Protein Information

Name PK1
Synonyms Black mamba toxin related protein; PRK 1; PRK1; EG VEGF; EGVEGF; Endocrine gland derived vascular endothelial growth factor; Mambakine; PK1…

Compound Information

Name mercuric chloride
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9344897 Endo T, Kimura O, Sakata M, Shaikh ZA: Mercury uptake by LLC-PK1 cells: dependence on temperature and membrane potential. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1997 Oct;146(2):294-8.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
10494917 Divine KK, Ayala-Fierro F, Barber DS, Carter DE: Glutathione, albumin, cysteine, and cys-gly effects on toxicity and accumulation of mercuric chloride in LLC-PK1 cells. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 1999 Aug 13;57(7):489-505.
8(0,0,1,3) Details
9644625 Andersen KJ, Maunsbach AB, Christensen EI: Biochemical and ultrastructural characterization of fluid transporting LLC-PK1 microspheres. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998 Jul;9(7):1153-68.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
16759985 Liu F, Inageda K, Nishitai G, Matsuoka M: Cadmium induces the expression of Grp78, an endoplasmic reticulum molecular chaperone, in LLC-PK1 renal epithelial cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Jun;114(6):859-64.

Compared with other heavy-metal compounds such as manganese chloride, zinc chloride, mercuric chloride, and lead chloride, CdCl2 could increase the levels of Grp78, ATF4, and the phosphorylated form of eIF2 (alpha) more markedly without definite cellular damage.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
10696784 Matsuoka M, Wispriyono B, Iryo Y, Igisu H: Mercury chloride activates c-Jun N-terminal kinase and induces c-jun expression in LLC-PK1 cells. Toxicol Sci. 2000 Feb;53(2):361-8.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
9463523 Matsuoka M, Wispriyono B, Igisu H: Induction of c-fos gene by mercury chloride in LLC-PK1 cells. Chem Biol Interact. 1997 Dec 12;108(1-2):95-106.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
12197277 Aleo MF, Morandini F, Bettoni F, Tanganelli S, Vezzola A, Giuliani R, Steimberg N, Boniotti J, Bertasi B, Losio N, Apostoli P, Mazzoleni G: [In vitro study of the nephrotoxic mechanism of mercuric chloride] . Med Lav. 2002 May-Jun;93(3):267-78.

For this purpose, two kidney-derived in vitro systems (the MDCK and the LLC-PK1 cell lines) were tested for their sensitivity to the salt, and MDCK was chosen as the most suitable in vitro model for our study.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10426573 Ogasawara M, Nomura K, Shibata N, Ujihara M, Kobayashi M, Demura H: Surgical stress increases renal glutathione content via increased glucocorticoid, and resistance to subsequent oxidative injury in the rat: significant link between endocrine response and cell defense system under the stress. Endocr J. 1999 Feb;46(1):99-106.

Cellular GSH content of LLC-PK1 cells, porcine renal-tubule-derived culture cells, increased significantly in incubation with dexamethasone or aldosterone, suggesting that adrenal steroids directly stimulate renal cell GSH.
Rats were then injected s.c. with mercuric chloride (HgCl2) to oxidatively injure renal tubuli.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8702935 Sapirstein A, Spech RA, Witzgall R, Bonventre JV: Cytosolic phospholipase A2 (PLA2), but not secretory PLA2, potentiates hydrogen peroxide cytotoxicity in kidney epithelial cells. J Biol Chem. 1996 Aug 30;271(35):21505-13.

LLC-PK1 cell lines were created that express either the cytosolic PLA2 or a group II PLA2.
Exposure to hydrogen peroxide or menadione, but not mercuric chloride, resulted in significantly greater lactate dehydrogenase release in LLC-cPLA2 cells when compared with control cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8872981 Nath KA, Croatt AJ, Likely S, Behrens TW, Warden D: Renal oxidant injury and oxidant response induced by mercury. Kidney Int. 1996 Sep;50(3):1032-43.

The role of oxidative stress in mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced nephrotoxicity is uncertain and controversial.
We demonstrate that I.L.C-PK1 cells, exposed to HgCl2, generate massive amounts of hydrogen peroxide, the latter completely quenched by the hydrogen peroxide scavenger, pyruvate.
1(0,0,0,1) Details