Protein Information

Name mcl 1
Synonyms Bcl 2 related protein EAT/mcl1; EAT; Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl 1; MCL 1; MCL1; MCL1L; MCL1S; Myeloid cell leukemia 1…

Compound Information

Name cycloheximide
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16876795 Kato T, Kutsuna H, Oshitani N, Kitagawa S: Cyclic AMP delays neutrophil apoptosis via stabilization of Mcl-1. . FEBS Lett. 2006 Aug 21;580(19):4582-6. Epub 2006 Jul 21.

Spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis and Mcl-1 degradation were prevented by cyclic AMP (cAMP) agonists (dibutyryl cAMP and prostaglandin E (1)), and the effects of cAMP agonists on neutrophils were highly resistant to cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, although slight increase in Mcl-1 mRNA expression was induced by cAMP agonists.
83(1,1,1,3) Details
18647593 Ozaki Y, Kato T, Kitagawa M, Fujita H, Kitagawa S: Calpain inhibition delays neutrophil apoptosis via cyclic AMP-independent activation of protein kinase A and protein kinase A-mediated stabilization of Mcl-1 and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP). Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 Sep 15;477(2):227-31. Epub 2008 Jul 11.

Calpain inhibitors (PD150606 and N-acetyl-Leu-Leu-Nle-CHO) prevented spontaneous neutrophil apoptosis and degradation of Mcl-1 and XIAP, and the effects of calpain inhibitors on neutrophils were resistant to cycloheximide.
35(0,1,1,5) Details
16109713 Rahmani M, Davis EM, Bauer C, Dent P, Grant S: Apoptosis induced by the kinase inhibitor BAY 43-9006 in human leukemia cells involves down-regulation of Mcl-1 through inhibition of translation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 21;280(42):35217-27. Epub 2005 Aug 18.

Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide or proteasome function with MG132 and pulse-chase studies with [35S] methionine demonstrated that BAY 43-9006 did not diminish Mcl-1 protein stability, nor did it enhance Mcl-1 ubiquitination, but instead markedly attenuated Mcl-1 translation in association with the rapid and potent dephosphorylation of the eIF4E translation initiation factor.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
15637055 Weng C, Li Y, Xu D, Shi Y, Tang H: Specific cleavage of Mcl-1 by caspase-3 in tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in Jurkat leukemia T cells. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 18;280(11):10491-500. Epub 2005 Jan 6.

In sharp contrast to cycloheximide-induced Mcl-1 dilapidation, TRAIL did not activate proteasomal degradation of Mcl-1 in Jurkat cells.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
18678651 Chu C, Shatkin AJ: Apoptosis and autophagy induction in mammalian cells by small interfering RNA knockdown of mRNA capping enzymes. Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Oct;28(19):5829-36. Epub 2008 Aug 4.

In addition, levels of the BH3 family member Bim increased, while Mcl-1 and Bik levels remained unchanged during apoptosis.
Both Bim and Mcl-1 levels decreased in cycloheximide-induced apoptosis while Bik levels were unchanged, suggesting that apoptosis in siRNA-treated cells is not a direct consequence of loss of mRNA translation. siRNA-treated BAK (-/-) BAX (-/-) double-knockout mouse embryonic fibroblasts failed to activate capase-3 or increase TUNEL staining but instead exhibited autophagy, as demonstrated by proteolytic processing of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and translocation of transfected green fluorescent protein-LC3 from the nucleus to punctate cytoplasmic structures.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17200126 Adams KW, Cooper GM: Rapid turnover of mcl-1 couples translation to cell survival and apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 2;282(9):6192-200. Epub 2007 Jan 2.

Overexpression of Mcl-1 blocked apoptosis induced by cycloheximide, whereas RNA interference knockdown of Mcl-1 induced apoptosis.
166(2,2,2,6) Details
17311906 Yang C, Kaushal V, Shah SV, Kaushal GP: Mcl-1 is downregulated in cisplatin-induced apoptosis, and proteasome inhibitors restore Mcl-1 and promote survival in renal tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2007 Jun;292(6):F1710-7. Epub 2007 Feb 20.

