Protein Information

Name cellular glutathione peroxidase
Synonyms Cellular glutathione peroxidase; GPX1; GPx 1; GSHPX1; GSHPx 1; Glutathione peroxidase 1; GPx 1s; GSHPx 1s…

Compound Information

Name paraquat
CAS 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18269170 Spiegelman BM: Transcriptional control of energy homeostasis through the PGC1 coactivators. Novartis Found Symp. 2007;286:3-6; discusssion 6-12

This includes genes encoding mitochondrial proteins like SOD2, but also includes cytoplasmic proteins like catalase and GPX1.
Cells lacking PGC1alpha are hypersensitive to death from oxidative stress caused by H2O2 or paraquat.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12851211 Kim HS, Manevich Y, Feinstein SI, Pak JH, Ho YS, Fisher AB: Induction of 1-cys peroxiredoxin expression by oxidative stress in lung epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol. 2003 Aug;285(2):L363-9.

We studied changes in 1-cysPrx expression in rat lungs and lung cell lines in response to oxidative stress due to hyperoxia, H2O2, or paraquat.
A similar induction of 1-cysPrx was observed in mouse lungs following exposure to O2 for 63 or 72 h; enzyme induction in mouse lungs was similar for wild-type and glutathione peroxidase 1 gene-targeted mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11568445 Lei XG: Glutathione peroxidase-1 gene knockout on body antioxidant defense in mice. Biofactors. 2001;14(1-4):93-9.

After these mice were injected with pro-oxidants paraquat or diquat at 12 to 125 mg/kg of body weight, their survival rate and time were a function of their GPX1 activity levels.
92(1,1,2,7) Details
12654481 Cheng WH, Quimby FW, Lei XG: Impacts of glutathione peroxidase-1 knockout on the protection by injected selenium against the pro-oxidant-induced liver aponecrosis and signaling in selenium-deficient mice. Free Radic Biol Med. 2003 Apr 1;34(7):918-27.

The severity of liver aponecrosis and the associated mortality were reduced to a much greater extent by an injection of Se (ip, 50 microg/kg b.wt. as Na2SeO3) prior to paraquat stress in the WT mice, compared with the GPX1-/- mice.
73(0,2,3,8) Details
10428770 Cheng W, Fu YX, Porres JM, Ross DA, Lei XG: Selenium-dependent cellular glutathione peroxidase protects mice against a pro-oxidant-induced oxidation of NADPH, NADH, lipids, and protein. FASEB J. 1999 Aug;13(11):1467-75.

In conclusion, GPX1 plays a critical role in maintaining the redox status of mice under acute oxidative stress, and protects against paraquat-induced oxidative destruction of lipids and protein in vivo.
52(0,1,4,7) Details
12492400 Cheng WH, Zheng X, Quimby FR, Roneker CA, Lei XG: Low levels of glutathione peroxidase 1 activity in selenium-deficient mouse liver affect c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and p53 phosphorylation on Ser-15 in pro-oxidant-induced aponecrosis. Biochem J. 2003 Mar 15;370(Pt 3):927-34.

Both Se-deficient GPX1 knockout (GPX1 (-/-)) and wild-type (WT) mice ( n =64) were pretreated with an intraperitoneal injection of Se (as sodium selenite, 50 microg/kg body weight) 6 h before an intraperitoneal injection of paraquat (12.5 mg/kg).
18(0,0,2,8) Details
10539768 Cheng WH, Valentine BA, Lei XG: High levels of dietary vitamin E do not replace cellular glutathione peroxidase in protecting mice from acute oxidative stress. J Nutr. 1999 Nov;129(11):1951-7.

Our objective was to determine whether high levels of dietary vitamin E replaced the protection of the Se-dependent cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPX1) against paraquat- or diquat-induced acute oxidative stress in mice.
13(0,0,1,8) Details
18074631 Spiegelman BM: Transcriptional control of mitochondrial energy metabolism through the PGC1 coactivators. Novartis Found Symp. 2007;287:60-3; discussion 63-9.

This includes genes encoding mitochondrial proteins like SOD2, but also includes cytoplasmic proteins such as catalase and GPX1.
Cells lacking PGC1alpha are hypersensitive to death from oxidative stress caused by H2O2 or paraquat.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18620719 Black AT, Gray JP, Shakarjian MP, Laskin DL, Heck DE, Laskin JD: Increased oxidative stress and antioxidant expression in mouse keratinocytes following exposure to paraquat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 15;231(3):384-92. Epub 2008 May 29.

0(0,0,0,0) Details
15182862 Van Remmen H, Qi W, Sabia M, Freeman G, Estlack L, Yang H, Mao Guo Z, Huang TT, Strong R, Lee S, Epstein CJ, Richardson A: Multiple deficiencies in antioxidant enzymes in mice result in a compound increase in sensitivity to oxidative stress. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Jun 15;36(12):1625-34.

To examine the effect of compound deficiencies in antioxidant defense, we have generated mice (Sod2 (+/-)/Gpx1 (-/-)) that are deficient in Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (Gpx1) by breeding Sod2 (+/-) and Gpx1 (-/-) mice together.
Whole-animal studies demonstrated that survival of the Sod2 (+/-)/Gpx1 (-/-) mice in response to whole body gamma irradiation or paraquat administration was also reduced compared with that of wild-type, Sod2 (+/-), or Gpx1 (-/-) mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15623509 Morbitzer M, Herget T: Expression of gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase is inversely correlated to the presence of hepatitis C virus subgenomic RNA in human liver cells. J Biol Chem. 2005 Mar 11;280(10):8831-41. Epub 2004 Dec 28.


Concomitantly, total cellular glutathione peroxidase activity was drastically reduced, which rendered these human liver cells more susceptible toward oxidative stress.
1(0,0,0,1) Details