Protein Information

Name xanthine oxidase
Synonyms XDH; XDHA; XO; XOD; XOR; Xanthene dehydrogenase; Xanthine dehydrogenase; Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase…

Compound Information

Name copper sulfate
CAS sulfuric acid copper(2+) salt (1:1)

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
2820500 Huber KR, Sridhar R, Griffith EH, Amma EL, Roberts J: Superoxide dismutase-like activities of copper (II) complexes tested in serum. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Sep 24;915(2):267-76.


The electron paramagnetic resonance technique of spin trapping was used to detect the formation of superoxide (O2-.) and other free radicals in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase system under a variety of conditions.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
1554379 Pelletier O, Hill I, Birnboim HC: Inhibition by superoxide dismutase-mimetic copper complexes of phorbol ester-induced respiratory burst in human granulocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Mar 3;43(5):1061-6.

Two superoxide dismutase-mimetic lipophilic copper complexes, Cu (II) 2 (indomethacin) 4 [Cu (II) 2 (indo) 4] and Cu (II) 2 (3,5-diisopropylsalicylate) 4 [Cu (II) 2 (3,5-DIPS) 4], were tested for their effects on the respiratory burst of intact human granulocytes and on xanthine oxidase, under conditions where superoxide and hydrogen peroxide were generated.
Similar inhibitory effects were seen using copper sulfate.
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8485631 Berman RS, Martin W: Arterial endothelial barrier dysfunction: actions of homocysteine and the hypoxanthine-xanthine oxidase free radical generating system. Br J Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;108(4):920-6.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
9166989 Napoli C, Triggiani M, Palumbo G, Condorelli M, Chiariello M, Ambrosio G: Glycosylation enhances oxygen radical-induced modifications and decreases acetylhydrolase activity of human low density lipoprotein. Basic Res Cardiol. 1997 Apr;92(2):96-105.


METHODS: In vitro glc-LDL and n-LDL were exposed to the oxidants xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO; 2 mM and 100 mU/ml, respectively), or CuSO4 (10 microM) for 18 hs at 37 degrees C.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9808343 Hayashi A, Ryu A, Suzuki T, Kawada A, Tajima S: In vitro degradation of tropoelastin by reactive oxygen species. Arch Dermatol Res. 1998 Sep;290(9):497-500.

Treatment of tropoelastin with copper sulfate/ascorbic acid resulted in degradation of tropoelastin producing fragments of molecular weight 45, 30 and 10 kDa within 30 min.
ROS induced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase system also degraded tropoelastin within 6 h.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8005513 Sandstrom BE, Granstrom M, Marklund SL: New roles for quin2: powerful transition-metal ion chelator that inhibits copper-, but potentiates iron-driven, Fenton-type reactions. Free Radic Biol Med. 1994 Feb;16(2):177-85.


Chelation of ferric ion with quin2 uniformly strongly enhanced the formation of oxidizing species, detected with the DMSO and deoxyribose assays, both by H2O2 and a mixture of superoxide/hydrogen peroxide produced by hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2540067 Simpson JA, Smith SE, Dean RT: Scavenging by alginate of free radicals released by macrophages. . Free Radic Biol Med. 1989;6(4):347-53.


In agreement with this, alginate was also able to scavenge radicals generated by a chemical system (hydrogen peroxide and copper; detected by benzoate hydroxylation and chemiluminescence), and by an enzymatic system (hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase; detected by chemiluminescence).
1(0,0,0,1) Details