Protein Information

Name Lipoxygenase (protein family or complex)
Synonyms arachidonate lipoxygenase; arachidonate lipoxygenases; lipoxygenase; lipoxygenases

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
8002544 Janssens SP, Musto SW, Hutchison WG, Spence C, Witten M, Jung W, Hales CA: Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibition by BW-755C reduces acrolein smoke-induced acute lung injury. J Appl Physiol. 1994 Aug;77(2):888-95.
112(1,2,2,2) Details
8149893 Kanekal S, Kehrer JP: Metabolism of cyclophosphamide by lipoxygenases. . Drug Metab Dispos. 1994 Jan-Feb;22(1):74-8.

Incubations of CP (0-5 mM) with soybean lipoxygenase (0-1 x 10 (4) units) and linoleic acid (0-5 mM) resulted in the generation of acrolein, an easily detected breakdown product of the initial unstable hydroxylated CP metabolite.
72(0,2,3,7) Details
7713845 Hales CA, Musto S, Hutchison WG, Mahoney E: BW-755C diminishes smoke-induced pulmonary edema. . J Appl Physiol. 1995 Jan;78(1):64-9.

We, therefore, hypothesized that acrolein, a component of smoke from burning cotton, might have a major role in producing pulmonary edema in sheep after cotton smoke inhalation and that BW-755C, a combined cyclo- and lipoxygenase inhibitor, would prevent the edema, whereas indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, would not.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
2221083 Doupnik CA, Leikauf GD: Acrolein stimulates eicosanoid release from bovine airway epithelial cells. Am J Physiol. 1990 Oct;259(4 Pt 1):L222-9.

After exposure to acrolein, significant "peaks" in 3H activity coeluted with the lipoxygenase products 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 15-HETE, as well as with PGE2, PGF2 alpha, and 6-keto-PGF1 alpha.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
11080206 Rao AM, Hatcher JF, Dempsey RJ: Lipid alterations in transient forebrain ischemia: possible new mechanisms of CDP-choline neuroprotection. J Neurochem. 2000 Dec;75(6):2528-35.

Released ArAc is metabolized by cyclooxygenases/lipoxygenases to form eicosanoids and reactive oxygen species (ROS).
ROS contribute to neurotoxicity through generation of lipid peroxides and the cytotoxic byproducts 4-hydroxynonenal and acrolein.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11525870 Blair IA: Lipid hydroperoxide-mediated DNA damage. Exp Gerontol. 2001 Sep;36(9):1473-81.

They are also formed as specific products of lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenases.
Malondialdehyde (beta-hydroxy-acrolein), another genotoxic bifunctional electrophile, is formed during homolytic decomposition of lipid hydroperoxides that contain more than two double bonds.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16500992 Davoine C, Falletti O, Douki T, Iacazio G, Ennar N, Montillet JL, Triantaphylides C: Adducts of oxylipin electrophiles to glutathione reflect a 13 specificity of the downstream lipoxygenase pathway in the tobacco hypersensitive response. Plant Physiol. 2006 Apr;140(4):1484-93. Epub 2006 Feb 24.


In this model, the adducts arise mainly from the downstream 13 lipoxygenase (LOX) metabolism, although the induced 9 LOX pathway leads massively to the accumulation of upstream metabolites.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8367612 Ben-Jebria A, Marthan R, Rossetti M, Savineau JP, Ultman JS: Effect of in vitro exposure to acrolein on carbachol responses in rat trachealis muscle. Respir Physiol. 1993 Jul;93(1):111-23.

At lower concentrations, inhibition by these two chemicals was partially additive, suggesting that both the lipoxygenase and cyclo-oxygenase pathways play a role in the hyperreactive response.
1(0,0,0,1) Details