Protein Information

Name A10
Synonyms A10; IGKV6D 21; IGKV6D21; immunoglobulin kappa variable 6D 21; immunoglobulin kappa variable 6D 21s

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18607771 Zhu H, Jia Z, Strobl JS, Ehrich M, Misra HP, Li Y: Potent induction of total cellular and mitochondrial antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes by cruciferous sulforaphane in rat aortic smooth muscle cells: cytoprotection against oxidative and electrophilic stress. Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2008 Fall;8(3):115-25. Epub 2008 Jul 8.

Here we report that incubation of rat aortic smooth muscle A10 cells with sulforaphane (0.25-5 microM) resulted in concentration-dependent induction of a spectrum of important cellular antioxidants and phase 2 enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, the reduced form of glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and NAD (P) H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1).
Pretreatment with sulforaphane (0.5, 1, and 5 microM) protected aortic smooth muscle cells from oxidative and electrophilic cytotoxicity induced by xanthine oxidase (XO)/xanthine, H2O2, SIN-1-derived peroxynitrite, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and acrolein.
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12535742 Cao Z, Hardej D, Trombetta LD, Trush MA, Li Y: Induction of cellular glutathione and glutathione S-transferase by 3H-1,2-dithiole-3-thione in rat aortic smooth muscle A10 cells: protection against acrolein-induced toxicity. Atherosclerosis. 2003 Feb;166(2):291-301.

To examine the protective effects of D3T-induced GSH and GST against reactive aldehyde-mediated toxicity, A10 cells were pretreated with D3T and then exposed to acrolein.
107(0,3,5,7) Details
1685938 Bayer VE, Pickel VM: GABA-labeled terminals form proportionally more synapses with dopaminergic neurons containing low densities of tyrosine hydroxylase-immunoreactivity in rat ventral tegmental area. Brain Res. 1991 Sep 13;559(1):44-55.

Moreover, we have shown that intensity of TH-immunoreactivity varies with afferent input to the A10 group of dopaminergic neurons in the rat ventral tegmental area (VTA).
Rabbit antiserum to TH and rat antiserum to GABA were visualized in single coronal sections of acrolein-fixed rat brain using a combination of peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) and immunoautoradiography (ARG) or PAP and silver-intensified immunogold (SIG).
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1980787 Di Porzio U, Zuddas A, Cosenza-Murphy DB, Barker JL: Early appearance of tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive cells in the mesencephalon of mouse embryos. Int J Dev Neurosci. 1990;8(5):523-32.


The development of mesencephalic catecholaminergic neurons in the embryonic and fetal mouse was analysed in tissues fixed with 5% acrolein using polyclonal rabbit antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the first enzyme in catecholamine synthesis.
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