Protein Information

Name AP 1 (protein family or complex)
Synonyms AP 1; AP 1 complex; AP1; Adapter related protein complex 1

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
11849044 Biswal S, Acquaah-Mensah G, Datta K, Wu X, Kehrer JP: Inhibition of cell proliferation and AP-1 activity by acrolein in human A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells due to thiol imbalance and covalent modifications. Chem Res Toxicol. 2002 Feb;15(2):180-6.
224(2,4,4,4) Details
18972840 Pokharel YR, Yoon SY, Kim SK, Li JD, Kang KW: Inhibition of acrolein-stimulated MUC5AC production by fucoidan in human bronchial epithelial cells. Pharmazie. 2008 Oct;63(10):757-9.

We found that the acrolein-mediated transactivation of MUC5AC was selectively dependent on AP-1 activation and was suppressed by fucoidan.
83(1,1,1,3) Details
17225077 Korkmaz A, Topal T, Oter S: Pathophysiological aspects of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis; implication of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species as well as PARP activation. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2007 Sep;23(5):303-12. Epub 2007 Jan 15.

When these molecular factors are taken into account, pathogenesis of CP-induced bladder toxicity can be summarized in three steps: (1) acrolein rapidly enters into the uroepithelial cells; (2) it then activates intracellular reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production (directly or through NF-kappaB and AP-1) leading to peroxynitrite production; (3) finally, the increased peroxynitrite level damages lipids (lipid peroxidation), proteins (protein oxidation) and DNA (strand breaks) leading to activation of PARP, a DNA repair enzyme.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
10966506 Kehrer JP, Biswal SS: The molecular effects of acrolein. . Toxicol Sci. 2000 Sep;57(1):6-15.

It is apparent that the activation of the transcription factors nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappa B) and activator protein 1 (AP-1) can be inhibited by acrolein.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
12084617 Tirumalai R, Rajesh Kumar T, Mai KH, Biswal S: Acrolein causes transcriptional induction of phase II genes by activation of Nrf2 in human lung type II epithelial (A549) cells. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Jun 7;132(1):27-36.

Acrolein due to thiol imbalance as well as covalent modification of cysteine is known to inhibit the activity of redox sensitive transcription factors such as NF-kappaB and AP-1.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
14561194 Rahman I: Oxidative stress and gene transcription in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: antioxidant therapeutic targets. Curr Drug Targets Inflamm Allergy. 2002 Sep;1(3):291-315.

ROS, either directly or via the formation of lipid peroxidation products such as acrolein, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and F (2)-isoprostanes, may play a role in enhancing the inflammation through the activation of stress kinases (JNK, MAPK, p38, phosphoinositide 3 (PI-3)-kinase/PI-3K-activated serine-threonine kinase Akt) and redox sensitive transcription factors such as NF-kappaB and AP-1.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
15313424 Rahman I, Marwick J, Kirkham P: Redox modulation of chromatin remodeling: impact on histone acetylation and deacetylation, NF-kappaB and pro-inflammatory gene expression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2004 Sep 15;68(6):1255-67.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), either directly or via the formation of lipid peroxidation products, such as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, acrolein and F2-isoprostanes, may play a role in enhancing inflammation through the activation and phosphorylation of stress kinases (JNK, ERK, p38) and redox-sensitive transcription factors such as NF-kappaB and AP-1.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
17510524 Lee CW, Lee SH, Lee JW, Ban JO, Lee SY, Yoo HS, Jung JK, Moon DC, Oh KW, Hong JT: 2-hydroxycinnamaldehyde inhibits SW620 colon cancer cell growth through AP-1 inactivation. J Pharmacol Sci. 2007 May;104(1):19-28.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
17491020 Lambert C, Li J, Jonscher K, Yang TC, Reigan P, Quintana M, Harvey J, Freed BM: Acrolein inhibits cytokine gene expression by alkylating cysteine and arginine residues in the NF-kappaB1 DNA binding domain. J Biol Chem. 2007 Jul 6;282(27):19666-75. Epub 2007 May 9.

0(0,0,0,0) Details