| Name | interleukin (protein family or complex) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Interleukin; Interleukins; interleukin receptor; interleukin receptors |
| Name | benzalkonium chloride |
|---|---|
| CAS | quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19857103 | Epstein SP, Chen D, Asbell PA: Evaluation of biomarkers of inflammation in response to benzalkonium chloride on corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;25(5):415-24. RESULTS: BAK induced significant amounts of interleukin (IL-) 1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), but only moderate amounts of C-reactive protein (CRP), IL- 10 and 12, and H (2) O (2). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18506818 | Mathias NR, Moench P, Heran C, Hussain MA, Smith RL: Rat nasal lavage biomarkers to assess preclinical irritation potential of nasal drug formulations and excipients. J Pharm Sci. 2009 Feb;98(2):495-502. Solutions tested include: normal saline, buffers, benzalkonium chloride (BAC), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), and four marketed nasal products. Total protein, lactate dehydrogenase and interleukin-1alpha biomarkers were secreted to varying degrees. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15586800 | Riechelmann H, Deutschle T, Stuhlmiller A, Gronau S, Burner H: Nasal toxicity of benzalkonium chloride. . Am J Rhinol. 2004 Sep-Oct;18(5):291-9. Concentrations for interleukin (IL)-6 in the placebo period were 41.5 pg/mL (0.9-91.7 pg/mL) and in the BAC period were 17.6 pg/mL (3.2-65.9 pg/mL; p = 0.46), and concentrations for substance P were 119 pg/mL (58-293 pg/mL) and 131 pg/mL (80-330 pg/mL; p = 0.31), respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12796255 | Goto Y, Ibaraki N, Miyake K: Human lens epithelial cell damage and stimulation of their secretion of chemical mediators by benzalkonium chloride rather than latanoprost and timolol. Arch Ophthalmol. 2003 Jun;121(6):835-9. After 7 days' culture, cell morphological changes were assessed using phase-contrast microscopy, and cell-free culture supernatants were collected for interleukin 1alpha (IL-1alpha), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) I 125 radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12781210 | Coquette A, Berna N, Vandenbosch A, Rosdy M, De Wever B, Poumay Y: Analysis of interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression and release in in vitro reconstructed human epidermis for the prediction of in vivo skin irritation and/or sensitization. Toxicol In Vitro. 2003 Jun;17(3):311-21. In the present study, reconstructed human epidermis (RHE) was used as an in vitro model to discriminate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB), (NiSO (4)), oxazolone (OXA), 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) and 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) as skin sensitizers from benzalkonium chloride (BC), (BA) and (SLS) as skin irritants. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15128598 | Fichorova RN, Bajpai M, Chandra N, Hsiu JG, Spangler M, Ratnam V, Doncel GF: Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8 predict mucosal toxicity of vaginal microbicidal contraceptives. Biol Reprod. 2004 Sep;71(3):761-9. Epub 2004 May 5. The present study evaluates four surface-active microbicide candidates, nonoxynol-9 (N-9), benzalkonium chloride (BZK), and monolaurate for their activity against human sperm and HIV, and their capacity to induce an inflammatory response on human vaginal epithelial cells and by the rabbit vaginal mucosa. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8040612 | Schwarz A, Grabbe S, Riemann H, Aragane Y, Simon M, Manon S, Andrade S, Luger TA, Zlotnik A, Schwarz T: In vivo effects of interleukin-10 on contact hypersensitivity and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. J Invest Dermatol. 1994 Aug;103(2):211-6. Interleukin (IL) 10 is a recently discovered cytokine, originally isolated from T-helper 2 (Th2) cells, which inhibits cytokine production of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells. IL-10 did not inhibit the toxic ear-swelling response induced by topical application of two irritants tested (croton oil or benzalkonium chloride). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18475442 | Moore HD, Cunningham FM: Mediators of increased blood flow in porcine skin. . Mediators Inflamm. 1992;1(1):55-9. Nicotinates and benzalkonium chloride (B.Cl) cause inflammatory changes in human skin, thought to be dependent upon prostaglandin formation. The role of prostaglandins and interleukin (IL)-1 in the blood flow response has been investigated. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15349789 | Poumay Y, Dupont F, Marcoux S, Leclercq-Smekens M, Herin M, Coquette A: A simple reconstructed human epidermis: preparation of the culture model and utilization in in vitro studies. Arch Dermatol Res. 2004 Oct;296(5):203-11. Epub 2004 Sep 2. The modelled tissue showed progressive cytotoxicity of a skin irritant (benzalkonium chloride) and a sensitizer (dinitrochlorobenzene) as assessed by MTT assay. Moreover, differential release of interleukin-1alpha and interleukin-8 were measured after 20 h of incubation allowing the irritant to be distinguished from the sensitizer. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9394834 | Aiba S, Terunuma A, Manome H, Tagami H: Dendritic cells differently respond to haptens and irritants by their production of cytokines and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Eur J Immunol. 1997 Nov;27(11):3031-8. After we confirmed that monocyte-derived DC showed at least phenotypic characteristics and a response to TNF-alpha similar to LC, we added various chemicals, i.e., dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), NiCl2, ZnCl2, (SDS), or benzalkonium chloride (BC), to a culture of purified monocyte-derived CD1a+ DC. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 15118463 | Koh SW, Coll TJ, Rose L, Matsumoto Y, Higginbotham EJ: Antiglaucoma eye drop pulses--increased interleukin-6 secretion by Tenon's capsule fibroblast cultures. J Glaucoma. 2004 Jun;13(3):200-9. The study tested the hypothesis that secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 by wounded Tenon's capsule-fibroblasts is elevated by prior long-term antiglaucoma eye drop treatment. Twice daily and for four and a half days, confluent secondary (2-4 passages) cultures were treated (30 minutes at 37 degrees C) with the following drugs (diluted at 1:400-1:100): 0.2% brimonidine-tartrate (Alphagan), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl (Trusopt), 0.5% timolol-maleate (Timoptic), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl/0.5% timolol-maleate (Cosopt), 2 and 4% pilocarpine-HCl (Akarpine and Pilocar), 0.005% latanoprost (Xalatan), placebos for Trusopt and Timoptic, and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9772097 | Corsini E, Primavera A, Marinovich M, Galli CL: Selective induction of cell-associated interleukin-1alpha in murine keratinocytes by chemical allergens. Toxicology. 1998 Aug 21;129(2-3):193-200. We investigated the effects of five relevant skin allergens (dinitrochlorobenzene, oxazolone, penicillin G and two skin irritants (benzalkonium chloride, and methylsalicilate) and two compounds with no sensitizing activity and on IL-1 production in HEL30 cells. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |