Protein Information

Name glutaminase
Synonyms GA; Phosphate activated glutaminase; glutaminase; GLS; GLS 2; GLS2; Glutaminase I; L glutamine amidohydrolase…

Compound Information

Name TCA
CAS 2,2,2-trichloroacetic acid

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12125093 Bacurau RF, O'Toole CE, Newsholme P, Costa Rosa LF: Sub-lethal concentrations of activated complement increase rat lymphocyte glutamine utilization and oxidation while lethal concentrations cause death by a mechanism involving ATP depletion. Cell Biochem Funct. 2002 Sep;20(3):183-90.


We have measured the maximum activity of hexokinase, citrate synthase, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutaminase in rat mesenteric lymphocytes exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of activated complement (present in zymosan-activated serum, ZAS).
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18006192 Maciejewski PK, Rothman DL: Proposed cycles for functional glutamate trafficking in synaptic neurotransmission. Neurochem Int. 2008 Mar-Apr;52(4-5):809-25. Epub 2007 Oct 2.


To date, the glutamate-glutamine cycle has been the dominant paradigm for understanding the coordinated, compartmentalized activities of phosphate-activated glutaminase (PAG) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in support of functional glutamate trafficking in vivo.
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19939921 Chambers JW, Maguire TG, Alwine JC: Glutamine metabolism is essential for human cytomegalovirus infection. . J Virol. 2010 Feb;84(4):1867-73. Epub 2009 Nov 25.


In agreement with this, levels of glutamine uptake and ammonia production increased in infected cells, as did the activities of glutaminase and glutamate dehydrogenase, the enzymes needed to convert glutamine to alpha-ketoglutarate to enter the TCA cycle.
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12955201 Brennan L, Corless M, Hewage C, Malthouse JP, McClenaghan NH, Flatt PR, Newsholme P: 13C NMR analysis reveals a link between L-glutamine metabolism, D-glucose metabolism and gamma-glutamyl cycle activity in a clonal pancreatic beta-cell line. Diabetologia. 2003 Nov;46(11):1512-21. Epub 2003 Sep 4.


Moderate or high activities of the enzymes required for these pathways of metabolism including glutaminase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase were observed.
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19002931 Yallop CA, Norby PL, Jensen R, Reinbach H, Svendsen I: Characterisation of G418-induced metabolic load in recombinant CHO and BHK cells: effect on the activity and expression of central metabolic enzymes. Cytotechnology. 2003 Jul;42(2):87-99.


For both CHO and BHK cells, there was an increase in the activity of glutaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase and glutamine synthetase, suggesting an increased flux through the glutaminolysis pathway.
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17763943 Bak LK, Zieminska E, Waagepetersen HS, Schousboe A, Albrecht J: Metabolism of [U-13C] glutamine and [U-13C] glutamate in isolated rat brain mitochondria suggests functional phosphate-activated glutaminase activity in matrix. Neurochem Res. 2008 Feb;33(2):273-8. Epub 2007 Sep 1.

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