Protein Information

Name hemoglobin (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Hemoglobin; Hemoglobins

Compound Information

Name warfarin
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18772448 Foerch C, Arai K, Jin G, Park KP, Pallast S, van Leyen K, Lo EH: Experimental model of warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. . Stroke. 2008 Dec;39(12):3397-404. Epub 2008 Sep 4.

Hemorrhagic blood volume was quantified by means of a photometric hemoglobin assay 2 and 24 hours after hemorrhage induction.
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19386947 Vets E, Rossignol JF, Jackson AS: Effects of nitazoxanide on pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of a single dose of warfarin. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2009 May 1;66(9):838-42.

At discharge, a high hemoglobin level and a low total bilirubin level were reported in both groups.
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19531696 Yamreudeewong W, Wong HK, Brausch LM, Pulley KR: Probable interaction between warfarin and marijuana smoking. Ann Pharmacother. 2009 Jul;43(7):1347-53. Epub 2009 Jun 16.

Upon admission, his INR value was supratherapeutic at 10.41, and his hemoglobin level was 6.6 g/dL.
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20057483 Yamamoto K, Yamamoto H, Yoshida K, Kisanuki A, Hirano Y, Ohte N, Akasaka T, Takeuchi M, Nakatani S, Ohtani T, Sozu T, Masuyama T: Prognostic factors for progression of early- and late-stage calcific aortic valve disease in Japanese: the Japanese Aortic Stenosis Study (JASS) Retrospective Analysis. Hypertens Res. 2010 Mar;33(3):269-74. Epub 2010 Jan 8.

In early-stage subjects with calcification in one or zero leaflets who were without aortic stenosis on the preceding echocardiographic study (n=157), the prognostic factors for progression were the following: (1) no use of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and (2) use of warfarin.
In late-stage subjects with calcification in two or three leaflets and/or aortic stenosis on the preceding echocardiographic study (n=399), progression was observed in females and in subjects with low hemoglobin and a concentric left ventricle.
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18319497 Pham DQ, Nogid A, Plakogiannis R: Sitagliptin: a novel agent for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. . Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008 Mar 15;65(6):521-31.

The clinical trials reviewed provide evidence that sitagliptin, either alone or in combination with metformin or thiazolidinediones, is effective in reducing glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA (1c)), fasting plasma glucose, and two-hour postprandial glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Sitagliptin does not appear to alter the pharmacokinetics of metformin, rosiglitazone, glyburide, simvastatin, warfarin, or oral contraceptives.
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18930273 Kefer JC, Desai MM, Fergany A, Novick AC, Gill IS: Outcomes of partial nephrectomy in patients on chronic oral anticoagulant therapy. J Urol. 2008 Dec;180(6):2370-4; discussion 2734. Epub 2008 Oct 18.

Controls had significantly higher intraoperative blood loss (300 vs 200, p <0.05) and a greater postoperative decrease in hemoglobin (3.5 vs 2.4 mg/dl, p <0.001).
Since 2000, 31 open and 16 laparoscopic partial nephrectomies were performed in patients on chronic warfarin, clopidogrel or cilostazol.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19931897 Wheat JC, Hall TL, Hempel CR, Cain CA, Xu Z, Roberts WW: Prostate histotripsy in an anticoagulated model. Urology. 2010 Jan;75(1):207-11. Epub 2009 Nov 22.

METHODS: Histotripsy was performed on 9 canine subjects pretreated with 6 mg of oral warfarin for 3-5 days using an extracorporeal 750 kHz therapeutic ultrasound transducer delivering acoustic pulses to the prostatic urethra and periurethral parenchyma.
Serum hemoglobin and International Normalization Ratio were measured immediately before histotripsy treatment and at euthanasia.
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18847643 Golob JF Jr, Sando MJ, Kan JC, Yowler CJ, Malangoni MA, Claridge JA: Therapeutic anticoagulation in the trauma patient: is it safe? . Surgery. 2008 Oct;144(4):591-6; discussion 596-7. Epub 2008 Aug 29.


The most common complication was a sudden drop in hemoglobin concentration requiring blood transfusion (11 patients).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19041033 Krane LS, Laungani R, Satyanarayana R, Kaul S, Bhandari M, Peabody JO, Menon M: Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy in patients receiving chronic anticoagulation therapy: role of perioperative bridging. Urology. 2008 Dec;72(6):1351-5.

OBJECTIVES: Patients requiring chronic anticoagulation therapy (CAT) with warfarin require special attention perioperatively.
The estimated blood loss (123.9 vs 146.6 mL, P = .07) and 24-hour change in hemoglobin (2.2 vs 2.3 g/dL, P = .44) were similar.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18752380 Seto AC, Kenyon K, Wittkowsky AK: Discrepancies in identification of major bleeding events in patients taking warfarin. Pharmacotherapy. 2008 Sep;28(9):1098-103.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Bleeding events were evaluated using three definitions of major bleeding: criteria A-event was fatal or required hospitalization; criteria B-event was fatal, was symptomatic in a critical area or organ, caused a decrease in hemoglobin level of 2 g/dl or more, and/or led to transfusion of 2 or more units of whole blood or red blood cells; and criteria C-event met criteria B definition (but less inclusively identifies critical areas or organs) and/or necessitated surgical or angiographic intervention.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19198584 Cheng J, Vemula N, Gendler S: Small bowel obstruction caused by intramural hemorrhage secondary to anticoagulant therapy. Acta Gastroenterol Belg. 2008 Jul-Sep;71(3):342-4.

An 85-year-old male patient with atrial fibrillation on long-term warfarin presented with nausea and vomiting for 2 days, accompanied with no bowel movement since the onset.
Investigations showed anemia with hemoglobin/ hematocrit of 10 (g/dl) / 30%, prothrombin time with an International Normalized Ratio (INR) of 9.58.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19708536 Shimazu C, Miyazawa Y: [Utilization of panic values in our institution: hematological testing] . Rinsho Byori. 2009 Jul;57(7):665-70.

As the results, a total of four items (SFMC + TAT + D-d + FDP) accounted for 28%, hemoglobin 15%, platelets 10%, INR 9%, APTT 8%, two or more items of CBC 8%, PT+APTT 7%, differential WBC 6%, CBC + differential WBC 5%, WBC 3%, fibrinogen 0.9%, and AT 0.1%.
Regarding diseases and clinical conditions, blood collection-related events accounted for 11.9%, poor management of warfarin administration 9.3%, leukemia and malignant lymphoma 7.7% and chemotherapy 7.4%, and then under-administration of heparin, DIC, the perinatal period, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, severe hepatic disorder, EBV, and acute virus infection, in order of decreasing frequency.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18957002 Crouch MA, Kasirajan V, Cahoon W, Katlaps GJ, Gunnerson KJ: Successful use and dosing of bivalirudin after temporary total artificial heart implantation: a case series. Pharmacotherapy. 2008 Nov;28(11):1413-20.

Additional general monitoring included activated partial thromboplastin time, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen, D-dimer, platelet count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet aggregation studies.
Bivalirudin therapy was continued until successful warfarin implementation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19233401 Pedersen JM, Romundstad PR, Mjones JG, Arum CJ: 2-year followup pressure flow studies of prostate photoselective vaporization using local anesthesia with sedation. J Urol. 2009 Apr;181(4):1794-9. Epub 2009 Feb 23.


MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 150 unselected patients with an average age of 73 years (range 51 to 92) and a mean American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 2.4 (median 2.0), of whom 33% were medicated with acetylsalicylic acid and 5% were on anticoagulation with warfarin.
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18249309 Habib G, Nashashibi M, Khateeb A, Goichman S, Kogan A: Excessive prolongation of prothrombin time among patients treated with warfarin and admitted to the emergency room. Eur J Intern Med. 2008 Mar;19(2):129-34.

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20039992 Kwak JJ, Pak HN, Jang JK, Kim SK, Park JH, Choi JI, Hwang C, Kim YH: Safety and Convenience of Continuous Warfarin Strategy During the Periprocedural Period in Patients Who Underwent Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009 Dec 21.

