Protein Information

Name lactate dehydrogenase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms LDH; lactate dehydrogenase; lactate dehydrogenases

Compound Information

Name copper sulfate
CAS sulfuric acid copper(2+) salt (1:1)

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
7148260 Nemcsok J, Boross L: Comparative studies on the sensitivity of different fish species to metal pollution. Acta Biol Acad Sci Hung. 1982;33(1):23-7.


The effects of 10 ppm CuSO4, ZnCl2 on the blood glucose level and serum LDH, GOT, GPT activities of three fish species (carp, silver carp, European wels) were measured.
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1588938 Chatterjee S: Role of oxidized human plasma low density lipoproteins in atherosclerosis: effects on smooth muscle cell proliferation. Mol Cell Biochem. 1992 Apr;111(1-2):143-7.

The effects of oxidized human plasma low density lipoproteins (Ox-LDL) on the proliferation of cultured aortic smooth muscle cells was studied, employing viable cell counting, [3H] thymidine incorporation into DNA, and the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) into the medium.
Oxidized LDL (prepared by incubation of LDL with copper sulfate) exerted a concentration-dependent stimulation (2 fold, compared to control) of aortic smooth muscle cell proliferation at low concentrations (0.1 micrograms-10 micrograms/ml medium).
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11922763 Fernandes S, Kim HS, Hatti-Kaul R: Affinity extraction of dye- and metal ion-binding proteins in polyvinylpyrrolidone-based aqueous two-phase system. Protein Expr Purif. 2002 Apr;24(3):460-9.

A more than 10-fold increase in the partition coefficient of His6-LDH was achieved in the two-phase system loaded with 0.4% (w/w) copper sulfate compared to the system lacking the metal ions.
Cibacron Blue F3GA was used as the ligand for extraction of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from porcine muscle, while copper ions were used for extraction of B. stearothermophilus LDH with a fusion tag of six histidine residues (His6-LDH) from recombinant Escherichia coli homogenate.
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16850873 Satyaparameshwar K, Ravinder Reddy T, Vijaya Kumar N: Study of carbohydrate metabolism in selected tissues of freshwater mussel, Lamellidens marginalis under copper sulphate toxicity. J Environ Biol. 2006 Jan;27(1):39-41.


Activities of LDH, SDH and MDH decreased while G-6-PDH activity increased.
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12899943 Santamaria A, Flores-Escartin A, Martinez JC, Osorio L, Galvan-Arzate S, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Maldonado PD, Medina-Campos ON, Jimenez-Capdeville ME, Manjarrez J, Rios C: Copper blocks quinolinic acid neurotoxicity in rats: contribution of antioxidant systems. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Aug 15;35(4):418-27.


However, copper also produced significant increases of plasma lactate dehydrogenase activity and mortality at the highest doses employed (7.5 and 10.0 mg/kg).
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8734903 Papassotiropoulos A, Ludwig M, Naib-Majani W, Rao GS: Induction of apoptosis and secondary necrosis in rat dorsal root ganglion cell cultures by oxidized low density lipoprotein. Neurosci Lett. 1996 May 3;209(1):33-6.


Methods used were cell morphology, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, the TUNEL-reaction and DNA fragmentation.
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2865066 Asztalos B, Nemcsok J: Effect of pesticides on the LDH activity and isoenzyme pattern of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) sera. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1985;82(1):217-9.


Copper sulphate (CuSO4), paraquat (PQ) and methidathion (MD) all caused tissue necrosis as demonstrated by increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH, EC 1.1.1.27) in blood sera.
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2322021 Asztalos B, Nemcsok J, Benedeczky I, Gabriel R, Szabo A, Refaie OJ: The effects of pesticides on some biochemical parameters of carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1990 Mar-Apr;19(2):275-82.


Treatments with copper sulphate (CuSO4), paraquat (PQ) and methidathion (MD) caused tissue damage and stress effects in carp, indicated by the increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamate dehydrogenase (GIDH) enzyme activities and elevated blood-sugar levels.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3591163 Asztalos B: LDH enzymes as a tool on monitoring tissue necrosis in fishes caused by pesticides. Acta Biol Hung. 1986;37(1):59-65.

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8368941 Hirano S, Ebihara H, Sakai S, Kodama N, Suzuki KT: Pulmonary clearance and toxicity of intratracheally instilled cupric oxide in rats. Arch Toxicol. 1993;67(5):312-7.


The acute pulmonary toxicity of CuO was evaluated by cytological (numbers of macrophages and polymorphonuclear leukocytes), biochemical and elemental inflammatory indices (lactate dehydrogenase and beta-glucuronidase activities and protein, sulfur, phosphorus and calcium contents) in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid.
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