Protein Information

Name cytochrome P450 (protein family or complex)
Synonyms cytochrome P450; cytochrome P 450; CYP450; CYP 450

Compound Information

Name gibberellins
CAS gibberellins

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16668240 Donaldson RP, Luster DG: Multiple Forms of Plant Cytochromes P-450. Plant Physiol. 1991 Jul;96(3):669-674.

Accumulating evidence indicates that there is a multiplicity of cytochrome P-450 enzymes in plants.
These monooxygenases are implicated in the metabolism of sterols, terpenes, gibberellins, isoflavonoids, and xenobiotics.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
11172076 Helliwell CA, Chandler PM, Poole A, Dennis ES, Peacock WJ: The CYP88A cytochrome P450, ent-kaurenoic acid oxidase, catalyzes three steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Feb 13;98(4):2065-70. Epub 2001 Feb 6.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
11722763 Helliwell CA, Sullivan JA, Mould RM, Gray JC, Peacock WJ, Dennis ES: A plastid envelope location of Arabidopsis ent-kaurene oxidase links the plastid and endoplasmic reticulum steps of the gibberellin biosynthesis pathway. Plant J. 2001 Oct;28(2):201-8.


Gibberellin biosynthesis from geranylgeranyl diphosphate is catalysed by enzymes of the terpene cyclase, cytochrome P450 mono-oxygenase and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase classes.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7549486 Winkler RG, Helentjaris T: The maize Dwarf3 gene encodes a cytochrome P450-mediated early step in Gibberellin biosynthesis. Plant Cell. 1995 Aug;7(8):1307-17.

Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones required for normal growth and development in higher plants.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19581023 Villa-Ruano N, Betancourt-Jimenez MG, Lozoya-Gloria E: Biosynthesis of uterotonic diterpenes from Montanoa tomentosa (zoapatle). J Plant Physiol. 2009 Dec 15;166(18):1961-7. Epub 2009 Jul 5.


Our results suggest the biosynthetic conversion of KA into GF by a putative cytochrome P450-like desaturase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15064374 Saito S, Hirai N, Matsumoto C, Ohigashi H, Ohta D, Sakata K, Mizutani M: Arabidopsis CYP707As encode (+)-abscisic acid 8'-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in the oxidative catabolism of abscisic acid. Plant Physiol. 2004 Apr;134(4):1439-49. Epub 2004 Apr 2.


The hydroxylation at the 8'-position of ABA is known as the key step of ABA catabolism, and this reaction is catalyzed by ABA 8'-hydroxylase, a cytochrome P450.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8888622 Jennings JC, Banks JA, Coolbaugh RC: Subtractive hybridization between cDNAs from untreated and AMO-1618-treated cultures of Gibberella fujikuroi. Plant Cell Physiol. 1996 Sep;37(6):847-54.


The gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic pathway includes four apparent cytochrome P450-mediated steps that convert kaurene to 7 alpha-hydroxykaurenoic acid.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9655913 Tully RE, van Berkum P, Lovins KW, Keister DL: Identification and sequencing of a cytochrome P450 gene cluster from Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1998 Jul 9;1398(3):243-55.

ORF7 bears some similarity to plant genes for ent-kaurene synthase (a precursor of gibberellins), and to bacterial squalene-hopene cyclases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12073817 Hasan HA: Gibberellin and auxin-indole production by plant root-fungi and their biosynthesis under salinity-calcium interaction. Acta Microbiol Immunol Hung. 2002;49(1):105-18.


The contents of GA, IAA and cytochrome P-450 were increased at 0.5 and 1% NaCl after 5 days, but GA and IAA were lowered at 4% (700 mM) NaCl.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11986758 Hedden P, Phillips AL, Rojas MC, Carrera E, Tudzynski B: Gibberellin Biosynthesis in Plants and Fungi: A Case of Convergent Evolution? . J Plant Growth Regul. 2001 Dec;20(4):319-331.

As well as being phytohormones, gibberellins (GAs) are present in some fungi and bacteria.
Similarly, 20-oxidation is catalyzed by dioxygenases in plants and a cytochrome P450 in the fungus.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19454733 Aya K, Ueguchi-Tanaka M, Kondo M, Hamada K, Yano K, Nishimura M, Matsuoka M: Gibberellin modulates anther development in rice via the transcriptional regulation of GAMYB. Plant Cell. 2009 May;21(5):1453-72. Epub 2009 May 19.

Gibberellins (GAs) play important roles in regulating reproductive development, especially anther development.
Among the GA-regulated genes, we focused on two lipid metabolic genes, a cytochrome P450 hydroxylase CYP703A3 and beta-ketoacyl reductase, both of which might be involved in providing a substrate for exine and Ubisch body.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2223832 Ashman PJ, Mackenzie A, Bramley PM: Characterization of ent-kaurene oxidase activity from Gibberella fujikuroi. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1990 Nov 9;1036(2):151-7.


Both the soluble and microsomal preparations showed characteristic cytochrome P-450 spectra, ligand binding spectra with the substrate and with the plant growth regulator, paclobutrazol, and inhibition of enzymic activity by carbon monoxide.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16556972 Kawaide H: Biochemical and molecular analyses of gibberellin biosynthesis in fungi. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2006 Mar;70(3):583-90.


GA biosynthesis in plants is divided into three steps involving soluble enzymes and membrane-bound cytochrome P450.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14988475 Davidson SE, Smith JJ, Helliwell CA, Poole AT, Reid JB: The pea gene LH encodes ent-kaurene oxidase. Plant Physiol. 2004 Mar;134(3):1123-34. Epub 2004 Feb 26.


It codes for a cytochrome P450 from the CYP701A subfamily and has ent-kaurene oxidase (KO) activity, catalyzing the three step oxidation of ent-kaurene to ent-kaurenoic acid in the gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic pathway when expressed in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11261584 Urrutia O, Hedden P, Rojas MC: Monooxygenases involved in GA12 and GA14 synthesis in Gibberella fujikuroi. Phytochemistry. 2001 Mar;56(5):505-11.


These properties suggest that the 3beta-hydroxylation of GA12-aldehyde and further oxidation of carbon 7 are catalyzed by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases in Gibberella fujikuroi.
1(0,0,0,1) Details