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20021521 Lee BH, Park JS, Park JH, Park JS, Kwak JJ, Hwang ES, Kim SK, Choi DH, Kim YH, Pak HN: The Effect and Safety of the Antithrombotic Therapies in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation and CHADS Score 1. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2009 Dec 15.


Background: The revised ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guideline recommends either aspirin or warfarin for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in CHADS (2) score 1.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
19680514 Bell TH, Berta D, Ralley F, Macdonald SJ, McCalden RW, Bourne RB, Rorabeck CH, Naudie DD: Factors affecting perioperative blood loss and transfusion rates in primary total joint arthroplasty: a prospective analysis of 1642 patients. Can J Surg. 2009 Aug;52(4):295-301.

RESULTS: The use of dalteparin for postoperative VTE prevention in patients undergoing THA and TKA in 2005 was associated with a significantly greater mean reduction in hemoglobin compared with warfarin use in 2004 (p = 0.014 for patients undergoing THA, p < 0.001 for patients undergoing TKA).
83(1,1,1,3) Details
18656810 Thomas MD, Wood C, Lovett M, Dembo L, O'Driscoll G: Successful treatment of rotary pump thrombus with the glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor tirofiban. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2008 Aug;27(8):925-7.

A 38-year-old woman who underwent rotary LVAD implantation as a bridge to cardiac transplant developed labile flows (4 to > 10 liters), associated with power spikes (4 to 12 watts) and an increase in plasma free hemoglobin (0.86 g/liter), consistent with pump thrombus at Day 140 post-LVAD implantation, despite thromboprophylaxis with aspirin and warfarin.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
18471451 Aggarwal A, Dai D, Rumsfeld JS, Klein LW, Roe MT: Impact of home warfarin use on the treatment and outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2008 May 15;101(10):1413-7. Epub 2008 Mar 17.

Multivariable modeling was used to evaluate the association between home warfarin use and in-hospital mortality and bleeding (requiring blood transfusion and/or prolonging hospital stay and/or causing hemoglobin drop > 3.0 g/dl).
6(0,0,1,1) Details
18721525 Collins N, Piran S, Harrison J, Azevedo E, Oechslin E, Silversides CK: Prevalence and determinants of anemia in adults with complex congenital heart disease and ventricular dysfunction (subaortic right ventricle and single ventricle physiology). Am J Cardiol. 2008 Sep 1;102(5):625-8. Epub 2008 Jun 17.

Hyponatremia, decreased renal function, and the use of warfarin were independent predictors of anemia.
Baseline hemoglobin levels were recorded at the time of the initial clinic visit, and final hemoglobin levels were those recorded before death or transplantation or at study completion.
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19012931 Kefer JC, Turna B, Stein RJ, Desai MM: Safety and efficacy of percutaneous nephrostolithotomy in patients on anticoagulant therapy. J Urol. 2009 Jan;181(1):144-8. Epub 2008 Nov 13.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 792 patients undergoing percutaneous nephrostolithotomy at our institution from 2000 to 2007, and identified 27 on anticoagulation therapy (warfarin, clopidogrel or cilostazol) who underwent surgery after perioperative reversal and reinitiation of anticoagulation.
We subsequently analyzed changes in preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin, serum creatinine and clotting parameters, as well as intraoperative and postoperative bleeding or thromboembolic complications.
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19319147 Foerch C, Arai K, Van Cott EM, van Leyen K, Lo EH: Rapid reversal of anticoagulation reduces hemorrhage volume in a mouse model of warfarin-associated intracerebral hemorrhage. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2009 May;29(5):1015-21. Epub 2009 Mar 25.

Twenty-four hours after hemorrhage induction, hemorrhagic blood volume was quantified using a photometric hemoglobin assay.
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19166684 Mukamal KJ, Wellenius GA, Mittleman MA: Hematologic parameters, atherosclerotic progression, and prognosis in patients with previous coronary artery bypass grafting (from the Post CABG Trial). Am J Cardiol. 2009 Feb 1;103(3):328-32. Epub 2008 Nov 19.

Subjects were randomly assigned to lovastatin in low or high doses and low-dose warfarin or placebo in a factorial design.
White blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin, and platelets were measured at baseline in all subjects.
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