Protein Information

Name gamma interferons
Synonyms IFG; IFI; IFN gamma; IFNG; IFNgamma; Immune interferon; Interferon gamma; Interferon gamma precursor…

Compound Information

Name OCH
CAS 2,3,4,4,5,5,6,6-octachloro-2-cyclohexen-1-one

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12392968 Van Och FM, Van Loveren H, De Jong WH, Vandebriel RJ: Cytokine production induced by low-molecular-weight chemicals as a function of the stimulation index in a modified local lymph node assay: an approach to discriminate contact sensitizers from respiratory sensitizers. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2002 Oct 1;184(1):46-56.


In general, contact sensitizers have been shown to selectively induce Th1 immune responses, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production, whereas Th2 responses, such as interleukin (IL)-4 production, were seen after exposure to respiratory allergens.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15746081 Ota T, Takeda K, Akiba H, Hayakawa Y, Ogasawara K, Ikarashi Y, Miyake S, Wakasugi H, Yamamura T, Kronenberg M, Raulet DH, Kinoshita K, Yagita H, Smyth MJ, Okumura K: IFN-gamma-mediated negative feedback regulation of NKT-cell function by CD94/NKG2. Blood. 2005 Jul 1;106(1):184-92. Epub 2005 Mar 3.


Of interest, alpha-GalCer was inferior to OCH in priming iNKT cells for subsequent restimulation because alpha-GalCer-induced interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) up-regulated Qa-1b expression and Qa-1b in turn inhibited iNKT-cell activity via its interaction with the inhibitory CD94/NKG2A receptor.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15599405 Silk JD, Hermans IF, Gileadi U, Chong TW, Shepherd D, Salio M, Mathew B, Schmidt RR, Lunt SJ, Williams KJ, Stratford IJ, Harris AL, Cerundolo V: Utilizing the adjuvant properties of CD1d-dependent NK T cells in T cell-mediated immunotherapy. J Clin Invest. 2004 Dec;114(12):1800-11.


Activation of invariant CD1d-dependent NK T cells (iNKT cells) in vivo through administration of the glycolipid ligand alpha-galactosylceramide (alpha-GalCer) or the sphingosine-truncated alpha-GalCer analog OCH leads to CD40 signaling as well as the release of soluble molecules including type 1 and gamma interferons that contribute to DC maturation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15113755 Nakai Y, Iwabuchi K, Fujii S, Ishimori N, Dashtsoodol N, Watano K, Mishima T, Iwabuchi C, Tanaka S, Bezbradica JS, Nakayama T, Taniguchi M, Miyake S, Yamamura T, Kitabatake A, Joyce S, Van Kaer L, Onoe K: Natural killer T cells accelerate atherogenesis in mice. Blood. 2004 Oct 1;104(7):2051-9. Epub 2004 Apr 27.


Thioglycolate-elicited macrophages pulsed with oxidized low-density lipoproteins expressed enhanced CD1d levels and induced NKT cells to produce interferon-gamma, a potentially proatherogenic T-helper 1 (TH1) cytokine.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16178791 Miyake S, Yamamura T: Therapeutic potential of glycolipid ligands for natural killer (NK) T cells in the suppression of autoimmune diseases. Curr Drug Targets Immune Endocr Metabol Disord. 2005 Sep;5(3):315-22.


OCH is a unique ligand to stimulate NKT cells to selectively produce Th2 cytokines whereas alpha-GC induces both interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-gamma, and is more beneficial for treatment of a wide variety of Th1-mediated autoimmune diseases.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15674111 Ueno Y, Tanaka S, Sumii M, Miyake S, Tazuma S, Taniguchi M, Yamamura T, Chayama K: Single dose of OCH improves mucosal T helper type 1/T helper type 2 cytokine balance and prevents experimental colitis in the presence of valpha14 natural killer T cells in mice. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2005 Jan;11(1):35-41.


Interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 levels in the supernatants from colonic lamina propria lymphocytes (LPLs) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
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16323834 Ndonye RM, Izmirian DP, Dunn MF, Yu KO, Porcelli SA, Khurana A, Kronenberg M, Richardson SK, Howell AR: Synthesis and evaluation of sphinganine analogues of KRN7000 and OCH. J Org Chem. 2005 Dec 9;70(25):10260-70.


We have prepared the direct sphinganine-containing analogues of KRN7000 and OCH, 1 and 2, and found them to be comparable in activity to the parent compounds in inducing the release of IL-2, IL-4, and IFNgamma.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19481452 Velmourougane G, Raju R, Bricard G, Im JS, Besra GS, Porcelli SA, Howell AR: Synthesis and evaluation of an acyl-chain unsaturated analog of the Th2 biasing, immunostimulatory glycolipid, OCH. Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2009 Jul 1;19(13):3386-8. Epub 2009 May 18.

An alpha-galactosyl ceramide (alpha-GalCer) 2 was synthesized and evaluated for its ability to stimulate iNKT-cell proliferation and elicit T-helper cytokines, IL-4 and IFNgamma.
1(0,0,0,1) Details