Protein Information

Name hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
Synonyms HGPRT; hPrt1; HGPRTase; HPRT; HPRT 1; HPRT1 protein; Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1; Hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase…

Compound Information

Name acrolein
CAS 2-propenal

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
2061556 Parent RA, Caravello HE, Harbell JW: Gene mutation assay of acrolein in the CHO/HGPRT test system. J Appl Toxicol. 1991 Apr;11(2):91-5.

This study was undertaken to assess the mutagenic potential of acrolein using the CHO/HGPRT assay, both with and without metabolic activation.
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15019089 Gardner R, Kazi S, Ellis EM: Detoxication of the environmental pollutant acrolein by a rat liver aldo-keto reductase. Toxicol Lett. 2004 Mar 14;148(1-2):65-72.

Cells expressing AKR7A1 were also found to be less susceptible to DNA damage, showing a decrease in mutation rate in the presence of acrolein as measured by hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) mutagenicity assays.
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7515470 Fiorio R, Bronzetti G: Effects of cinnamaldehyde on survival and formation of HGPRT- mutants in V79 cells treated with methyl methanesulfonate, N-nitroso-N-methylurea, ethyl methanesulfonate and UV light. Mutat Res. 1994 Jun;324(1-2):51-7.

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17178418 King AA, Shaughnessy DT, Mure K, Leszczynska J, Ward WO, Umbach DM, Xu Z, Ducharme D, Taylor JA, Demarini DM, Klein CB: Antimutagenicity of cinnamaldehyde and vanillin in human cells: Global gene expression and possible role of DNA damage and repair. Mutat Res. 2007 Mar 1;616(1-2):60-9. Epub 2006 Dec 18.


Thus, we initiated studies with VAN and CIN in human mismatch repair-deficient (hMLH1 (-)) HCT116 colon cancer cells, which exhibit high spontaneous mutation rates (mutations/cell/generation) at the HPRT locus, permitting analysis of antimutagenic effects of agents against spontaneous mutation.
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17116724 Hansen RJ, Nagasubramanian R, Delaney SM, Samson LD, Dolan ME: Role of O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in protecting from alkylating agent-induced toxicity and mutations in mice. Carcinogenesis. 2007 May;28(5):1111-6. Epub 2006 Nov 20.

Acrolein and chloroacetaldehyde, metabolites of cyclophosphamide, were not mutagenic in Mgmt+/+ and Mgmt-/- mice.
Mutant frequencies were determined in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene of splenic T-lymphocytes from C57BL/6 mice (Mgmt+/+ and Mgmt-/-) following TMZ, BCNU or cyclophosphamide.
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17867647 Matter B, Guza R, Zhao J, Li ZZ, Jones R, Tretyakova N: Sequence distribution of acetaldehyde-derived N2-ethyl-dG adducts along duplex DNA. Chem Res Toxicol. 2007 Oct;20(10):1379-87. Epub 2007 Sep 15.

These results are in contrast with sequence-selective formation of other tobacco carcinogen-DNA adducts along K-ras- and p53-derived duplexes and the preferential modification of endogenously methylated CG dinucleotides by benzo [a] pyrene diol epoxide and acrolein.
Mutagenesis studies in the HPRT reporter gene and in the p53 tumor suppressor gene have revealed the ability of AA to induce G--> A transitions and A--> T transversions, as well as frameshift and splice mutations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10397244 Cai Y, Wu MH, Ludeman SM, Grdina DJ, Dolan ME: Role of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in protecting against cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity and mutagenicity. Cancer Res. 1999 Jul 1;59(13):3059-63.

CHO cells transduced with wild-type human AGT (CHO (AGT)) and pcDNA3 (CHOpcDNA3) were treated with activated cyclophosphamide derivatives, 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), 4-hydroperoxydidechlorocyclophosphamide (4-HDC), a progenitor of acrolein, and phosphoramide mustard (PM).
CHO (AGT) cells treated with 20 microM 4-HC or 200 microM 4-HDC produced 4- or 7-fold lower mutation frequency as measured at the HPRT locus than CHOpcDNA3 cells treated with the same dose of drugs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details