Protein Information

Name protein is
Synonyms ANX 2; p36; LIP 2; LIP2; ANX2; ANX2L4; ANX2P1; ANX2P2…

Compound Information

Name sodium azide
CAS sodium azide

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12893836 Dallas S, Zhu X, Baruchel S, Schlichter L, Bendayan R: Functional expression of the multidrug resistance protein 1 in microglia. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Oct;307(1):282-90. Epub 2003 Jul 31.

These results provide strong evidence that the MRP1 protein is both expressed and functional in microglia cells.
Vincristine accumulation by monolayers of MLS-9 cells increased significantly in the presence of several well established MRP1 inhibitors (MK571, genistein, sulfinpyrazone, probenecid, and indomethacin), protease inhibitors, or the ATPase inhibitor sodium azide.
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7851746 Klein M, Hofmann B, Klose M, Freudl R: Isolation and characterization of a Bacillus subtilis secA mutant allele conferring resistance to sodium azide. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994 Dec 15;124(3):393-7.

Our results strongly suggest that, like the situation in Escherichia coli, the B. subtilis SecA protein is a main target for the lethal action of sodium azide.
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12076822 Tsang JS, Sze J: Sec-dependent and Sec-independent translocation of haloacid dehalogenase Chd1 of Burkholderia cepacia MBA4 in Escherichia coli. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2002 Jun 4;211(2):259-64.

This recombinant protein is unusual in having a long leader sequence, a property of periplasmic enzymes.
The results on the expression of Chd1 in the presence of sodium azide suggested the cleavage of the leader to be Sec-dependent.
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10858207 Kim TS, Jung Y, Na BK, Kim KS, Chung PR: Molecular cloning and expression of Cu/Zn-containing superoxide dismutase from Fasciola hepatica. Infect Immun. 2000 Jul;68(7):3941-8.

Staining of native polyacrylamide gel for SOD activity of the expressed protein revealed SOD activity that was inactivated by potassium cyanide and hydrogen peroxide but not by sodium azide.
This means that the presence of the recombinant fusion protein is indicative of Cu/Zn-SOD.
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7973633 Yuan J, Henry R, McCaffery M, Cline K: SecA homolog in protein transport within chloroplasts: evidence for endosymbiont-derived sorting. Science. 1994 Nov 4;266(5186):796-8.


The SecA protein is an essential, azide-sensitive component of the bacterial protein translocation machinery.
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18953033 Beaudoin ME, Poirel VJ, Krushel LA: Regulating amyloid precursor protein synthesis through an internal ribosomal entry site. Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Dec;36(21):6835-47. Epub 2008 Oct 25.


Expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP) is critical to the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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10836986 Lemmens R, Kupers L, Sevigny J, Beaudoin AR, Grondin G, Kittel A, Waelkens E, Vanduffel L: Purification, characterization, and localization of an ATP diphosphohydrolase in porcine kidney. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2000 Jun;278(6):F978-88.

The protein is highly glycosylated, with a nominal molecular mass of approximately 57 kDa.
All enzyme activities were dependent on divalent cations and were partially inhibited by 10 mM sodium azide.
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12366866 Dave JA, Gey van Pittius NC, Beyers AD, Ehlers MR, Brown GD: Mycosin-1, a subtilisin-like serine protease of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is cell wall-associated and expressed during infection of macrophages. BMC Microbiol. 2002 Oct 7;2:30.


The protein is expressed after infection of macrophages and is subjected to proteolytic processing.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14520889 Dolgikh VV, Semenov PB: The spore wall and polar tube proteins of the microsporidian Nosema grylli: the major spore wall protein is released before spore extrusion. Tsitologiia. 2003;45(3):324-9.

A long storage of spores (over a year) in water or 0.02% sodium azide results in a sharp decrease of p40 content.
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11567022 Sarin J, Aggarwal S, Chaba R, Varshney GC, Chakraborti PK: B-subunit of phosphate-specific transporter from Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a thermostable ATPase. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 30;276(48):44590-7. Epub 2001 Sep 20.

The classical ATPase inhibitors like sodium azide, sodium vanadate, and N-ethylmaleimide were without any effect but an ATP analogue, 5'-p-fluorosulfonylbenzoyl adenosine, inhibited the ATPase function of the recombinant protein with a K (i) of approximately 0.40 mm.
Furthermore, there was hardly any ATP hydrolyzing ability of the PstB as a result of mutation of the conserved aspartic acid residue to lysine in the Walker motif B, confirming the recombinant protein is an ATPase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9973348 Wang L, Elliott M, Elliott T: Conditional stability of the HemA protein (glutamyl-tRNA reductase) regulates heme biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1999 Feb;181(4):1211-9.

