Protein Information

Name sulfotransferase
Synonyms SULT; sulfotransferase

Compound Information

Name 1-naphthol
CAS 1-naphthalenol

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
1676661 Manning BW, Franklin MR, Galinsky RE: Drug metabolizing enzyme changes after chronic buthionine sulfoximine exposure modify acetaminophen disposition in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1991 Mar-Apr;19(2):498-502.


BSO treatment increased microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward three xenobiotic aglycones, p-nitrophenol, 1-naphthol, and morphine by 308, 61, and 66%, respectively (p less than 0.05), but not toward testosterone or estrone.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
8363642 Franklin MR: Induction of rat liver drug-metabolizing enzymes by heterocycle-containing mono-, di-, tri- and tetra-arylmethanes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Aug 17;46(4):683-9.


UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (1-naphthol) activity was coinduced by these two compounds.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
15684482 Okamura S, Suzuki K, Yanase M, Koizumi M, Tamura HO: The effects of coffee on conjugation reactions in human colon carcinoma cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Feb;28(2):271-4.


After supplementing Caco-2 cultures with both 1-naphthol (200 microM) and various concentrations of coffee, the accumulation of 1-naphthyl sulfate and glucuronide in the growth medium was determined by analytical HPLC over a 24-h period.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
10670822 Bostrom M, Becedas L, DePierre JW: Conjugation of 1-naphthol in primary cell cultures of rat ovarian cells. Chem Biol Interact. 2000 Jan 15;124(2):103-18.

The present findings demonstrate that P-UGT is by far the major enzyme conjugating 1-naphthol in the rat ovary and that commonly used inhibitors of P-SULT and CYPs also inhibit P-UGT activity, either directly or via other mechanisms.
112(1,2,2,2) Details
3079828 Hjelle JT, Hazelton GA, Klaassen CD, Hjelle JJ: Glucuronidation and sulfation in rabbit kidney. . J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1986 Jan;236(1):150-6.

UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase and sulfotransferase activities directed toward 1-naphthol were highest in proximal tubules (2.86 +/- 0.13 nmol and 133 +/- 13.1 pmol product formed/min/mg protein, respectively) compared to outer stripe (45% and 64% of proximal tubule activity, respectively) and cortex (61% and 45%, respectively).
33(0,1,1,3) Details
1582375 Jones AL, Hume R, Bamforth KJ, Coughtrie MW: Estrogen and phenol sulfotransferase activities in human fetal lung. . Early Hum Dev. 1992 Jan;28(1):65-77.

Investigation of the thermostability and inhibition by 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol (DCNP) of the 1-naphthol and estrone sulfotransferase (ST) activities revealed that the estrone ST activity was more thermolabile and more readily inhibited by DCNP than was the 1-naphthol ST activity.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
15100179 Sheng JJ, Saxena A, Duffel MW: Influence of phenylalanines 77 and 138 on the stereospecificity of aryl sulfotransferase IV. Drug Metab Dispos. 2004 May;32(5):559-65.

Kinetic studies on the sulfation of the enantiomers of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthol indicated that the stereospecificity of the sulfotransferase was altered by the substitutions of alanine for either Phe77 or Phe138, but stereospecificity was maintained by alanine substitution at Tyr236.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
14508638 Birkner S, Weber S, Dohle A, Schmahl G, Bolt HM, Follmann W: Activities of drug metabolizing enzymes in bovine colon epithelial cell cultures. Arch Toxicol. 2003 Nov;77(11):621-9. Epub 2003 Sep 24.

Whereas activity of amino sulfotransferase (substrate 2-naphthylamine) decreased continuously during the entire culture period, the activity of phenol sulfotransferase (substrate 1-naphthol) decreased only slowly.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
2067545 McMillan JM, Shaddock JG, Casciano DA, Arlotto MP, Leakey JE: Differential stability of drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in primary rat hepatocytes, cultured in the absence or presence of dexamethasone. Mutat Res. 1991 Jul;249(1):81-92.

DEX treatment also significantly accelerated the decreases in glutathione-S-transferase activities and in sulfotransferase activities towards 1-naphthol and estrone.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
12419836 Teubner W, Meinl W, Glatt H: Stable expression of rat sulfotransferase 1B1 in V79 cells: activation of benzylic alcohols to mutagens. Carcinogenesis. 2002 Nov;23(11):1877-84.

Sulfotransferase activity towards 1-naphthol was 1020 +/- 220 pmol/min/mg cytosolic protein in V79-rSULT1B1-A cells and 57 +/- 9 pmol/ min/mg in V79-rSULT1B1-B cells.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
16806523 Martin-Skilton R, Coughtrie MW, Porte C: Sulfotransferase activities towards xenobiotics and estradiol in two marine fish species (Mullus barbatus and Lepidorhombus boscii): characterization and inhibition by endocrine disrupters. Aquat Toxicol. 2006 Aug 12;79(1):24-30. Epub 2006 May 10.

