Protein Information

Name alcohol dehydrogenase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms ADH; alcohol dehydrogenase; alcohol dehydrogenases

Compound Information

Name amitrole
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
10579652 Huentelman MJ, Peters CM, Ervine WE, Polutnik SM, Johnson P: Ethanol has differential effects on rat neuron and thymocyte reactive oxygen species levels and cell viability. Comp Biochem Physiol C Pharmacol Toxicol Endocrinol. 1999 Sep;124(1):83-9.


These parameters in neurons were relatively unaffected when the cells were incubated with ethanol in the presence of inhibitors of alcohol-oxidizing enzymes, but in thymocytes, the presence of diallyl sulfide (an inhibitor of alcohol-inducible cytochrome P450, CYP2E1) or 4-methylpyrazole (an inhibitor of CYP2E1 and alcohol dehydrogenase) caused decreases in ROS production from ethanol.
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6404112 Bond AN, Wickramasinghe SN: Investigations into the production of acetate from ethanol by human blood and bone marrow cells in vitro. Acta Haematol. 1983;69(5):303-13.


The metabolism of ethanol by nucleated marrow cells was only slightly inhibited by pyrazole and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole indicating that it was largely independent of pyrazole-sensitive alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase.
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7018402 Zahlten RN, Nejtek ME, Jacobson JC: Ethanol metabolism in guinea pig: in vivo ethanol elimination, alcohol dehydrogenase distribution, and subcellular localization of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in liver. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1981 Apr 1;207(2):371-9.

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3390231 Kato S, Alderman J, Lieber CS: In vivo role of the microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system in ethanol metabolism by deermice lacking alcohol dehydrogenase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1988 Jul 1;37(13):2706-8.

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17597213 Jamal M, Ameno K, Uekita I, Kumihashi M, Wang W, Ijiri I: Catalase mediates acetaldehyde formation in the striatum of free-moving rats. Neurotoxicology. 2007 Nov;28(6):1245-8. Epub 2007 May 13.


Rats received intraperitoneal EtOH (1g/kg) alone or in combination with 4-methylpyrazole (MP, 82 mg/kg, an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor), and/or catalase inhibitor sodium azide (AZ, 10mg/kg) or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT, 1g/kg), and/or cyanamide (CY, 50mg/kg, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor).
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8536535 Batra SC, Haber PS, Mirmiran-Yazdy FS, Korsten MA, Gentry RT, Lieber CS: Gastric metabolism of ethanol in Syrian golden hamster. Dig Dis Sci. 1995 Dec;40(12):2712-6.


In contrast to alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase activity in hamster gastric mucosa (870 +/- 93 units/g tissue) was eightfold higher than in rat gastric mucosa (111 +/- 9 units/g tissue; P < 0.0001).
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3954830 Wickramasinghe SN: Observations on the biochemical basis of ethanol metabolism by human macrophages. Alcohol Alcohol. 1986;21(1):57-63.


The metabolism of ethanol (0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml) to acetate by blood-monocyte-derived macrophages was only slightly inhibited by pyrazole, 4-iodopyrazole and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole indicating that it was largely independent of alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase.
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3555347 Kato S, Alderman J, Lieber CS: Respective roles of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system and catalase in ethanol metabolism by deermice lacking alcohol dehydrogenase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 May 1;254(2):586-91.

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3790167 Handler JA, Bradford BU, Glassman E, Ladine JK, Thurman RG: Catalase-dependent ethanol metabolism in vivo in deermice lacking alcohol dehydrogenase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Dec 15;35(24):4487-92.

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241214 Lieber CS, DeCarli LM, Feinman L, Hasumura Y, Korsten M, Matsuzaki S, Teschke R: Effect of chronic alcohol consumption on ethanol and acetaldehyde metabolism. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1975;59:185-227.


Hepatic metabolism of ethanol to acetaldehyde by the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) pathway is associated with the generation of reducing equivalents as NADH.
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8489262 Bradford BU, Seed CB, Handler JA, Forman DT, Thurman RG: Evidence that catalase is a major pathway of ethanol oxidation in vivo: dose-response studies in deer mice using methanol as a selective substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 May 15;303(1):172-6.


In light of these findings it became necessary to reevaluate the role of catalase and alcohol dehydrogenase in alcohol metabolism.
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3426685 Kato S, Alderman J, Lieber CS: Ethanol metabolism in alcohol dehydrogenase deficient deermice is mediated by the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, not by catalase. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:231-4.


Non-alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) dependent pathways contribute to in vivo ethanol metabolism, but the respective role of each has long been debated.
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