Sodium azide prevents HemA turnover in vivo, suggesting a role for energy-dependent proteolysis.
The half-life of HemA protein is approximately 20 min in unrestricted cells but increases to > 300 min in heme-limited cells.
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8955279 Chen H, Kim J, Kendall DA: Competition between functional signal peptides demonstrates variation in affinity for the secretion pathway. J Bacteriol. 1996 Dec;178(23):6658-64.


In both cases the remainder of the protein is transported to the periplasm.
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11526115 Molik S, Karnauchov I, Weidlich C, Herrmann RG, Klosgen RB: The Rieske Fe/S protein of the cytochrome b6/f complex in chloroplasts: missing link in the evolution of protein transport pathways in chloroplasts?. J Biol Chem. 2001 Nov 16;276(46):42761-6. Epub 2001 Aug 28.

The Rieske protein is an untypical TAT substrate, however.
Furthermore, transport is affected by sodium azide as well as by competitor proteins for the Sec pathway in chloroplasts, demonstrating for the first time some cross-talk of the two pathways.
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17257310 Gerald NJ, Coppens I, Dwyer DM: Molecular dissection and expression of the LdK39 kinesin in the human pathogen, Leishmania donovani. Mol Microbiol. 2007 Feb;63(4):962-79.


Further, we demonstrated that this motor protein is expressed in both the insect and mammalian developmental forms (i.e. promastigote and amastigotes) of this organism.
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8226642 Strobel SM, Cannon JG, Bassford PJ Jr: Regions of maltose-binding protein that influence SecB-dependent and SecA-dependent export in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1993 Nov;175(21):6988-95.

In Escherichia coli, the efficient export of maltose-binding protein (MBP) is dependent on the chaperone SecB, whereas export of ribose-binding protein (RBP) is SecB independent.
The export of these altered MBP species was also less affected in secA mutant cells and in cells treated with sodium azide.
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16873413 Guo J, Chen H, Puhl HL 3rd, Ikeda SR: Fluorophore-assisted light inactivation produces both targeted and collateral effects on N-type calcium channel modulation in rat sympathetic neurons. J Physiol. 2006 Oct 15;576(Pt 2):477-92. Epub 2006 Jul 27.

These data challenge the assumption that the fluorophore-tagged protein is the sole target of FALI and provide evidence that collateral damage to proximal proteins occurs following fluorophore illumination.
Sodium azide, a collision quencher of singlet oxygen, reduced the magnitude of FALI-mediated effects supporting a role for reactive oxygen species in the process.
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18164679 Jeanjean R, Latifi A, Matthijs HC, Havaux M: The PsaE subunit of photosystem I prevents light-induced formation of reduced oxygen species in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Mar;1777(3):308-16. Epub 2007 Dec 5.

The PsaE protein is located at the reducing side of photosystem I (PSI) and is involved in docking the soluble electron acceptors, particularly ferredoxin.
When catalases were inhibited by sodium azide, the production of reactive oxygen species was enhanced in DeltapsaE relative to WT.
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8937472 Slapak CA, Martell RL, Terashima M, Levy SB: Increased efflux of vincristine, but not of daunorubicin, associated with the murine multidrug resistance protein (MRP). Biochem Pharmacol. 1996 Nov 22;52(10):1569-76.


The multidrug resistance protein (MRP) is a membrane protein that mediates altered transport of cytotoxic drugs.
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7559481 Mant A, Schmidt I, Herrmann RG, Robinson C, Klosgen RB: Sec-dependent thylakoid protein translocation. J Biol Chem. 1995 Oct 6;270(40):23275-81.


The results indicate that the roles of the delta pH and ATP overlap and suggest that the delta pH may be obligatory when the passenger protein is abnormally difficult to translocate, possibly due to the folding of the polypeptide chain.
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10707086 Goldstein JC, Waterhouse NJ, Juin P, Evan GI, Green DR: The coordinate release of cytochrome c during apoptosis is rapid, complete and kinetically invariant. Nat Cell Biol. 2000 Mar;2(3):156-62.


Once initiated, the release of cytochrome- c-GFP continues until all of the protein is released from all mitochondria in individual cells, within about 5 minutes, regardless of the type or strength of stimulus or the time elapsed since the stimulus was applied.
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8132499 Knott TG, Robinson C: The secA inhibitor, azide, reversibly blocks the translocation of a subset of proteins across the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 18;269(11):7843-6.


Following import into isolated chloroplasts in the presence of azide, a substantial proportion of plastocyanin and the 33-kDa protein is found as the stromal intermediate form; the proportion increases with lower ATP concentrations, suggesting that azide and ATP may compete for a single site.
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9370359 Karnauchov I, Herrmann RG, Pakrasi HB, Klosgen RB: Transport of CtpA protein from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis 6803 across the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts. Eur J Biochem. 1997 Oct 15;249(2):497-504.


Transport of CtpA across spinach thylakoid membranes is affected by both nigericin and sodium azide indicating that the SecA protein and a transthylakoidal proton gradient are involved in this process.
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