| Name | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Cachectin; DIF; TNF; TNF alpha; TNF a; TNFA; TNFSF 2; TNFSF2… |
| Name | benzalkonium chloride |
|---|---|
| CAS | quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18982486 | Song K, Kim KM, Kim J, Ko G, Sohn DH: Effect of ion pairing on the cellular transport of antisense oligonucleotide. Arch Pharm Res. 1997 Oct;20(5):438-42. Antisense-TGFbeta (25 mer) and antisense-TNFalpha (18 mer) were used to study the cellular transport and biological function of antisense oligonucleotide in vitro. Poly-L- benzalkonium chloride and tetraphenylphosphonium were used as polycations, which neutralize the negative charge of antisense oligonucleotide. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 8409522 | Schwarz A, Krone C, Trautinger F, Aragane Y, Neuner P, Luger TA, Schwarz T: Pentoxifylline suppresses irritant and contact hypersensitivity reactions. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Oct;101(4):549-52. Recently, tumor necrosis factor alpha has been shown to be a critical mediator in hapten-induced irritant and contact hypersensitivity reactions, thus offering new possibilities, for therapeutic intervention. In addition, irritant dermatitis induced by 1% croton oil or 5% benzalkonium chloride was suppressed by pentoxifylline as well. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10752629 | Allen MH, Wakelin SH, Holloway D, Lisby S, Baadsgaard O, Barker JN, McFadden JP: Association of TNFA gene polymorphism at position -308 with susceptibility to irritant contact dermatitis. Immunogenetics. 2000 Mar;51(3):201-5. Volunteers (n=221) tested with (SDS) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) were divided into responders and nonresponders and high and low irritant-threshold groups. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11886532 | Corsini E, Viviani B, Marinovich M, Galli CL: Cyclosporin A exacerbates skin irritation induced by tributyltin by increasing nuclear factor kappa B activation. J Invest Dermatol. 2001 Dec;117(6):1627-34. We previously demonstrated the involvement of interleukin-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor alpha in tributyltin-induced skin irritation. On the other hand, under the same experimental conditions, cyclosporine A prevented the elicitation phase of oxazolone-induced contact allergy, but was ineffective in preventing benzalkonium-chloride-induced skin irritation. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19857103 | Epstein SP, Chen D, Asbell PA: Evaluation of biomarkers of inflammation in response to benzalkonium chloride on corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;25(5):415-24. RESULTS: BAK induced significant amounts of interleukin (IL-) 1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but only moderate amounts of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL- 10 and 12, and H (2) O (2). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9394834 | Aiba S, Terunuma A, Manome H, Tagami H: Dendritic cells differently respond to haptens and irritants by their production of cytokines and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Eur J Immunol. 1997 Nov;27(11):3031-8. In spite of the augmented CD86 expression on DC treated with DNCB or NiCl2, these chemicals induced different responses of DC in their expression of CD54 and HLA-DR and the production of IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. After we confirmed that monocyte-derived DC showed at least phenotypic characteristics and a response to TNF-alpha similar to LC, we added various chemicals, i.e., dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), NiCl2, ZnCl2, (SDS), or benzalkonium chloride (BC), to a culture of purified monocyte-derived CD1a+ DC. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12603851 | Aiba S, Manome H, Nakagawa S, Mollah ZU, Mizuashi M, Ohtani T, Yoshino Y, Tagami H: p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases play distinct roles in the activation of dendritic cells by two representative haptens, NiCl2 and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Mar;120(3):390-9. In contrast, primary irritants, e.g., benzalkonium chloride, or did not activate these signal transduction pathways. By using specific inhibitors for extracellular signal-regulated kinases and p38 pathways, PD98059 and SB203580, respectively, we demonstrated that the augmentation of CD86, HLA-DR, and CD83, and the production of interleukin-8 along with its increased mRNA expression by monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, and the augmentation of CD83 and the interleukin-12 p40 production by monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with NiCl2, were suppressed by SB203580, whereas PD98059 suppressed the production of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, together with their increased mRNA expression by monocyte-derived dendritic cells treated with NiCl2. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15980234 | Guenoun JM, Baudouin C, Rat P, Pauly A, Warnet JM, Brignole-Baudouin F: In vitro study of inflammatory potential and toxicity profile of latanoprost, travoprost, and bimatoprost in conjunctiva-derived epithelial cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jul;46(7):2444-50. METHODS: Conjunctiva-derived cells were treated in vitro with the commercial solutions of latanoprost, travoprost, bimatoprost, prostaglandin (PG) F2alpha, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and different concentrations of benzalkonium chloride (BAC). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8006454 | Wilmer JL, Burleson FG, Kayama F, Kanno J, Luster MI: Cytokine induction in human epidermal keratinocytes exposed to contact irritants and its relation to chemical-induced inflammation in mouse skin. J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Jun;102(6):915-22. In response to exogenous stimuli such as phorbol-12- 13- ultraviolet B radiation, and lipopolysaccharide, human keratinocytes produce soluble mediators that are important in primary contact irritancy including cytokines that are associated with proinflammatory properties (interleukin-1 alpha [IL-1 alpha], tumor necrosis factor alpha), chemotaxis (IL-8), and growth activation (granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor, IL-6, transforming growth factor alpha). We examined qualitative and quantitative changes in selected intracellular and secreted cytokines in human keratinocyte cultures in response to non-sensitizing contact irritants (croton oil, methyl ethyl sensitizing irritants (oxazolone, dinitrofluorobenzene), and ulcerative agents benzalkonium chloride, trioxide). |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 9249285 | Holliday MR, Corsini E, Smith S, Basketter DA, Dearman RJ, Kimber I: Differential induction of cutaneous TNF-alpha and IL-6 by topically applied chemicals. Am J Contact Dermat. 1997 Sep;8(3):158-64. OBJECTIVE: The present investigation compared the ability of the skin allergens oxazolone and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and the skin irritant benzalkonium chloride (BZC) to stimulate the cutaneous expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in mice. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |