| Name | cytochrome P450 (protein family or complex) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | cytochrome P450; cytochrome P 450; CYP450; CYP 450 |
| Name | hexachlorobenzene |
|---|---|
| CAS | 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorobenzene |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3768314 | Takazawa RS, Strobel HW: Cytochrome P-450 mediated reductive dehalogenation of the perhalogenated aromatic compound hexachlorobenzene. Biochemistry. 1986 Aug 26;25(17):4804-9. |
162(2,2,2,2) | Details |
| 2789443 | van Ommen B, Hendriks W, Bessems JG, Geesink G, Muller F, van Bladeren PJ: The relation between the oxidative biotransformation of hexachlorobenzene and its porphyrinogenic activity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Sep 15;100(3):517-28. This modulation was achieved by selective in vivo inhibition of the major cytochrome P450 isoenzyme involved in both the hydroxylation of hexachlorobenzene and its primary oxidative metabolite, pentachlorophenol. |
113(1,2,2,3) | Details |
| 17526421 | Niimi S, Kim EY, Iwata H, Watanabe MX, Yasunaga G, Fujise Y, Tanabe S: Identification and hepatic expression profiles of cytochrome P450 1-4 isozymes in common minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Aug;147(4):667-81. Epub 2007 Apr 14. To investigate whether or not these CYP expression levels are altered by contamination of organochlorine contaminants (OCs), mRNA levels of these CYPs in the liver of common minke whale were measured using a quantitative real-time RT-PCR method, and the quantified mRNA levels were employed for the statistical analysis with the residue levels of OCs including PCBs, DDTs (p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE), chlordanes (cis-chlordane, trans-chlordane, cis-nonachlor, trans-nonachlor and oxychlordane), HCHs (alpha-, beta- and gamma-isomers) and hexachlorobenzene that have already been reported elsewhere. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1480551 | Ingebrigtsen K, Hektoen H, Andersson T, Klasson Wehler E, Bergman A, Brandt I: Enrichment of metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid of cod (Gadus morhua) following oral administration of hexachlorobenzene and 2,4',5-trichlorobiphenyl. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1992 Dec;71(6):420-5. The activities of cytochrome P-450 and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase in the CNS of cod and rainbow trout were determined in microsomal and mitochondrial fractions. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 6286155 | Goldstein JA, Linko P, Huckins JN, Stalling DL: Structure-activity relationships of chlorinated benzenes as inducers of different forms of cytochrome P-450 in rat liver. Chem Biol Interact. 1982 Aug;41(2):131-9. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) produced increases in ethoxyresorufin (ERR) O-deethylase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) and aminopyrine N-demethylase activities in rat liver phenobarbital which were intermediate between those produced by phenobarbital and 3,4-benzpyrene (BP), alpha-Naphthoflavone (ANF) selectivity inhibited ERR activity in BP and HCB-induced microsomes (94% and 88%). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3879174 | Merk H, von Zittwitz A, Bolsen K, Goerz G: Influence of (+)- on the hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria of rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 1985;35(11):1685-7. The simultaneous treatment of rats with HCB and (+)- decreased the HCB induced cytochrome P-450 content and the aminopyrine-N-demethylase activity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 2856071 | Linko P, Yeowell HN, Gasiewicz TA, Goldstein JA: Induction of cytochrome P-450 isozymes by hexachlorobenzene in rats and aromatic hydrocarbon (Ah)-responsive mice. J Biochem Toxicol. 1986 Jun;1(2):95-107. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) differs markedly from other chlorinated benzenes (CBs) as an inducer of cytochrome P-450 (P-450) isozymes as determined by radioimmunoassay and immunoblotting. |
87(1,1,2,2) | Details |
| 3596751 | Goldstein JA, Linko P, Hahn ME, Gasiewicz TA, Yeowell HN: Structure-activity relationships of chlorinated benzenes as inducers of hepatic cytochrome P-450 isozymes in the rat. IARC Sci Publ. 1986;(77):519-26. This study compared the ability of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and of other chlorinated benzenes to induce cytochrome P-450 isozymes in rat liver. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 7064718 | Holme JA, Dybing E: Induction of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and associated monooxygenases by octachlorostyrene in the rat. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1982 Jan;50(1):41-9. The inducing effects of octachlorostyrene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB), chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants found in fish, on the microsomal cytochrome p-450 system were studied in rats. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 1759844 | Goksoyr A, Husoy AM, Larsen HE, Klungsoyr J, Wilhelmsen S, Maage A, Brevik EM, Andersson T, Celander M, Pesonen M, et al.: Environmental contaminants and biochemical responses in flatfish from the Hvaler Archipelago in Norway. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Nov;21(4):486-96. The levels of several environmental contaminants, including selected polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), organochlorines (DDT/DDE, hexachlorobenzene), 15 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners, and polychlorinated dibenzofurans and dibenzo-p-dioxins, PCDF/PCDD), and heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Pb, and As) were analyzed in muscle and liver of three different flatfish species (dab, Limanda limanda; flounder, Platichthys flesus; plaice, Pleuronectes platessa) caught by gill netting at different sites in the Hvaler Archipelago. Indices of biochemical effects in liver S9-fractions were studied by measuring cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase activities, and by immunoquantitating cytochrome P450 1A1 using an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3779880 | van Ommen B, Adang A, Muller F, van Bladeren PJ: The microsomal metabolism of pentachlorophenol and its covalent binding to protein and DNA. Chem Biol Interact. 1986 Oct 15;60(1):1-11. All other inducers tested (hexachlorobenzene (HCB), phenobarbital (PB) and 3-methylcholanthrene (3MC) gave 2--3-fold increases over control. There are indications that the 1,2- and 1,4-isomers are produced in different ratio's by various cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes: Microsomes from PB- and HCB-treated rats produced the tetrachloro-1,4- and tetrachloro-1,2- in a ratio of about 2, while microsomes from rats induced with 3 MC and ISF showed a ratio of about 1.3. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 6655732 | Franklin RB, Breger RK, Lech JJ: Comparative effects of hexachloro- and hexabromobenzene on hepatic monooxygenase activity of male and female rats. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Aug-Sep;12(2-3):223-34. Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were treated once with either crude or purified hexachlorobenzene (HCB) or crude or purified hexabromobenzene (HBB) at 150 mg/kg, intraperitoneally. Examination of hepatic microsomes 4 d later revealed an increase in cytochrome P-450 levels in both HCB- and HBB-pretreated animals. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7635426 | Sinclair PR, Gorman N, Sinclair JF, Walton HS, Bement WJ, Lambrecht RW: inhibits chemically induced uroporphyria in -requiring rats. Hepatology. 1995 Aug;22(2):565-72. In ODS rats fed at 90 but not 900 ppm in the diet, hexachlorobenzene caused hepatic URO accumulation, indicating that the effect of is not unique to the regimen using methylcholanthrene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 719999 | Blekkenhorst GH, Eales L, Pimstone NR: The nature of hepatic cytochrone P-450 induced in hexachlorobenzene-fed rats. Clin Sci Mol Med. 1978 Nov;55(5):461-9. Study in vitro of the kinetics of two reactions, namely aminopyrine N-demethylation and 3,4-benzpyrene hydroxylation, catalysed by the hepatic microsomal cytochrom P-450-dependent enzyme system, suggested that hexachlorobenzene induced a form of cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme system, suggested that hexachlorobenzene induced a form of cytochrome P-450 with different catalytic properties from those of forms induced by either phenobarbital or 3-methylcholanthrene. |
44(0,1,3,4) | Details |
| 3981666 | Carpenter HM, Williams DE, Buhler DR: A comparison of the effects of hexachlorobenzene, beta-naphthoflavone, and phenobarbital on cytochrome P-450 and mixed-function oxidases in Japanese quail. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1985;15(1):93-108. |
33(0,1,1,3) | Details |
| 6978749 | Damen FJ, Mier PD: Cytochrome P-450-dependent O-dealkylase activity in mammalian skin. . Br J Pharmacol. 1982 Jan;75(1):123-7. 1 A modified technique for the measurement of O-dealkylase (ODA) activity in crude homogenates is reported, and its application to skin is described. 2 Large differences in ODA levels were found between different species, no activity being observed in the skin of primates. 3 Induction of cutaneous ODA in mice was achieved by the subcutaneous injection of phenobarbitone, hexachlorobenzene or 20-methylcholanthrene. 4 Attempts to induce ODA in vitro were unsuccessful. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7064495 | Thier W, Bolsen K, Goerz G: [Influence of silymarin and (+)--3 on the HCB-induced porphyria in rats (author's transl)]. Z Gastroenterol. 1982 Jan;20(1):40-6. Adult female Wistar rats were fed continuously over a period of 65 days with a diet containing 0.05% hexachlorobenzene (HCB), silymarin (100 mg/kg) or (+)--3 (150 mg/kg) alone or together with HCB. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 4015737 | Lissner R, Brunner W, Bolsen K, Merk H, Goerz G: Influence of on the hexachlorobenzene induced porphyria in rats. Arzneimittelforschung. 1985;35(4):713-5. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 6584878 | Kappas A, Anderson KE, Conney AH, Pantuck EJ, Fishman J, Bradlow HL: Nutrition-endocrine interactions: induction of reciprocal changes in the delta 4-5 alpha-reduction of and the cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidation of by dietary macronutrients in man. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(24):7646-9. Similar changes in steroid delta 4-5 alpha-reduction and cytochrome P-450-dependent chemical oxidations have been observed in circumstances in which the mixed-function oxidase system in liver is induced by agents such as phenobarbital, hexachlorobenzene, dioxin, and polyhalogenated biphenyls. |
33(0,1,1,3) | Details |
| 9184351 | Mizell M, Romig ES: The aquatic vertebrate embryo as a sentinel for toxins: zebrafish embryo dechorionation and perivitelline space microinjection. Int J Dev Biol. 1997 Apr;41(2):411-23. Hexachlorobenzene- and TCDD-treated embryos tested positively for expression of cytochrome P450 1A indicating that the cytochrome metabolic pathways were already functional in these early embryos, and suggested that a product of the cytochrome system may be involved in HCB and TCDD pollution associated cardiovascular defects. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 2361191 | Rizzardini M, Cantoni L, Villa P, Ubezio P: Biochemical, morphological and flow-cytometric evaluation of the effects of hexachlorobenzene on rat liver. Cell Biol Toxicol. 1990 Apr;6(2):185-203. Treatment caused marked hepatomegaly, increase of microsomal proteins and cytochrome P-450 content and reduction of hepatocyte microviscosity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 6967322 | Goerz G, Sick N, Vizethum W, Lissner R, Krieg T: [Influence of on the hexachlorobenzene induced porphyria in the rat (author's transl)]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30(5):817-21. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 1677847 | Tyle H, Egsmose M, Harrit N: Mixed-function oxygenase in juvenile rainbow trout exposed to hexachlorobenzene or 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1991;100(1-2):161-4. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 8975635 | Machala M, Matlova L, Svoboda I, Nezveda K: Induction effects of polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and other widespread aromatic environmental pollutants on microsomal monooxygenase activities in chick embryo liver. Arch Toxicol. 1996;70(6):362-7. Cytochrome P450-dependent 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), 7-pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase (ECOD) activities in 14-day-old chick embryo livers were determined 24 h after pretreatment with selected widespread aromatic environmental contaminants, including polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), hexachlorobenzene, and dialkylesters of and compared with the inducing potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and the coplanar and mono-o-chlorinated PCBs. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 3729973 | Stewart FP, Smith AG: Metabolism of the "mixed" cytochrome P-450 inducer hexachlorobenzene by rat liver microsomes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Jul 1;35(13):2163-70. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 6439214 | Carpenter HM, Williams DE, Henderson MC, Bender RC, Buhler DR: Hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in Japanese quail. Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 Dec 1;33(23):3875-81. In an effort to determine the role that metabolism by the cytochrome P-450 system plays in the development of hexachlorobenzene (HCB)-induced porphyria, Japanese quail were pretreated with either beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) or phenobarbital (PB) and then treated with HCB. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 736603 | Goerz G, Vizethum W, Bolsen K, Krieg T, Lissner R: [Hexachlorbenzene (HCB) induced porphyria in rats. Arch Dermatol Res. 1978 Nov 10;263(2):189-96. Female adult Wistar rats were fed with a diet containing 0.05% hexachlorobenzene (HCB) or its metabolites, pentachlorobenzene (PCB) and pentachlorphenole (PCP). These chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons produced an increase in the liver cytochrome P-450 content in about the same degree, however, only the application of HCB showed an extremely high rise in the P-450 enzymatic activity expressed in terms of the O-dealkylation of 7-Ethoxycoumarine. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3872633 | Goerz G, Bolsen K, Merk H: Influence of chloroquine on the metabolism. . Arch Dermatol Res. 1985;277(2):114-7. Rats were treated with the well-known porphyrogen hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to induce experimental porphyria. The influence of chloroquine on the HCB-induced increase of the cytochrome P-450 content and the dependent enzymatic activities were different. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1850174 | Visser O, van den Berg JW, Koole-Lesuis H, Voortman G, Wilson JH: synthesis by human hepatocytes and HepG2 cells--effects of enzyme inducers and Toxicology. 1991 Mar 25;67(1):75-83. After treatment with hexachlorobenzene, 3-methylcholanthrene, phenobarbital or was the predominating accumulating in presence of |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11201668 | Michielsen C, Boeren S, Rietjens I, van Mil F, Vos J, Bloksma N: The biotransformation pathway of hexachlorobenzene is not involved in the induction of splenomegaly, or skin and lung lesions in the Brown Norway rat. Arch Toxicol. 2000 Dec;74(10):609-17. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 8448415 | Jarrell JF, McMahon A, Villeneuve D, Franklin C, Singh A, Valli VE, Bartlett S: Hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the monkey primordial germ cell without induced porphyria. Reprod Toxicol. 1993;7(1):41-7. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 9657283 | Stonard MD, Poli G, De Matteis F: Stimulation of liver heme oxygenase in hexachlorobenzene-induced hepatic porphyria. Arch Toxicol. 1998 May;72(6):355-61. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 891100 | Louw M, Neethling AC, Percy VA, Carstens M, Shanley BC: Effects of hexachlorobenzene feeding and iron overload on enzymes of haem biosynthesis and cytochrome P 450 in rat liver. Clin Sci Mol Med. 1977 Aug;53(2):111-5. |
20(0,0,3,5) | Details |
| 317704 | Vizethum W, Goerz G: Induction of the hepatic microsomal and nuclear cytochrome P-450 system by hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorophenol and trichlorophenol. Chem Biol Interact. 1979 Dec;28(2-3):291-9. |
15(0,0,2,5) | Details |
| 3596752 | Li SM, Denomme MA, Leece B, Safe S, Dutton D, Parkinson A, Thomas PE, Ryan D, Bandiera S, Reik LM, et al.: Hexachlorobenzene and substituted pentachlorobenzenes (X-C6Cl5) as inducers of hepatic cytochrome P-450-dependent mono-oxygenases. IARC Sci Publ. 1986;(77):527-34. |
15(0,0,2,5) | Details |
| 2425856 | Gutkina NI, Mishin VM, Liakhovich VV: [Induction of the phenobarbital form of cytochrome P-450 by chemically unrelated compounds]. Biokhimiia. 1986 Jul;51(7):1223-9. The induction of the phenobarbital form of cytochrome P-450 by xenobiotics (phenobarbital, PB, hexachlorobenzene, HCB; hexachlorocyclohexane. |
12(0,0,1,7) | Details |
| 7395266 | Vizethum W, Burkhardt F, Goerz G: Enzymic and electrophoretic characterization of the hexachlorobenzene-induced cytochrome P-450 in the liver of rat. Xenobiotica. 1980 Feb;10(2):145-50. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 3085962 | Gutkina NI, Mishin VM: Immunochemical evidences that hexachlorobenzene induces two forms of cytochrome P-450 in the rat liver microsomes. Chem Biol Interact. 1986 Apr;58(1):57-68. |
9(0,0,1,4) | Details |
| 18001809 | Kumar V, Chakraborty A, Viswanath G, Roy P: Androgenic endocrine disruptors in wastewater treatment plant effluents in India: their influence on reproductive processes and systemic toxicity in male rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Jan 1;226(1):60-73. Epub 2007 Sep 5. Analysis of water samples using HPLC and GC-MS showed the presence of various compounds and from them, four prominent aromatic compounds viz. nonylphenol, hexachlorobenzene and two equivalents, were identified. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis demonstrated a significant change in the expression patterns of the major steroidogenic enzymes in and testis: cytochrome P450 (SCC), cytochrome P450 (C17), 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 201821 | Ishikawa T, McNeeley S, Steiner PM, Glueck CJ, Mellies M, Gartside PS, McMillin C: Effects of chlorinated hydrocarbon on plasma alpha-lipoprotein in rats. Metabolism. 1978 Jan;27(1):89-96. Ten chlorinated hydrocarbons (tetradifon, Chlorobenzilate, Kepone, lindane, Kelthane, toxaphene, dieldrin, hexachlorobenzene, dienochlor, and Aroclor 1254; see below) were evaluated in rats to assess agents which might selectively elevate high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (C-HDL). The hepatic microsomal cytochrome P-450 content of animals receiving Aroclor, dieldrin, and Kepone was 67%, 56%, and 44% higher than control values (p less than 0.02), indicating probable hepatic enzyme induction. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 907369 | Goerz G, Krieg T, Bolsen K, Lissner R: [Long time HCB exposition of rats: influence on the excretion in the urine and on the cytochrome P-450 in the liver (author's transl)]. Arch Dermatol Res. 1977 Aug 22;259(2):199-206. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7197951 | Goerz G, Bolsen K, Staib AH, Lissner R: [Influence of on hexachlorobenzene induced porphyria (author's transl)]. Arzneimittelforschung. 1981;31(9):1446-7. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 3878414 | Carpenter HM, Williams DE, Buhler DR: Hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in Japanese quail: an in vitro study of changes in cytochrome P-450 and monooxygenases. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1985;16(2):207-17. |
9(0,0,1,4) | Details |
| 4002661 | Mishin VM, Gutkina NI: [Hexachlorobenzene induction of 2 forms of cytochrome P-450 in the rat liver microsome]. Vopr Med Khim. 1985 Mar-Apr;31(2):68-72. |
8(0,0,1,3) | Details |
| 2510602 | Rodman LE, Shedlofsky SI, Swim AT, Robertson LW: Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on cytochrome P450 induction in the chick embryo hepatocyte culture. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Nov 15;275(1):252-62. |
8(0,0,0,8) | Details |
| 2539049 | Hahn ME, Goldstein JA, Linko P, Gasiewicz TA: Interaction of hexachlorobenzene with the receptor for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in vitro and in vivo. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989 Apr;270(1):344-55. Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) produces hepatic porphyria and induces the hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes P450c (P450IA1) and P450d (P450IA2) in rodents. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 9439713 | Sinclair PR, Walton HS, Gorman N, Jacobs JM, Sinclair JF: Multiple roles of polyhalogenated biphenyls in causing increases in cytochrome P450 and uroporphyrin accumulation in cultured hepatocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Dec;147(2):171-9. The new protocol, with postinduction TCB, using URO accumulation as the end point, greatly increased the sensitivity of the culture system for detection of PHAHs with EC50s (nM) for 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), TCB, 3,3',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl, MC, and hexachlorobenzene being about 0.003, 0.11, 0.75, 3.5, and 30, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 233 | Ivanov E, Krustev L, Adjarov D, Chernev K, Apostolov I, Dimitrov P, Drenska E, Stefanova M, Pramatarova V: Studies on the mechanism of the changes in serum and liver gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity. Enzyme. 1976;21(1):8-20. The high correlation coefficient between liver gamma-GT, cytochrome P-450 and synthase witnesses a hexachlorobenzene-induced gamma-GT formation in the liver. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 7126264 | Holme JA, Dybing E: Induction of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and associated monooxygenases by octachlorostyrene in inbred strains of mice. Biochem Pharmacol. 1982 Aug 1;31(15):2523-9. Single intraperitoneal injections of octachlorostyrene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene in genetically polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon "responsive' C57/BL/6 (B6) mice led to a time- and dose-dependent increase in the levels of liver microsomal cytochromes P-450 and b5 as well as in the activities of cytochrome P-450 (cytochrome c) reductase, ethylmorphine (EM) N-demethylase, 4-nitroanisole (PNA) O-demethylase and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (AcA hydroxylase). |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 6618147 | Campbell MA, Gyorkos J, Leece B, Homonko K, Safe S: The effects of twenty-two organochlorine pesticides as inducers of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. Gen Pharmacol. 1983;14(4):445-54. The effects of 22 organohalogen pesticides as inducers of hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes in the immature male Wistar rat have been determined, this group includes four isomeric hexachlorocyclohexanes, technical chlordane, alpha-chlordane, gamma-chlordane, oxychlordane, trans-nonachlor, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, aldrin, dieldrin, kepone, toxaphene, mirex, hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and several DDT analogs. With the exception of HCB, all of the pesticides induced microsomal dimethylaminoantipyrine, N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities and the cytochrome P-450 content of microsomes from animals pretreated with most of the compounds was also increased compared to control rats. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 475442 | Goerz G, Vizethum W, Tsambaos D: Cutaneous cytochrome P-450 activity during hexachlorobenzene-induced experimental porphyria in rats. Arch Dermatol Res. 1979 May 29;265(1):111-4. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 3271868 | Smith AG, Francis JE, Bird I: Distinction between octachlorostyrene and hexachlorobenzene in their potentials to induce ethoxyphenoxazone deethylase and cause porphyria in rats and mice. J Biochem Toxicol. 1986 Mar;1(1):105-17. The potentials of octachlorostyrene (OCS) and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) to induce liver microsomal ethoxyphenoxazone deethylation (an indicator of induction of 3-methylcholanthrene and beta-naphthoflavone-like cytochrome P-450 monoxygenase activity) and cause porphyria in male C57BL/6 and C57BL/10 mice and female F344 rats were compared. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 525897 | Elissalde MH Jr, Clark DE: metabolism by hexachlorobenzene-induced hepatic microsomal enzymes. Am J Vet Res. 1979 Dec;40(12):1762-6. Significant increases in the mean hepatic weight, the concentrations of hepatic microsomal protein, cytochrome P-450, cytochrome b5, and cytochrome c reductase activity occurred in the aminals given a ration containing 250 mg of hexachlorobenzene/kg for 21 days, when compared with their nontreated controls. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 9439724 | Franklin MR, Phillips JD, Kushner JP: Cytochrome P450 induction, uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase depression, accumulation and excretion, and gender influence in a 3-week rat model of porphyria cutanea tarda. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Dec;147(2):289-99. When hexachlorobenzene was substituted for Aroclor 1254 treatment in female rats, URO-D activity was 61 and 69% of normal (with and without iron loading, respectively) and liver concentrations were 96 and 25 micrograms/g, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8330354 | Smith AG, Carthew P, Francis JE, Cabral JR, Manson MM: Enhancement by iron of hepatic neoplasia in rats caused by hexachlorobenzene. Carcinogenesis. 1993 Jul;14(7):1381-7. Studies of cytochrome P450 mediated activities showed that at 5 and 15 weeks HCB had induced EROD (an estimate of CYP1A1), PROD (CYP2B1 activity) and BROD activities (CYP2B1 but also other isoenzymes). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3022430 | Nikolaev V, Naydenova E, Kerimova M, Dimov S, Ivanov E: Rat liver plasma membrane damage in hexachlorobenzene intoxication and its potentiation by Toxicol Lett. 1986 Sep;32(3):269-73. Chronic feeding of male Wistar rats with food containing hexachlorobenzene (HCB) at 17.5 mmol/kg induced elevation of serum amino-transferases and content, increase of microsomal cytochrome P-450 concentration, and decrease of 5'-nucleotidase, K+,Na+- and Mg2+- triphosphatase activities in liver plasma membrane preparations. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 3952775 | Rozman K, Gorski JR, Rozman P, Parkinson A: Reduced serum thyroid hormone levels in hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria. Toxicol Lett. 1986 Jan;30(1):71-8. At the end of the experiment (day 97), the concentration of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 and cytochrome bs and the activity of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase, aminopyrine-N-demethylase and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase were significantly induced, whereas the activity of -cytochrome c reductase and benzo [a] pyrene hydroxylase was not. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1008481 | Blekkenhorst GH, Pimstone NR, Webber BL, Eales L: Hepatic haem metabolism in porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT): enzymatic studies and their relation to liver ultrastructure. Ann Clin Res. 1976;8 Suppl 17:108-21. In this study the ability of liver homogenates to metabolise aminopyrine and benzpyrene was correlated with hepatic cytochrome P-450 levels and with liver ultrastructure. The role of iron in PCT was studied indirectly using the hexachlorobenzene porphyric rat as the rodent model. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17189629 | Meeker JD, Altshul L, Hauser R: Serum PCBs, p,p'-DDE and HCB predict thyroid hormone levels in men. Environ Res. 2007 Jun;104(2):296-304. Epub 2006 Dec 26. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CYP, cytochrome P450; DDT, 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethane; HCB, hexachlorobenzene; MDL, method detection limit; NHANES, national health and nutrition examination survey: p,p (')-DDE, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene; PCB, polychlorinated biphenyl; T (3), T (4), thryoxine; TSH, thyroid stimulating hormone (thyrotrophin); US, United States. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 6812933 | Marks GS, Zelt DT, Cole SP: Alterations in the heme biosynthetic pathway as an index of exposure to toxins. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 1982 Jul;60(7):1017-26. For example, porphyrinuria was an early manifestation of a hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria outbreak in Turkey. A wide variety of xenobiotics interact with the prosthetic heme of cytochrome P-450 forming novel N-alkylporphyrins. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 241261 | Reynolds ES, Moslen MT, Szabo S, Jaeger RJ, Murphy SD: Hepatotoxicity of vinyl and 1,1-dichloroethylene. Am J Pathol. 1975 Oct;81(1):219-36. The degree of injury, as indicated by elevation of serum enzymes derived from the liver, correlates with the magnitude of induction of cytochrome P-450 and its reduction by |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 2698318 | van Ommen B, van Bladeren PJ: Possible reactive intermediates in the oxidative biotransformation of hexachlorobenzene. Drug Metabol Drug Interact. 1989;7(2-3):213-43. Evidence is presented for the direct involvement of certain cytochrome P-450 isoenzymes in the major toxic effect of hexachlorobenzene, hepatic porphyria. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 2628050 | Green JA, Francis JE, Wolf CR, Manson MM, Smith AG: Sexual dimorphism of cytochrome P-450 induction by hexachlorobenzene in rats. Biochem Soc Trans. 1989 Dec;17(6):1016-7. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 6851976 | Rush GF, Smith JH, Maita K, Bleavins M, Aulerich RJ, Ringer RK, Hook JB: Perinatal hexachlorobenzene toxicity in the mink. Environ Res. 1983 Jun;31(1):116-24. Hepatic cytochrome P-450 and ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase were significantly increased 2.0- and 1.5-fold, respectively, in the 5-ppm treatment group. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3899520 | Marks GS: Exposure to toxic agents: the heme biosynthetic pathway and hemoproteins as indicator. Crit Rev Toxicol. 1985;15(2):151-79. For example, an increase in erythrocyte is a useful measurement for early detection of exposure to lead and porphyrinuria was an early manifestation of a hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in Turkey. Moreover, different xenobiotics (e.g., dihydropyridines and compounds containing unsaturated carbon-carbon bonds) interact with the prosthetic heme of cytochrome P-450 forming novel N-alkylporphyrins. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3619633 | Nikolaev V, Naydenova E, Kerimova M, Dimov S, Ivanov E, Tchernev K: Interaction between diet and on rat liver microsomal induction and liver plasma membrane damage in chronic hexachlorobenzene intoxication. Arch Toxicol. 1987;60(1-3):112-4. Male Wistar rats fed for 60 days diet containing 17.5 mmol hexachlorobenzene/kg show a less pronounced increase in serum parameters and microsomal cytochrome P-450 concentration and a lower decrease in liver plasma membrane 5'-nucleotidase, K+, Na+- and Mg++- triphosphatase activities than the controls fed standard diet + hexachlorobenzene. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 11804067 | Wolkers H, Burkow IC, Hammill MO, Lydersen C, Witkamp RF: Transfer of polychlorinated biphenyls and chlorinated pesticides from mother to pup in relation to cytochrome P450 enzyme activities in harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) from the gulf of St. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2002 Jan;21(1):94-101. Contaminant transfer from blubber to milk in females favored the more polar compounds (lower chlorinated PCBs, toxaphenes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, and hexachlorobenzene) relative to more lipophilic compounds (higher chlorinated PCBs, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane [DDT], chlordane). |
6(0,0,0,6) | Details |
| 6721832 | Wainstok de Calmanovici R, Rios de Molina MC, Taira de Yamasato MC, Tomio JM, San Martin de Viale LC: Mechanism of hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in rats. Biochem J. 1984 Mar 15;218(3):753-63. Cytochrome P-450 contents were immediately and slightly enhanced by all the drugs, but the values for the combined treatment were the lowest. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3302669 | Kelley M, Hantelle P, Safe S, Levin W, Thomas PE: Co-induction of cytochrome P-450 isozymes in rat liver by 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl or 3-methoxy-4-aminoazobenzene. Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Aug;32(1):206-11. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3629612 | Cantoni L, Rizzardini M, Tacconi MT, Graziani A: Comparison of hexachlorobenzene-induced alterations of microsomal membrane composition and monooxygenase activity in male and female rats. Toxicology. 1987 Sep;45(3):291-305. Cytochrome P-450 was induced more in male than in female animals while cytochrome b5 was induced only in males. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18569610 | Wolkers H, Krafft BA, van Bavel B, Helgason LB, Lydersen C, Kovacs KM: Biomarker responses and decreasing contaminant levels in ringed seals (Pusa hispida) from Svalbard, Norway. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2008;71(15):1009-18. Blubber was analyzed for a wide range of contaminants from five sub-adult and eight adult male ringed seals sampled in 2004, namely, for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), toxaphenes, chlordanes, dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), and polybrominated diphenylethers (PBDEs). The PCB pattern shifted toward the less chlorinated (i.e., less persistent) PCBs, especially in adult ringed seals, possibly as a result of reduced overall contaminant exposures and a consequently lower cytochrome P-450 (CYP) induction, which results in a slower metabolism of less persistent PCBs. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 4032490 | Carpenter HM, Williams DE, Buhler DR: Hexachlorobenzene-induced porphyria in Japanese quail: changes in microsomal enzymes. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1985;15(3-4):431-44. Changes included elevation of microsomal protein concentrations and increases in the specific content of cytochrome P-450, in the activities of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH), biphenyl hydroxylase (BPH), ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), and ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase (ECOD), and in cytosolic and microsomal glutathione S-transferase (GSH-t) levels. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 2273443 | Kato Y, Konishi S, Yamada S, Kimura R: Effects of -containing metabolites of hexachlorobenzene on the heme metabolic enzymes in rat liver. J Pharmacobiodyn. 1990 May;13(5):278-84. A single injection of HCB caused the increase in activities of (ALA) synthetase and heme oxygenase, and contents of cytochrome P-450 and total heme. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17455915 | Hackett JC, Sanan TT, Hadad CM: Oxidative dehalogenation of perhalogenated benzenes by cytochrome P450 compound I. Biochemistry. 2007 May 22;46(20):5924-40. Epub 2007 Apr 25. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11231299 | Jones JP, O'Hare EJ, Wong LL: Oxidation of polychlorinated benzenes by genetically engineered CYP101 (cytochrome P450 (cam)). Eur J Biochem. 2001 Mar;268(5):1460-7. Increasing the active-site hydrophobicity with the Y96F mutation increased the activity up to 100-fold, and both pentachlorobenzene and hexachlorobenzene were oxidized slowly to pentachlorophenol. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9208168 | Rietjens IM, den Besten C, Hanzlik RP, van Bladeren PJ: Cytochrome P450-catalyzed oxidation of halobenzene derivatives. Chem Res Toxicol. 1997 Jun;10(6):629-35. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3800966 | Smith AG, Francis JE, Kay SJ, Greig JB, Stewart FP: Mechanistic studies of the inhibition of hepatic uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase in C57BL/10 mice by iron-hexachlorobenzene synergism. Biochem J. 1986 Sep 15;238(3):871-8. Although, in further studies, total microsomal cytochrome P-450 content and ethoxyphenoxazone de-ethylase activity reached a peak a few days after dosing and had declined significantly at the time of maximum inhibition of the decarboxylase, additional treatment of HCB-dosed mice with a cytochrome P1-450 inducer, beta-naphthoflavone, enhanced the inhibition, whereas piperonyl butoxide, an inhibitor of cytochrome P-450, partially protected. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 827338 | Stonard MD, Greig JB: Different patterns of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity produced by administration of pure hexachlorobiphenyl isomers and hexachlorobenzene. Chem Biol Interact. 1976 Dec;15(4):365-79. From measurements of activities of microsomal drug oxidations in vitro, the durations of pharmacological actions of certain drugs in vivo and spectral shifts associated with cytochrome P-450 it is shown that the three pure hexachlorobiphenyl isomers initially produce changes in hepatic microsomal activity which resemble those seen after treatment with phenobarbitone (PB). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3138981 | Lambrecht RW, Sinclair PR, Bement WJ, Sinclair JF, Carpenter HM, Buhler DR, Urquhart AJ, Elder GH: Hepatic uroporphyrin accumulation and uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity in cultured chick-embryo hepatocytes and in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and mice treated with polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. Biochem J. 1988 Jul 1;253(1):131-8. Other compounds, such as hexachlorobenzene, parathion, carbamazepine and nifedipine, which have been shown previously to cause uroporphyrin accumulation in these cells, did not decrease uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity. Our results with chick hepatocytes and quail, showing uroporphyrin accumulation without a decrease in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity, are consistent with a new two-stage model of the uroporphyria: initially uroporphyrinogen is oxidized by a cytochrome P-450-mediated reaction, followed in rodents by a progressive decrease in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase activity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8748681 | Rietjens IM, Steensma A, Den Besten C, van Tintelen G, Haas J, van Ommen B, van Bladeren PJ: Comparative biotransformation of hexachlorobenzene and hexafluorobenzene in relation to the induction of porphyria. Eur J Pharmacol. 1995 Dec 7;293(4):293-9. Metabolite patterns in the urine of exposed rats were determined to quantify the extent of metabolism through cytochrome P450 catalysed oxidation and conjugation. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 2238708 | Smith AG, De Matteis F: Oxidative injury mediated by the hepatic cytochrome P-450 system in conjunction with cellular iron. Xenobiotica. 1990 Sep;20(9):865-77. Some polyhalogenated aromatic chemicals such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin, brominated and chlorinated biphenyls, and hexachlorobenzene cause in humans, animals and hepatocyte systems a partial block in haem biosynthesis leading to accumulation and excretion of uroporphyrin, the oxidation product of the unstable biosynthetic intermediate uroporphyrinogen. 2. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 2930512 | Jacobs JM, Sinclair PR, Bement WJ, Lambrecht RW, Sinclair JF, Goldstein JA: Oxidation of uroporphyrinogen by methylcholanthrene-induced cytochrome P-450. Biochem J. 1989 Feb 15;258(1):247-53. Treatment of rats with methylcholanthrene, hexachlorobenzene and o-aminoazotoluene increased uroporphyrinogen oxidation and P-450d, whereas phenobarbital did not increase either. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 9675710 | Umegaki K, Ikegami S: Feeding fish oil to rats accelerates the metabolism of hexachlorobenzene. . J Nutr Sci Vitaminol. 1998 Apr;44(2):301-11. The hepatic cytochrome P-450 content in the fish oil group was higher than that in the other groups. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11460723 | Zapata-Perez O, Sima-Alvarez R, Norena-Barroso E, Guemes J, Gold-Bouchot G, Ortega A, Albores-Medina A: Toxicity of sediments from Bahia de Chetumal, Mexico, as assessed by hepatic EROD induction and histology in nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Mar Environ Res. 2000 Jul-Dec;50(1-5):385-91. Total cytochrome P-450 and EROD activity were measured in fish liver. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15808524 | Billi de Catabbi SC, Faletti A, Fuentes F, San Martin de Viale LC, Cochon AC: Hepatic arachidonic acid metabolism is disrupted after hexachlorobenzene treatment. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Apr 15;204(2):187-95. In the present study, liver microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP)-dependent (AA) metabolism, hepatic PGE production, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) activity were investigated in an experimental model of porphyria cutanea tarda induced by HCB. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 9192204 | Almeida MG, Fanini F, Davino SC, Aznar AE, Koch OR, Barros SB: Pro- and anti-oxidant parameters in rat liver after short-term exposure to hexachlorobenzene. Hum Exp Toxicol. 1997 May;16(5):257-61. After 30 days of treatment, HCB (25 mg/kg b.w.) promotes an induction of microsomal cytochrome P450 system, increase in microsomal generation accompanied by increased levels of liver lipid peroxidation, as measured by the production of thiobarbituric acid reactants and by spontaneous visible chemiluminescence. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12144248 | Kumar KS, Kannan K, Giesy JP, Masunaga S: Distribution and elimination of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, and p,p'-DDE in tissues of bald eagles from the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Environ Sci Technol. 2002 Jul 1;36(13):2789-96. Eagles with elevated 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or total PCB concentrations tended to have great TCDD/TCDF or PCB126/PCB77 ratios, hypothesized to be due to induction of cytochrome P450 enzymes and subsequent metabolism of TCDF and PCB77. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 2575289 | Kitchin KT, Brown JL: Biochemical studies of promoters of carcinogenesis in rat liver. . Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1989;9(5):273-85. Adult female rats were orally dosed with 1/5 to 3/5 the published LD50 of either promoters or putative promoters of carcinogenesis [hexachlorobenzene (HCB), alpha-hexachlorocyclohexane (alpha-HCH), kepone and toxaphene] or noncarcinogens [coumaphos, EDTA, caprolactam, 8-hydroxyquinoline, titanium (IV) oxide, diethyldithiocarbamate (DEDTC), and at 21 and 4 h before sacrifice. The seven noncarcinogens produced several biochemical effects at doses of 1/5 the LD50: increased serum alanine aminotransferase activity (SGPT) (caprolactam and DEDTC), decreased hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (DEDTC), and increased hepatic ODC activity (8-hydroxyquinoline and DEDTC). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 8517864 | Roos PH, Golub-Ciosk B, Kallweit P, Kauczinski D, Hanstein WG: Formation of ligand and metabolite complexes as a means for selective quantitation of cytochrome P450 isozymes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Jun 9;45(11):2239-50. P450 3A levels in liver microsomes of male rats either untreated or treated with TAO, dexamethasone (DEX), phenobarbital or hexachlorobenzene amount to 13%, 78%, 66%, 24% and 11% of total P450, respectively. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 2173599 | Smith AG, Francis JE, Green JA, Greig JB, Wolf CR, Manson MM: Sex-linked hepatic uroporphyria and the induction of cytochromes P450IA in rats caused by hexachlorobenzene and polyhalogenated biphenyls. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Nov 1;40(9):2059-68. Levels of total cytochrome P450 and pentoxyresorufin and benzyloxyresorufin dealkylase activities (associated with cytochrome P450IIB1) were greater in microsomes from control, HCB, PCB and PBB treated male rats than females. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3178718 | Urquhart AJ, Elder GH, Roberts AG, Lambrecht RW, Sinclair PR, Bement WJ, Gorman N, Sinclair JA: Uroporphyria produced in mice by 20-methylcholanthrene and Biochem J. 1988 Jul 15;253(2):357-62. Continuous administration of ALA markedly accelerates the onset of porphyria in iron-loaded male C57BL/6 mice after a single intraperitoneal dose of hexachlorobenzene (200 mg/kg); mice given phenobarbitone and ALA do not become porphyric. At least two separate events are needed to produce uroporphyria in mammals: induction of a specific form of cytochrome P-450 and stimulation of the formation of intermediates of haem biosynthesis in the liver. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |