Protein Information

Name glutamyl transpeptidase
Synonyms CD224; CD224 antigen; D22S672; D22S732; GGT; GGT 1; GGT1; GGT1 protein…

Compound Information

Name mercuric chloride
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
2900543 Barakat SE, Ford EJ: Further studies on the diagnostic value of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and 5'-nucleotidase in cattle, sheep and horses. Res Vet Sci. 1988 May;44(3):354-60.

The kidney lesion in sheep produced by the intravenous administration of mercuric chloride is accompanied by a reduction in the rate of excretion of an injected dose of inulin and by an increase in the concentration of urea in plasma and in the activity of gamma-GT in plasma and urine.
83(1,1,1,3) Details
1354752 Dieter MP, Boorman GA, Jameson CW, Eustis SL, Uraih LC: Development of renal toxicity in F344 rats gavaged with mercuric chloride for 2 weeks, or 2, 4, 6, 15, and 24 months. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1992 Aug;36(4):319-40.

In response to mercuric chloride exposure of 5.0 mg/kg for 2-6 mo, the greatest and most persistent increases in elevation of urinary enzyme activities were exhibited by alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, which increased two-to threefold above controls.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
7916024 de Ceaurriz J, Payan JP, Morel G, Brondeau MT: Role of extracellular glutathione and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase in the disposition and kidney toxicity of inorganic mercury in rats. J Appl Toxicol. 1994 May-Jun;14(3):201-6.


The role of extracellular glutathione (GSH) and membrane-bound gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GT) as contributory factors in the disposition and toxicity of inorganic mercury (HgCl2, 1 mg kg-1, i.p.) was investigated in rats pretreated with acivicin (AT-125, 10 mg kg-1), a gamma-GT inhibitor.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
7785056 Zalups RK: Organic anion transport and action of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in kidney linked mechanistically to renal tubular uptake of inorganic mercury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Jun;132(2):289-98.

Dispositional data were obtained at both 1 and 24 hr after a nontoxic, 0.5 mumol/kg iv dose of mercuric chloride had been administered.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
8689530 Holmes E, Bonner FW, Nicholson JK: Comparative biochemical effects of low doses of mercury II chloride in the F344 rat and the multimammate mouse (Mastomys natalensis). Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1996 May;114(1):7-15.


Urinary gamma GT activity was found to be much higher in F344 rats than Mastomys.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
15920625 Park HJ, Moon JS, Kim HG, Kim IH, Kim K, Park EH, Lim CJ: Characterization of a second gene encoding gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Can J Microbiol. 2005 Mar;51(3):269-75.

The S. pombe cells harboring plasmid pPHJ02 showed increased survival on solid media containing hydrogen peroxide, diethylmaleate, aluminum chloride, cadmium chloride, or mercuric chloride.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9528259 Yanagisawa H: [HgCl2-induced acute renal failure and its pathophysiology] . Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1998 Jan;52(4):618-23.


The Hg (2+)-GSH complex is filtered in the glomeruli of the kidney and degraded into Hg (2+)-cysteine in the proximal tubules by the combined action of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and dipeptidase present in the epithelial cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15977196 Bando I, Reus MI, Andres D, Cascales M: Endogenous antioxidant defence system in rat liver following mercury chloride oral intoxication. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2005;19(3):154-61.


HgCl2 at the doses of 0.1 mg/kg produced liver damage which that was detected by a slight increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transferase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19382722 Zhao JQ, Wen YF, Bhadauria M, Nirala SK, Sharma A, Shrivastava S, Shukla S, Agrawal OP, Mathur R: Protective effects of propolis on inorganic mercury induced oxidative stress in mice. Indian J Exp Biol. 2009 Apr;47(4):264-9.

Exposure to mercuric chloride (HgCl2; 5 mg/kg; ip) induced oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation and oxidized glutathione level along with concomitant decrease in glutathione and various antioxidant enzymes.
Release of serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase and y-glutamyl transpeptidase were significantly restored towards control after propolis treatment.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1983769 Starnawska M, Hac E: The activity of several enzymes in the urine and blood of animals in experimental poisoning with sublimate. Bull Inst Marit Trop Med Gdynia. 1990;41(1-4):89-96.


In the blood plasma an increase of lactate dehydrogenase activity was observed and in the blood serum decrease of gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7912137 Bret L, Hasim M, Lefebvre H, Fournie GJ, Braun JP: Kidney tubule enzymes and extracellular DNA in urine as markers for nephrotoxicity in the guinea pig. Enzyme Protein. 1993;47(1):27-36.

Guinea pigs were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 1.35 mg/kg body weight of mercuric chloride; then various kidney enzymes and extracellular DNA were assayed in urine.
Sequential collection of urines allowed for kinetic studies: membrane markers alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyltransferase were first released, then cytosolic lactate dehydrogenase and mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase, finally extracellular DNA; DNA release is equated with cell death.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8095245 Jonker D, Jones MA, van Bladeren PJ, Woutersen RA, Til HP, Feron VJ: Acute (24 hr) toxicity of a combination of four nephrotoxicants in rats compared with the toxicity of the individual compounds. Food Chem Toxicol. 1993 Jan;31(1):45-52.

To identify possible hazards of combined exposure to chemicals with the same target organ, a 24-hr single dose experiment was carried out in which the renal toxicity of mercuric chloride, potassium dichromate, d-limonene and hexachloro-1:3-butadiene administered simultaneously was compared with the nephrotoxicity of the individual compounds, using a total of 11 groups each consisting of five 12-wk-old male Wistar rats.
At the MNEL of the combination, antagonism of effects was encountered, seen for example as less severely increased activity of gamma-glutamyl transferase in the urine.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3449639 Ohata H, Momose K, Takahashi A, Omori Y: Urinalysis for detection of chemically induced renal damage (1)--Changes in urinary excretions of enzymes and various components caused by mercuric chloride and gentamicin. J Toxicol Sci. 1987 Nov;12(4):341-55.

0(0,0,0,0) Details