Protein Information

Name Mannanase
Synonyms Beta mannosidase; Beta mannosidase precursor; Lysosomal beta A mannosidase; MANB 1; MANB1; MANBA; Mannanase; Mannase…

Compound Information

Name gibberellins
CAS gibberellins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18006965 Arana MV, Burgin MJ, de Miguel LC, Sanchez RA: The very-low-fluence and high-irradiance responses of the phytochromes have antagonistic effects on germination, mannan-degrading activities, and DfGA3ox transcript levels in Datura ferox seeds. J Exp Bot. 2007;58(14):3997-4004. Epub 2007 Nov 15.

It was found that the VLFR of germination is associated with increments in the embryo growth potential (EGP) and in the activity of two enzymes related to the weakening of the micropylar region of the endosperm (ME); endo-beta-mannanase and beta-mannosidase.
The FR pulse also significantly stimulated the expression of DfGA3ox, a GA 3beta-hydroxylase, suggesting that the promotion of germination by the VLFR is associated with an increase in the synthesis of active gibberellins.
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11986762 Yamaguchi S, Kamiya Y: Gibberellins and Light-Stimulated Seed Germination. J Plant Growth Regul. 2001 Dec;20(4):369-376.

Endo-b-mannanase, which is produced specifically in the micropylar endosperm in a GA-dependent manner, may be responsible for breaking down the endosperm cell walls to assist germination.
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19246594 Iglesias-Fernandez R, Matilla A: After-ripening alters the gene expression pattern of oxidases involved in the ethylene and gibberellin pathways during early imbibition of Sisymbrium officinale L. seeds. J Exp Bot. 2009;60(6):1645-61. Epub 2009 Feb 26.

On the other hand, the beta-mannanase (MAN) activity dramatically increased in dry after-ripened seed, being significantly boosted by ET.
At the onset of imbibition, AR inhibited SoACS7 and SoACO2 expression and stimulated that of SoGA20ox2, SoGA3ox2, and SoGA2ox6, demonstrating that the participation of ethylene (ET) and gibberellins (GAs) differs in after-ripened and non-after-ripened seeds.
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16211389 Arana MV, de Miguel LC, Sanchez RA: A phytochrome-dependent embryonic factor modulates gibberellin responses in the embryo and micropylar endosperm of Datura ferox seeds. Planta. 2006 Mar;223(4):847-57. Epub 2005 Oct 7.

These changes require de novo gibberellins (GAs) biosynthesis in the embryo, the site where the light stimulus is perceived.
The phytochrome-induced signal is produced in the embryo and enhances the stimulus by GA of embryo growth potential (EGP) and the promotion of the expression of proteins thought to participate in ME weakening: endo-beta-mannanase (EC 3.2.1.78), endo-beta-mannosidase (EC 3.2.1.25) and expansin.
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17329406 da Silva EA, de Melo DL, Davide AC, de Bode N, Abreu GB, Faria JM, Hilhorst HW: Germination ecophysiology of Annona crassiflora seeds. Ann Bot. 2007 May;99(5):823-30. Epub 2007 Feb 28.

Exogenous gibberellins induced both embryo growth and endo-beta-mannanase activity in dormant seeds.
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10938343 Nonogaki H, Gee OH, Bradford KJ: A germination-specific endo-beta-mannanase gene is expressed in the micropylar endosperm cap of tomato seeds. Plant Physiol. 2000 Aug;123(4):1235-46.

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