| Name | IL 1 beta |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Catabolin; IL 1; IL 1 beta; IL 1B; IL1 beta; IL1B; IL1F2; Interleukin 1… |
| Name | benzalkonium chloride |
|---|---|
| CAS | quaternary ammonium compounds, alkylbenzyldimethyl, chlorides |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 9772097 | Corsini E, Primavera A, Marinovich M, Galli CL: Selective induction of cell-associated interleukin-1alpha in murine keratinocytes by chemical allergens. Toxicology. 1998 Aug 21;129(2-3):193-200. In the mouse only, it has been demonstrated by other, that contact sensitizers up-regulated keratinocytes-derived interleukin-1alpha (IL-1), macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and interferon induced protein 10 mRNAs. We investigated the effects of five relevant skin allergens (dinitrochlorobenzene, oxazolone, penicillin G and two skin irritants (benzalkonium chloride, and methylsalicilate) and two compounds with no sensitizing activity and on IL-1 production in HEL30 cells. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 11288134 | Pichowski JS, Cumberbatch M, Dearman RJ, Basketter DA, Kimber I: Allergen-induced changes in interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) mRNA expression by human blood-derived dendritic cells: inter-individual differences and relevance for sensitization testing. J Appl Toxicol. 2001 Mar-Apr;21(2):115-21. Benzalkonium chloride failed to provoke changes in the expression of this cytokine in any donor examined, irrespective of their responder phenotype. |
7(0,0,0,7) | Details |
| 17624922 | D'Cruz OJ, Uckun FM: Evaluation of local tolerance of the antiretroviral spermicide (WHI-07)-loaded gel-microemulsion in the porcine female reproductive tract. J Appl Toxicol. 2008 Apr;28(3):303-14. When compared with irritant reactions caused by the detergent-type spermicide, benzalkonium chloride (BZK), the scatter profile of CVL immune cells and basal levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-8, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha) in CVL fluid were unaffected by intravaginal exposure to 2% WHI-07. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 15128598 | Fichorova RN, Bajpai M, Chandra N, Hsiu JG, Spangler M, Ratnam V, Doncel GF: Interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6, and IL-8 predict mucosal toxicity of vaginal microbicidal contraceptives. Biol Reprod. 2004 Sep;71(3):761-9. Epub 2004 May 5. The present study evaluates four surface-active microbicide candidates, nonoxynol-9 (N-9), benzalkonium chloride (BZK), and monolaurate for their activity against human sperm and HIV, and their capacity to induce an inflammatory response on human vaginal epithelial cells and by the rabbit vaginal mucosa. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 16036864 | D'Cruz OJ, Erbeck D, Uckun FM: A study of the potential of the pig as a model for the vaginal irritancy of benzalkonium chloride in comparison to the nonirritant microbicide PHI-443 and the spermicide vanadocene dithiocarbamate. Toxicol Pathol. 2005;33(4):465-76. At various times after gel application, cell differentials and levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha) in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid were monitored by flow cytometry and ELISA, respectively. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 18098038 | D'Cruz OJ, Uckun FM: Preclinical evaluation of a dual-acting microbicidal prodrug WHI-07 in combination with vanadocene dithiocarbamate in the female reproductive tract of rabbit, pig, and cat. Toxicol Pathol. 2007;35(7):910-27. Ten nonestrus gilts (Duroc) in three subgroups received either a single or daily intravaginal application of GM with and without 2.0% WHI-07 plus 0.25% VDDTC or 2.0% benzalkonium chloride (BZK)-containing gel for 6 and 4 consecutive days, respectively. Porcine cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) fluid was obtained for up to 72 hours after a single exposure and changes in the levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta, IL-8, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha) were quantitated by a multiplexed chemiluminescence-based immunoassay. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18475442 | Moore HD, Cunningham FM: Mediators of increased blood flow in porcine skin. . Mediators Inflamm. 1992;1(1):55-9. Nicotinates and benzalkonium chloride (B.Cl) cause inflammatory changes in human skin, thought to be dependent upon prostaglandin formation. The role of prostaglandins and interleukin (IL)-1 in the blood flow response has been investigated. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19857103 | Epstein SP, Chen D, Asbell PA: Evaluation of biomarkers of inflammation in response to benzalkonium chloride on corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;25(5):415-24. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) positive controls induced substantial elaboration/release of both IL-1 and TNF as did in increasing the exposure to the full 24 h. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15118463 | Koh SW, Coll TJ, Rose L, Matsumoto Y, Higginbotham EJ: Antiglaucoma eye drop pulses--increased interleukin-6 secretion by Tenon's capsule fibroblast cultures. J Glaucoma. 2004 Jun;13(3):200-9. Twice daily and for four and a half days, confluent secondary (2-4 passages) cultures were treated (30 minutes at 37 degrees C) with the following drugs (diluted at 1:400-1:100): 0.2% brimonidine-tartrate (Alphagan), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl (Trusopt), 0.5% timolol-maleate (Timoptic), 2.0% dorzolamide-HCl/0.5% timolol-maleate (Cosopt), 2 and 4% pilocarpine-HCl (Akarpine and Pilocar), 0.005% latanoprost (Xalatan), placebos for Trusopt and Timoptic, and 0.01% benzalkonium chloride. Subsequently, cultures were wounded by removing cells grown on half of each culture dishes along with the medium and conditioned for 20 hours in serum-free growth medium, which was then collected for ELISA for IL-6 (and TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12164931 | Brand P, Plochmann S, Valk E, Zahn S, Saloga J, Knop J, Becker D: Activation and translocation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase after stimulation of monocytes with contact sensitizers. J Invest Dermatol. 