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Kozikowski AP, Eaton JB, Bajjuri KM, Chellappan SK, Chen Y, Karadi S, He R, Caldarone B, Manzano M, Yuen PW, Lukas RJ: Chemistry and pharmacology of nicotinic ligands based on 6-[5-(azetidin-2-ylmethoxy) pyridin-3-yl] hex-5-yn-1-ol (AMOP-H-OH) for possible use in depression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2009 Oct 1;78(7):756-65. Epub 2009 Jun 18.
AMOP-H-OH (sazetidine-A; 6-[5-(azetidin-2-ylmethoxy) pyridin-3-yl] hex-5-yn-1-ol) and some sulfur-bearing analogues were tested for their activities in vitro against human alpha4beta2-, alpha4beta4-, alpha3beta4*- and alpha1*-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). AMOP-H-OH was also assessed in an antidepressant efficacy model. AMOP-H-OH and some of its analogues have high potency and selectivity for alpha4beta2-nAChRs over other nAChR subtypes. Effects are manifested as partial agonism, perhaps reflecting selectivity for high sensitivity (alpha4)(3)(beta2)(2)-nAChRs. More prolonged exposure to AMOP-H-OH and its analogues produces inhibition of subsequent responses to acute challenges with full nicotinic agonists, again selectively for alpha4beta2-nAChRs over other nAChR subtypes. The inhibition is mediated either via antagonism or desensitization of nAChR function, but the degree of inhibition of alpha4beta2-nAChRs is limited by the partial agonist activity of the drugs. Certain aspects of the in vitro pharmacology suggest that AMOP-H-OH and some of its analogues have a set of binding sites on alpha4beta2-nAChRs that are distinct from those for full agonists. The in vitro pharmacological profile suggests that peripheral side effects of AMOP-H-OH or its analogues would be minimal and that their behavioral effects would be dominated by central nAChR actions. AMOP-H-OH also has profound and high potency antidepressant-like effects in the forced swim test. The net action of prolonged exposure to AMOP-H-OH or its analogues, as for nicotine, seems to be a selective decrease in alpha4beta2-nAChR function. Inactivation of nAChRs may be a common neurochemical endpoint for nicotine dependence, its treatment, and some of its manifestations, including relief from depression. |
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