Protein Information

Name geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase
Synonyms GGPP synthetase; GGPPS; GGPPS 1; GGPPS1; GGPPSASE; GGPS 1; GGPS1; Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase…

Compound Information

Name gibberellins
CAS gibberellins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
10759500 Okada K, Saito T, Nakagawa T, Kawamukai M, Kamiya Y: Five geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases expressed in different organs are localized into three subcellular compartments in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 2000 Apr;122(4):1045-56.

Geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) is the precursor for the biosynthesis of gibberellins, carotenoids, chlorophylls, isoprenoid quinones, and geranylgeranylated proteins in plants.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
20028839 Orlova I, Nagegowda DA, Kish CM, Gutensohn M, Maeda H, Varbanova M, Fridman E, Yamaguchi S, Hanada A, Kamiya Y, Krichevsky A, Citovsky V, Pichersky E, Dudareva N: The small subunit of snapdragon geranyl diphosphate synthase modifies the chain length specificity of tobacco geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase in planta. Plant Cell. 2009 Dec;21(12):4002-17. Epub 2009 Dec 22.

The formation of chimeric GPPS in transgenic plants also resulted in leaf chlorosis, increased light sensitivity, and dwarfism due to decreased levels of chlorophylls, carotenoids, and gibberellins.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
16581875 Cervantes-Cervantes M, Gallagher CE, Zhu C, Wurtzel ET: Maize cDNAs expressed in endosperm encode functional farnesyl diphosphate synthase with geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase activity. Plant Physiol. 2006 May;141(1):220-31. Epub 2006 Mar 31.

Terpenoids and sterols are derived from FPP, whereas gibberellins, carotenoids, casbenes, taxenes, and others originate from GGPP.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
9230902 Mende K, Homann V, Tudzynski B: The geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene of Gibberella fujikuroi: isolation and expression. Mol Gen Genet. 1997 Jun;255(1):96-105.

The rice pathogen, Gibberella fujikuroi, produces large amounts of gibberellins, a group of natural plant hormones, which induce the superelongation (bakanae) disease of rice.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
18567680 Bomke C, Rojas MC, Gong F, Hedden P, Tudzynski B: Isolation and characterization of the gibberellin biosynthetic gene cluster in Sphaceloma manihoticola. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2008 Sep;74(17):5325-39. Epub 2008 Jun 20.

Gibberellins (GAs) are tetracyclic diterpenoid phytohormones that were first identified as secondary metabolites of the fungus Fusarium fujikuroi (teleomorph, Gibberella fujikuroi).
Here, we present the identification of the GA biosynthetic gene cluster from S. manihoticola consisting of five genes encoding a bifunctional ent-copalyl/ent-kaurene synthase (CPS/KS), a pathway-specific geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGS2), and three cytochrome P450 monooxygenases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11472927 Tudzynski B, Hedden P, Carrera E, Gaskin P: The P450-4 gene of Gibberella fujikuroi encodes ent-kaurene oxidase in the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Aug;67(8):3514-22.


At least five genes of the gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis pathway are clustered on chromosome 4 of Gibberella fujikuroi; these genes encode the bifunctional ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase/ent-kaurene synthase, a GA-specific geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase, and three cytochrome P450 monooxygenases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9917370 Tudzynski B, Holter K: Gibberellin biosynthetic pathway in Gibberella fujikuroi: evidence for a gene cluster. Fungal Genet Biol. 1998 Dec;25(3):157-70.

Since at least four cytochrome P450 monooxygenase-catalyzed steps are involved in the synthesis of gibberellins, chromosome walking was performed to find a further gene of this family or other genes involved in gibberellin pathway.
Next to the two P450 monooxygenase genes, a putative geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase gene, the copalyl diphosphate synthase gene, which is the first specific gene of the gibberellin pathway, and a third P450 monooxygenase gene were identified.
1(0,0,0,1) Details