2002 Jul;119(1):99-106. In this study, the role of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase for the activation of human monocytes after exposure to four structurally unrelated contact sensitizers was analyzed in comparison with the irritant benzalkonium chloride and an inductor of oxidative stress (H2O2) using immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. Evidence for a functional relevance of mitogen-activated protein kinase activation was provided by measurement of the hapten-induced production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1beta. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12603851 | Aiba S, Manome H, Nakagawa S, Mollah ZU, Mizuashi M, Ohtani T, Yoshino Y, Tagami H: p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinases play distinct roles in the activation of dendritic cells by two representative haptens, NiCl2 and 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene. J Invest Dermatol. 2003 Mar;120(3):390-9. In contrast, primary irritants, e.g., benzalkonium chloride, or did not activate these signal transduction pathways. By using specific inhibitors for extracellular signal-regulated kinases and p38 pathways, PD98059 and SB203580, respectively, we demonstrated that the augmentation of CD86, HLA-DR, and CD83, and the production of interleukin-8 along with its increased mRNA expression by monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, and the augmentation of CD83 and the interleukin-12 p40 production by monocyte-derived dendritic cells stimulated with NiCl2, were suppressed by SB203580, whereas PD98059 suppressed the production of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, together with their increased mRNA expression by monocyte-derived dendritic cells treated with NiCl2. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 20146380 | Yoshikawa Y, Sasahara Y, Kitano Y, Kanazawa N, Shima H, Hashimoto-Tamaoki T: Upregulation of genes orchestrating keratinocyte differentiation, including the novel marker gene ID2, by contact sensitizers in human bulge-derived keratinocytes. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2010 Jan;24(1):10-20. In this study, we analyzed the molecular responses to certain contact sensitizers (2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene and NiSO (4)) and irritants and benzalkonium chloride) in cultured human keratinocytes from the bulge region of a plucked hair follicle (bulge-derived keratinocytes [BDKs]) and compared these molecular responses to those with the human monocytic leukemia cell line, THP-1. However, the expression of the IL1B and IL8 genes was induced at higher levels by the irritants in BDKs than by the sensitizers. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19929801 | Alt C, Harrison T, Dousman L, Fujita N, Shew K, Tran TT, Shayesteh S, Matsukawa A, Mirsalis J, D'Andrea A: Increased CCL2 expression and macrophage/monocyte migration during microbicide-induced vaginal irritation. Curr HIV Res. 2009 Nov;7(6):639-49. We studied several immunological parameters as potential biomarkers of vaginal irritation, using the spermicides nonoxynol-9 and benzalkonium chloride as test microbicides. We observed that treatment with the selected microbicides increases quantities of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1beta, CXCL8, and CCL2 in the vaginal tissue parenchyma, and of CCL2 on the vaginal surface. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11238627 | Arrighi JF, Rebsamen M, Rousset F, Kindler V, Hauser C: A critical role for p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase in the maturation of human blood-derived dendritic cells induced by lipopolysaccharide, TNF-alpha, and contact sensitizers. J Immunol. 2001 Mar 15;166(6):3837-45. Likewise, SB203580 partially prevented the up-regulation of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-lRa, and TNF-alpha mRNA upon stimulation with LPS and TNF-alpha, as well as the release of bioactive TNF-alpha induced by LPS. The irritants SDS and benzalkonium chloride that do not induce DC maturation did not trigger p38 MAPK phosphorylation. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16740164 | Cone RA, Hoen T, Wong X, Abusuwwa R, Anderson DJ, Moench TR: Vaginal microbicides: detecting toxicities in vivo that paradoxically increase pathogen transmission. BMC Infect Dis. 2006 Jun 1;6:90. Toxic effects that occurred contemporaneously with increased susceptibility were rapid exfoliation and re-growth of epithelial cell layers, entry of macrophages into the vaginal lumen, and release of one or more inflammatory cytokines (Il-1beta, KC, MIP 1alpha, RANTES). Ten agents were tested - five detergents: nonionic (N9), cationic (benzalkonium chloride, BZK), anionic dodecylsulfate, SDS), the pair of detergents in C31G (C14AO and C16B); one surface active agent (chlorhexidine); two non-detergents (BufferGel, and sulfonated polystyrene, SPS); and HEC placebo gel (hydroxyethylcellulose). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9394834 | Aiba S, Terunuma A, Manome H, Tagami H: Dendritic cells differently respond to haptens and irritants by their production of cytokines and expression of co-stimulatory molecules. Eur J Immunol. 1997 Nov;27(11):3031-8. After we confirmed that monocyte-derived DC showed at least phenotypic characteristics and a response to TNF-alpha similar to LC, we added various chemicals, i.e., dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), trinitrochlorobenzene (TNCB), NiCl2, ZnCl2, (SDS), or benzalkonium chloride (BC), to a culture of purified monocyte-derived CD1a+ DC. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |