Protein Information

Name glutathione S transferase
Synonyms GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2…

Compound Information

Name acrylonitrile
CAS 2-propenenitrile

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
10867374 Enongene EN, Sun PN, Mehta CS: Sodium thiosulfate protects against acrylonitrile-induced elevation of glial fibrillary acidic protein levels by replenishing glutathione. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2000 Jan 1;8(2):153-161.

Specific brain regions were tested for GFAP, GSH and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) enzyme activity.
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18752313 El-Sayed el-SM, Abo-Salem OM, Abd-Ellah MF, Abd-Alla GM: Hesperidin, an antioxidant flavonoid, prevents acrylonitrile-induced oxidative stress in rat brain. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2008 Jul;22(4):268-73.

In addition, ACN administration resulted in significant reductions in the enzymatic antioxidant parameters of brain; superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) recording 43%, 64%, 52%, and 43%, respectively.
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11453725 Nerland DE, Cai J, Pierce WM Jr, Benz FW: Covalent binding of acrylonitrile to specific rat liver glutathione S-transferases in vivo. Chem Res Toxicol. 2001 Jul;14(7):799-806.
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12191880 Leng G, Lewalter J: Polymorphism of glutathione S-transferases and susceptibility to acrylonitrile and dimethylsulfate in cases of intoxication. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Aug 5;134(1-3):209-17.
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1450570 Cova D, Fumagalli P, Santagostino A: Toxicity of acrylonitrile in a human neuroblastoma cell line and its effect on glutathione and glutathione-S-transferase. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1992 Dec;49(6):886-91.
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8035742 Soleo L: [The detoxification pathways of electrophilic intermediate compounds] . Med Lav. 1994 Jan-Feb;85(1):22-36.

Another route consists of conjugation of intermediate electrophiles with glutathione reduced via a glutathione-S-transferase or spontaneously.
For acrylonitrile the route of conjugation with reduced glutathione is the main detoxification route.
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3136012 Nerudova J, Gut I, Savolainen H: Consequences of acrylonitrile metabolism in rat hepatocytes: effects on lipid peroxidation and viability of the cells. Environ Res. 1988 Aug;46(2):133-41.

This might indicate the consumption of GSH in the glutathione S-transferase catalyzed reactions.
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16105461 Huang JS, Zhong XJ, Wu X, Jin TY: [Effects of acrylonitrile on the activities of antioxidant enzymes and levels of lipid peroxidation in rat testes]. Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2005 Apr;23(2):136-8.

The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and the levels of glutathione (GSH) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were detected in testes.
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15834932 Grant MH, Morgan C, Henderson C, Malsch G, Seifert B, Albrecht W, Groth T: The viability and function of primary rat hepatocytes cultured on polymeric membranes developed for hybrid artificial liver devices. J Biomed Mater Res A. 2005 Jun 1;73(3):367-75.

Tailor-made membranes were sought by synthesizing acrylonitrile copolymers with different comonomers resulting in ionic, hydrophilic, or reactive functional groups on the polymer surface.
Hepatocyte morphology and viability were assessed by confocal microscopy, and function by the content and activities of cytochrome P450, and the expression of glutathione S-transferases.
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