t-[35S] butyl-bicyclophosphorothionate ([35S] TBPS) binding.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
18695515 Mao H, Liu B: Synergistic microglial reactive oxygen species generation induced by pesticides lindane and dieldrin. Neuroreport. 2008 Aug 27;19(13):1317-20.

We report here that lindane and dieldrin, two widely present OCPs that are found enriched in the nigra of postmortem Parkinson's disease brains synergistically induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in microglia.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
1701514 Serrano MT, Vendrell M, Rivera S, Serratosa J, Rodriguez-Farre E: Effect of lindane on the myelination process in the rat. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Nov-Dec;12(6):577-83.

Furthermore, the immunohistochemical study of brains by means of a MBP (myelin basic protein) specific antibody reveals myelin deficits in some brain regions after lindane treatment.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
7517654 Fleming L, Mann JB, Bean J, Briggle T, Sanchez-Ramos JR: Parkinson's disease and brain levels of organochlorine pesticides. Ann Neurol. 1994 Jul;36(1):100-3.


Dieldrin was detected in 6 of 20 PD brains, 1 of 7 AD, and in none of 14 control samples.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1702501 Martinez E, de Vera N, Artigas F: Differential response of rat brain polyamines to convulsant agents. Life Sci. 1991;48(1):77-84.

Kainic acid (10 mg/kg), picrotoxinin (1.5 mg/kg), pentylenetetrazol (60 mg/kg) and lindane (gamma-hexachlorocyclohexane) (60 mg/kg) were given to male Wistar rats.
Twenty-four hours later, the animals were sacrificed and their brains removed.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11329709 Ulrich EM, Willett KL, Caperell-Grant A, Bigsby RM, Hites RA: Understanding enantioselective processes: a laboratory rat model for alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane accumulation. Environ Sci Technol. 2001 Apr 15;35(8):1604-9.


Since cyclodextrin gas chromatography columns became popular for chiral separations, many researchers have noticed high enantiomeric ratios [ER: (+)-enantiomer/(-)-enantiomer] for alpha-HCH in the brains of wildlife.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19597089 Richardson JR, Shalat SL, Buckley B, Winnik B, O'Suilleabhain P, Diaz-Arrastia R, Reisch J, German DC: Elevated serum pesticide levels and risk of Parkinson disease. . Arch Neurol. 2009 Jul;66(7):870-5.


Three studies have found elevated levels of organochlorine pesticides in postmortem PD brains.
1(0,0,0,1) Details