Protein Information

Name brains
Synonyms BPG dependent PGAM 1; Brain; CDABP0006; PGAM 1; PGAM B; PGAM1; PGAM1 protein; PGAMA…

Compound Information

Name amitrole
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
1632841 Aragon CM, Rogan F, Amit Z: Ethanol metabolism in rat brain homogenates by a catalase-H2O2 system. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jul 7;44(1):93-8.


Homogenates of perfused rat brains incubated in the presence of ethanol (50-100 mM) and glucose (10 mM) were found to oxidize ethanol to acetaldehyde.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19223083 Li W, Zha J, Spear PA, Li Z, Yang L, Wang Z: Changes of thyroid hormone levels and related gene expression in Chinese rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) during 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole exposure and recovery. Aquat Toxicol. 2009 Apr 2;92(1):50-7. Epub 2009 Feb 15.

Amitrole is a pesticide potentially interfering with thyroid hormone regulation.
Plasma TH levels and the expression of TH-related genes, including transthyretin (ttr), deiodinases (d1 and d2), and the thyroid hormone receptor (tralpha) from the livers and brains were evaluated.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9685387 Singh I, Pahan K, Khan M, Singh AK: Cytokine-mediated induction of ceramide production is redox-sensitive. J Biol Chem. 1998 Aug 7;273(32):20354-62.


Inhibition of TNF-alpha- and diamide-mediated depletion of GSH, elevation of ceramide level, and DNA fragmentation (apoptosis) in primary oligodendrocytes by NAC, and observed depletion of GSH, elevation of ceramide level, and apoptosis in banked human brains from patients with neuroinflammatory diseases (e.g.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1560230 Przedborski S, Jackson-Lewis V, Kostic V, Carlson E, Epstein CJ, Cadet JL: Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase transgenic mice. J Neurochem. 1992 May;58(5):1760-7.


In the brains of nontransgenic mice, cytosolic catalase activity was similar in all brain regions except the cortex, which showed less than 50% of the activity observed in the other regions.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17651757 Roman GC: Autism: transient in utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. J Neurol Sci. 2007 Nov 15;262(1-2):15-26. Epub 2007 Jul 24.

Environmental contaminants interfere with thyroid function including 60% of all herbicides, in particular 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), acetochlor, aminotriazole, amitrole, bromoxynil, pendamethalin, mancozeb, and thioureas.
Experimental animal models have shown that transient intrauterine deficits of thyroid hormones (as brief as 3 days) result in permanent alterations of cerebral cortical architecture reminiscent of those observed in brains of patients with autism.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3624137 Yusa T, Beckman JS, Crapo JD, Freeman BA: Hyperoxia increases H2O2 production by brain in vivo. J Appl Physiol. 1987 Jul;63(1):353-8.


Thus the H2O2 concentration in brains of rats exposed to room air is calculated to be about 7.7 pM, rises 60% when O2 tension is increased to 100% O2, and increases 300% at 3 ATA 100% O2, where symptoms of central nervous system toxicity first become apparent.
1(0,0,0,1) Details