Protein Information

Name p38
Synonyms AIMP 2; p38; AIMP2; JTV 1; JTV1; JTV1 gene; JTV1 protein; Multisynthetase complex auxiliary component p38…

Compound Information

Name sodium fluoride
CAS sodium fluoride (NaF)

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17996917 Refsnes M, Skuland T, Schwarze PE, Ovrevik J, Lag M: Fluoride-induced IL-8 release in human epithelial lung cells: relationship to EGF-receptor-, SRC- and MAP-kinase activation. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Feb 15;227(1):56-67. Epub 2007 Oct 3.

Sodium fluoride strongly activated MAPK, in particular JNK1/2 and p38.
86(1,1,1,6) Details
11029753 Kozawa O, Yamamoto T, Tanabe K, Akamatsu S, Dohi S, Uematsu T: Enhancement by sphingosine 1-phosphate in vasopressin-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis in aortic smooth-muscle cells: involvement of p38 MAP kinase. J Cell Biochem. 2000 Sep 18;80(1):46-52.

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11294978 Thrane EV, Refsnes M, Thoresen GH, Lag M, Schwarze PE: Fluoride-induced apoptosis in epithelial lung cells involves activation of MAP kinases p38 and possibly JNK. Toxicol Sci. 2001 May;61(1):83-91.

Sodium fluoride (NaF) induced apoptosis in both cell types but at different concentrations, with the primary cells being more sensitive to NAF: Proliferation of the type 2 cells and A549 cells was inhibited in the presence of NAF: NaF induced a prolonged activation of MAP kinase ERK.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
10989278 Kozawa O, Kawamura H, Matsuno H, Uematsu T: p38 MAP kinase is involved in the signalling of sphingosine in osteoblasts: sphingosine inhibits prostaglandin F (2alpha)-induced phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Cell Signal. 2000 Jul;12(7):447-50.

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11567778 Refsnes M, Thrane EV, Lag M, Thoresen GH, Schwarze PE: Mechanisms in fluoride-induced interleukin-8 synthesis in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicology. 2001 Oct 15;167(2):145-58.

Sodium fluoride (NaF) has previously been reported to induce a strong IL-8 response in human epithelial lung cells (A549) via mechanisms that seem to involve the activation of G proteins.
Inhibition of the MAP kinase p38 by SB202190 partially reduced the IL-8 response to NaF, whereas a reduction in ERK activity by PD98059 led to an increased response.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19376214 Ridley W, Matsuoka M: Fluoride-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 production in A549 human pulmonary epithelial cells. Toxicol Lett. 2009 Aug 10;188(3):180-5. Epub 2009 Apr 17.

To clarify the mechanisms of fluoride-induced airway diseases, we examined the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an important mediator of airway inflammation, in A549 human pulmonary epithelial cells treated with sodium fluoride (NaF).
Phosphorylated forms of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)-including extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), c-Jun NH (2)-terminal kinase, and p38-increased after NaF exposure, while treatment with the MAPK/ERK kinase inhibitor U0126 and the p38 inhibitor SB203580 markedly suppressed COX-2 expression.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11432789 Aoki N, Aoyama K, Nagata M, Matsuda T: A growing family of dual specificity phosphatases with low molecular masses. J Biochem. 2001 Jul;130(1):133-40.

The phosphatase activity of the recombinant LMW-DSPs was inhibited by orthovanadate but not sodium fluoride.
However, none of the DSPs could dephosphorylate MAP kinases such as ERK1, p38, and SAPK/JNK in transiently transfected COS7 cells under the conditions used.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10318869 Heidenreich O, Neininger A, Schratt G, Zinck R, Cahill MA, Engel K, Kotlyarov A, Kraft R, Kostka S, Gaestel M, Nordheim A: MAPKAP kinase 2 phosphorylates serum response factor in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem. 1999 May 14;274(20):14434-43.

We show that treatment of cells with anisomycin, arsenite, sodium fluoride, or tetrafluoroaluminate induces phosphorylation of SRF at Ser-103 in both HeLa and NIH3T3 cells.
This phosphorylation is dependent on the kinase p38/SAPK2 and correlates with the activation of MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16407301 Fritz A, Brayer KJ, McCormick N, Adams DG, Wadzinski BE, Vaillancourt RR: Phosphorylation of serine 526 is required for MEKK3 activity, and association with 14-3-3 blocks dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 10;281(10):6236-45. Epub 2006 Jan 9.

In addition, phosphorylation of Ser526 was required for MKK6 phosphorylation in vitro, whereas dephosphorylation of Ser526 was mediated by protein phosphatase 2A and sensitive to okadaic acid and sodium fluoride.
MEKK3-dependent activation of an NF-kappaB reporter gene as well as ERK, JNK, and p38 MAP kinases correlated with a requirement for serine at position 526.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11346645 Aoyama K, Nagata M, Oshima K, Matsuda T, Aoki N: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dual specificity phosphatase, LMW-DSP2, that lacks the cdc25 homology domain. J Biol Chem. 2001 Jul 20;276(29):27575-83. Epub 2001 May 9.


Recombinant LMW-DSP2 protein exhibited phosphatase activity toward an artificial low molecular weight substrate para-nitrophenyl phosphate, and the activity was inhibited completely by sodium orthovanadate but not sodium fluoride, pyrophosphate, and okadaic acid.
0(0,0,0,0) Details