Treatment of cells with cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, revealed rapid turnover of Mcl-1.
119(1,2,2,9) Details
18719002 Pritchard DM, Berry D, Przemeck SM, Campbell F, Edwards SW, Varro A: Gastrin increases mcl-1 expression in type I gastric carcinoid tumors and a gastric epithelial cell line that expresses the CCK-2 receptor. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2008 Oct;295(4):G798-805. Epub 2008 Aug 21.

Gastrin-induced mcl-1 expression was inhibited by the transcription inhibitor actinomycin D and by the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide.
38(0,1,1,8) Details
18069034 Ying S, Christian JG, Paschen SA, Hacker G: Chlamydia trachomatis can protect host cells against apoptosis in the absence of cellular Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins and Mcl-1. Microbes Infect. 2008 Jan;10(1):97-101. Epub 2007 Oct 18.

Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis protected all cells equally well against apoptosis, which was induced either with tumour necrosis factor/cycloheximide (IAP-knock-out cells) or staurosporine (Mcl-1-knock-out).
9(0,0,1,4) Details
18234961 Chetoui N, Sylla K, Gagnon-Houde JV, Alcaide-Loridan C, Charron D, Al-Daccak R, Aoudjit F: Down-regulation of mcl-1 by small interfering RNA sensitizes resistant melanoma cells to fas-mediated apoptosis. Mol Cancer Res. 2008 Jan;6(1):42-52.

In this study, we report that treatment of Fas-resistant melanoma cell lines with cycloheximide, a general inhibitor of de novo protein synthesis, sensitizes them to anti-Fas monoclonal antibody (mAb)-induced apoptosis.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
16546987 Tang R, Faussat AM, Majdak P, Marzac C, Dubrulle S, Marjanovic Z, Legrand O, Marie JP: Semisynthetic homoharringtonine induces apoptosis via inhibition of protein synthesis and triggers rapid myeloid cell leukemia-1 down-regulation in myeloid leukemia cells. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Mar;5(3):723-31.

The Mcl-1 turnover was only induced by ssHHT and cycloheximide, but not by daunorubicin and cytosine arabinoside, and could be restored by proteasome inhibitors.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
16029896 Oguma K, Sano J, Kano R, Watari T, Moritomo T, Hasegawa A: In vitro effect of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on canine neutrophil apoptosis. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2005 Dec 15;108(3-4):307-14. Epub 2005 Jul 18.

The addition of cycloheximide abolished this suppression by rhG-CSF.
Moreover, canine PMNs, which were stimulated by rhG-CSF, expressed high levels of anti-apoptotic mcl-1 gene mRNA, as quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction method.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19457567 Jiang JX, Mikami K, Venugopal S, Li Y, Torok NJ: Apoptotic body engulfment by hepatic stellate cells promotes their survival by the JAK/STAT and Akt/NF-kappaB-dependent pathways. J Hepatol. 2009 Jul;51(1):139-48. Epub 2009 May 3.

The JAK/STAT- and PI3K/Akt-dependent pathways, NF-kappaB activation and expression of the anti-apoptotic proteins Mcl-1 and A1 were evaluated.
RESULTS: Phagocytosing HSC were resistant to FasL/cycloheximide or TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19412536 Robert F, Carrier M, Rawe S, Chen S, Lowe S, Pelletier J: Altering chemosensitivity by modulating translation elongation. PLoS One. 2009;4(5):e5428. Epub 2009 May 1.

METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we chose four structurally different chemical inhibitors of translation elongation: homoharringtonine, bruceantin, didemnin B and cycloheximide, and tested their ability to alter the chemoresistance of Emu-myc lymphomas harbouring lesions in Pten, Tsc2, Bcl-2, or eIF4E.
We attribute this effect to a reduction in levels of pro-oncogenic or pro-survival proteins having short half-lives, like Mcl-1, cyclin D1 or c-Myc.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18439101 Kato T, Noma H, Kitagawa M, Takahashi T, Oshitani N, Kitagawa S: Distinct role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase isoforms in human neutrophil apoptosis regulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 2008 Apr;28(4):235-43.


TNF-alpha-induced JNK phosphorylation was sustained in the presence of cycloheximide, which was accompanied by accelerated neutrophil apoptosis.
0(0,0,0,0) Details