Protein Information

Name GTPase
Synonyms RAC3; RAC3; Ras related C3 botulinum substrate 3; Ras related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3; p21 Rac3; Ras related C3 botulinum substrate 3s; Ras related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3s; p21 Rac3s…

Compound Information

Name benzalkonium chloride
CAS quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
11129100 Odagaki Y, Nishi N, Koyama T: Functional coupling of GABA (B) receptors with G proteins that are sensitive to N-ethylmaleimide treatment, suramin, and benzalkonium chloride in rat cerebral cortical membranes. J Neural Transm. 2000;107(10):1101-16.

The GABA (B) receptor-mediated high-affinity GTPase activity was also completely eliminated by 100 microM suramin and by 100 microM benzalkonium chloride.
33(0,1,1,3) Details
9448721 Zorko M, Pooga M, Saar K, Rezaei K, Langel U: Differential regulation of GTPase activity by mastoparan and galparan. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Jan 15;349(2):321-8.

Mastoparan reversed the effect of galparan in a fully competitive manner while benzalkonium chloride did not prevent the inhibition of GTPase activity by galparan.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
1701214 Bueb JL, Mousli M, Bronner C, Rouot B, Landry Y: Activation of Gi-like proteins, a receptor-independent effect of kinins in mast cells. Mol Pharmacol. 1990 Dec;38(6):816-22.

These peptides also activate the GTPase activity of GTP-binding proteins (G proteins) (Go/Gi) purified from calf brain, with an order of potency identical to that observed on mast cells, [Thi5,8,D-Phe7]-bradykinin much greater than kallidin greater than bradykinin greater than D-Arg0-[Hyp3,D-Phe7]-bradykinin greater than [des-Arg9]-bradykinin greater than [des-Arg9,Leu8]-bradykinin greater than bradykinin-(1-5).
The inhibitory effect of benzalkonium chloride showed that the G proteins involved belong to the Gi type.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8471631 Fischer T, Bronner C, Landry Y, Mousli M: The mechanism of inhibition of alkylamines on the mast-cell peptidergic pathway. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Apr 16;1176(3):305-12.

BAC (C approximately 12) and TAB (C14) inhibited the mastoparan-stimulated GTPase activity from mast-cell Gi-like proteins.
Histamine release induced by GTP gamma S and by mastoparan (a venom peptide activating G proteins) was inhibited by pretreating mast cells with 0.1 to 3 micrograms/ml of a mixture of benzalkonium chloride containing in majority a twelve-carbon-atom aliphatic chain (BAC (C approximately 12)).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7540143 Mousli M, Trifilieff A, Pelton JT, Gies JP, Landry Y: Structural requirements for neuropeptide Y in mast cell and G protein activation. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Mar 15;289(1):125-33.

The histamine releasing effects of neuropeptide Y related peptides were greatly inhibited by pretreatment of rat mast cells with pertussis toxin or benzalkonium chloride.
Neuropeptide Y and C-terminal related peptides also stimulated the GTPase activity of purified heterotrimeric G proteins in a dose-dependent manner from 1 to 50 microM.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7686903 Vitale N, Mukai H, Rouot B, Thierse D, Aunis D, Bader MF: Exocytosis in chromaffin cells. J Biol Chem. 1993 Jul 15;268(20):14715-23.

The substance P-related peptide, GPAnt-2, known to antagonize the effects of mastoparan on G (o), blocked both the inhibitory effect of mastoparan on secretion and the mastoparan-stimulated GTPase activity in chromaffin granule membranes.
Consistent with this finding, two other known activators of heterotrimeric G proteins, aluminum fluoride and benzalkonium chloride, inhibited calcium-evoked catecholamine secretion in streptolysin O-permeabilized chromaffin cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2117607 Higashijima T, Burnier J, Ross EM: Regulation of Gi and Go by mastoparan, related amphiphilic peptides, and hydrophobic amines. J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 25;265(24):14176-86.

The membrane-bound alpha-helical conformation of MP appeared to be the activating species. 3) MP blocked the ability of Go to increase the affinity of muscarinic receptors for agonist ligands, suggesting that MP and the receptor may compete for a common binding site on Go. 4) MP stimulated steady state GTPase activity at less than 1 microM Mg2+ and stimulated the dissociation of both GDP and guanosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate) at less than 1 nM Mg2+.
Several natural amphiphilic peptides also displayed modest stimulatory activity. 6) Benzalkonium chloride competitively antagonized the stimulation of Gi by MP but potently stimulated nucleotide exchange on Go.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1372167 Bueb JL, Da Silva A, Mousli M, Landry Y: Natural polyamines stimulate G-proteins. . Biochem J. 1992 Mar 1;282 ( Pt 2):545-50.

The natural polyamines spermine and spermidine, the biosynthetic precursor putrescine and their analogues cadaverine and tyramine stimulate the GTPase activity of purified GTP-binding proteins (Go/Gi) from calf brain reconstituted into phospholipid vesicles.
The activation of rat mast cells by polyamines was inhibited by benzalkonium chloride or by a 2 h pretreatment of the cells with pertussis toxin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1373170 Mousli M, Hugli TE, Landry Y, Bronner C: A mechanism of action for anaphylatoxin C3a stimulation of mast cells. . J Immunol. 1992 Apr 15;148(8):2456-61.

Histamine was released in a nonlytic manner and the mast cell stimulation by both natural and synthetic factors was sensitive to pertussis toxin, neuraminidase, benzalkonium chloride, and to an excess of calcium.
The C3a anaphylatoxin also directly stimulates purified G proteins (i.e., GTPase activity) in a dose-dependent manner.
1(0,0,0,1) Details