Among the tested compounds, 1-naphthol was the most effective substrate for sulfation, with Vmax/Km ratios several hundred-fold higher than the other substrates examined.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
9463486 Wang J, Falany JL, Falany CN: Expression and characterization of a novel thyroid hormone-sulfating form of cytosolic sulfotransferase from human liver. Mol Pharmacol. 1998 Feb;53(2):274-82.

Expressed hST1B2 sulfates small phenols such as 1-naphthol and p-nitrophenol and thyroid hormones, including 3,3'-diiodothyronine, triiodothyronine, reverse triiodothyronine, and thyroxine.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
1863522 Rao SI, Duffel MW: Benzylic alcohols as stereospecific substrates and inhibitors for aryl sulfotransferase. Chirality. 1991;3(2):104-11.

Since the benzylic carbon bearing the hydroxyl group can be asymmetric, the possibility of stereochemical control of substrate specificity of the sulfotransferase was investigated with benzylic alcohols.
In the case of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthol, only the (-)-(R)-enantiomer was a substrate for the enzyme.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18928301 Tyapochkin E, Cook PF, Chen G: Isotope exchange at equilibrium indicates a steady state ordered kinetic mechanism for human sulfotransferase. Biochemistry. 2008 Nov 11;47(45):11894-9. Epub 2008 Oct 18.

The SULT1A1-catalyzed reaction was brought to equilibrium by varying substrate (1-naphthol) and PAPS initial concentrations.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1397064 Bamforth KJ, Dalgliesh K, Coughtrie MW: Inhibition of human liver steroid sulfotransferase activities by drugs: a novel mechanism of drug toxicity?. Eur J Pharmacol. 1992 May 1;228(1):15-21.

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and estrone sulfotransferase activities were strongly inhibited by a number of compounds, with IC50 values ranging between 440 pM and 147 microM.
The xenobiotic substrate 1-naphthol was refractory to substantial inhibition, with the exception of clomiphene.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2243343 Galinsky RE, Johnson DH, Kane RE, Franklin MR: Effect of aging on hepatic biotransformation in female Fischer 344 rats: changes in sulfotransferase activities are consistent with known gender-related changes in pituitary growth hormone secretion in aging animals. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Nov;255(2):577-83.

UDP glucuronosyltransferase activity toward 1-naphthol, morphine and testosterone was unaffected by advanced age, whereas there was a significant correlation between increased age and increased UDP glucuronosyltransferase activity toward estrone.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7749597 Watkins JB 3rd, LaFollette JW, Sanders RA: Biotransformation in Egyptian spiny mouse Acomys cahirinus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1995 Jan;110(1):101-7.

Sulfotransferase activity was high in kidney and intestine of female spiny mice but undetectable in the same tissues in males.
UDP-Glucuronosyltransferase activity toward 1-naphthol in both sexes in the kidney was significantly higher than hepatic and intestinal activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19053852 Saruwatari A, Okamura S, Nakajima Y, Narukawa Y, Takeda T, Tamura H: Pomegranate juice inhibits sulfoconjugation in Caco-2 human colon carcinoma cells. J Med Food. 2008 Dec;11(4):623-8.

These results indicate that the inhibition of sulfotransferase activity by punicalagin in Caco-2 cells is responsible for the reductions seen in 1-naphthyl sulfate accumulation.
Among several fruit juices tested (apple, peach, orange, pineapple, grapefruit, and pomegranate), pomegranate juice potently inhibited the sulfoconjugation of 1-naphthol in Caco-2 cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8869819 Liu L, Klaassen CD: Regulation of hepatic sulfotransferases by steroidal chemicals in rats. Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Aug;24(8):854-8.

Pregnenolone-16 alpha-carbonitrile (PCN) has previously been shown to increase sulfotransferase (ST) activity in rats.
PCN (75 mg/kg daily for 4 days) increased liver phenol ST activity toward 1-naphthol and estrone, and hydroxysteroid ST activities toward dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and bile acids; but, PCN had no effects on ST activities toward dopamine and N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene (N-OH-2AAF).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2714162 Kane RE, Lamott J, Franklin MR, Galinsky RE: Perinatal cimetidine exposure has no apparent effect on hepatic drug oxidative or conjugative activity in adult male rat offspring. Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1989;12(2):96-105.

Early cimetidine exposure did not alter hepatic oxidative (cytochrome P-450 content or monooxygenase activity) or conjugative (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity towards testosterone, morphine, 1-naphthol, estrone, or sulfotransferase activity towards acetaminophen or glycolithocholate) capacities in mature males.
Two sulfotransferase isoenzyme activities (acetaminophen sulfotransferase 2 and bile salt sulfotransferase I) previously shown to be regulated by gonadal hormones were also unchanged.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16819192 Naganuma M, Saruwatari A, Okamura S, Tamura H: Turmeric and curcumin modulate the conjugation of 1-naphthol in Caco-2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2006 Jul;29(7):1476-9.

In addition, turmeric was found to strongly inhibit in vitro phenol sulfotransferase (SULT) activity and demonstrate moderate inhibitory properties against UDP-glucuronosyl transferase (UGT) activity in Caco-2 cells (IC (50)=0.17 mg/ml and 0.62 mg/ml, respectively).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1905411 Yang CM, Carlson GP: Glucuronidation and sulfation in subcellular fractions and in the isolated perfused rabbit lung: influence of ethanol. Pharmacology. 1991;42(1):28-35.

Glucuronidation and sulfation of 1-naphthol, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-nitrocatechol and phenolphthalein were studied in rabbit lung and liver.
Pulmonary UDP-glucuronyltransferase and sulfotransferase activities in subcellular fractions were approximately 20-50% of those determined in the liver.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18725199 Takahashi S, Sakakibara Y, Mishiro E, Kouriki H, Nobe R, Kurogi K, Yasuda S, Liu MC, Suiko M: Molecular cloning, expression, and characterization of mouse amine N-sulfotransferases. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 Oct 31;375(4):531-5. Epub 2008 Aug 24.

By searching the GenBank database, we recently identified a novel mouse cytosolic sulfotransferase (SULT) cDNA (IMAGE Clone ID 679629) and a novel mouse SULT gene (LOC 215895).
Kinetic constants of the sulfation of 1-naphthylamine and 1-naphthol by these two enzymes were determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9321525 Oddy EA, Manchee GR, Freeman NM, Ward MA, Coughtrie MW: Purification and characterization of a canine liver phenol sulfotransferase. Drug Metab Dispos. 1997 Oct;25(10):1205-10.

Sulfation is an important pathway for metabolism of xenobiotics and potent endogenous compounds and is catalyzed by members of the sulfotransferase enzyme family.
We have purified a phenol sulfotransferase from male dog liver cytosol which sulfates simple phenolic compounds such as 1-naphthol and 4-nitrophenol.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6959650 Borchardt RT, Schasteen CS: Phenol sulfotransferase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Nov 19;708(3):272-9.

A phenol sulfotransferase (3-phosphoadenylylsulfate:phenol sulfotransferase, EC 2.8.2.1) has been purified from rat liver using an affinity chromatography system consisting of a p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid-agarose conjugate.
The enzyme readily sulfates p-nitrophenol, 2-naphthol, 1-naphthol, and salicylamide, as well as naturally occurring catecholamines.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7874051 Kim DH, Kim B, Kim HS, Sohng IS, Kobashi K: Sulfation of parabens and tyrosylpeptides by bacterial arylsulfate sulfotransferases. Biol Pharm Bull. 1994 Oct;17(10):1326-8.


Arylsulfate sulfotransferase purified from Eubacterium A-44 has higher specific activity than the enzymes from Klebsiella K-36 and Haemophilus K-12.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12524029 Sivapathasundaram S, Sauer MJ, Ioannides C: Xenobiotic conjugation systems in deer compared with cattle and rat. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2003 Jan;134(1):169-73.


Cytosolic sulfotransferase activity, monitored using 2-naphthol as substrate, was higher in cattle compared with the rat.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2125759 Manning BW, Franklin MR: Induction of rat UDP-glucuronosyltransferase and glutathione S-transferase activities by L-buthionine-S,R-sulfoximine without induction of cytochrome P-450. Toxicology. 1990 Dec 17;65(1-2):149-59.


Exposure to 30 mM BSO in drinking water for 7 days induced hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity (detergent-activated) toward p-nitrophenol (250%), 1-naphthol (210%), morphine (130%) and testosterone (140%), but not estrone.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
8654197 Sastry SG, Sanders RA, Veltman JC, Watkins JB 3rd: Minimal effects of two aldose reductase inhibitors, AL-1576 and AL-4114, after subacute topical-ocular dosing on xenobiotic biotransformation in rabbits. Drug Metab Dispos. 1995 Oct;23(10):1094-8.


Activities of 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene glutathione S-transferase, 2-naphthol sulfotransferase, and 1-naphthol UDP-glucuronosyltransferase were not significantly induced in the eight tissues.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
1949033 Franklin MR: Drug metabolizing enzyme induction by simple diaryl pyridines; 2-substituted isomers selectively increase only conjugation enzyme activities, 4-substituted isomers also induce cytochrome P450. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;111(1):24-32.


All five 2-substituted pyridines investigated increased rat hepatic UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activities toward three aglycones (morphine, p-nitrophenol, and 1-naphthol) without inducing cytochrome P450.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
1521595 Galinsky RE, Manning BW, Kimura RE, Franklin MR: Changes in conjugative enzyme activity and acetaminophen metabolism in young and senescent male F-344 rats following prolonged exposure to buthionine sulfoximine. Exp Gerontol. 1992;27(2):221-32.


BSO treatment increased the partial clearance to acetaminophen glucuronide by 90% and 41% in young and old rats, respectively, and similarly, induced p-nitrophenol and 1-naphthol UDP-glucuronosyl transferase activities to a greater extent in young versus senescent animals.
0(0,0,0,0) Details