Protein Information

Name desmin
Synonyms CMD1I; CSM 1; CSM 2; CSM1; CSM2; DES; DES Skeletin; Desmin…

Compound Information

Name carbon tetrachloride
CAS tetrachloromethane

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
15728706 van de Bovenkamp M, Groothuis GM, Draaisma AL, Merema MT, Bezuijen JI, van Gils MJ, Meijer DK, Friedman SL, Olinga P: Precision-cut liver slices as a new model to study toxicity-induced hepatic stellate cell activation in a physiologic milieu. Toxicol Sci. 2005 May;85(1):632-8. Epub 2005 Feb 23.

Liver slices (8 mm diameter, 250 microm thickness) were generated from normal rat liver and incubated for 3 or 16 h with increasing doses of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4).
In unstimulated liver slices, mRNA and protein levels of desmin, heat shock protein 47, and alpha B-crystallin remained constant, indicating quiescence of HSC, whereas Kruppel-like factor 6 expression was increased.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16480920 Yoshino R, Miura K, Segawa D, Hirai Y, Goto T, Ohshima S, Mikami K, Yoneyama K, Shibuya T, Watanabe D, Kataoka E, Takeuchi S, Endoh A, Sato W, Watanabe S: Epimorphin expression and stellate cell status in mouse liver injury. Hepatol Res. 2006 Apr;34(4):238-49. Epub 2006 Feb 9.

We studied the relationship between epimorphin expression and stellate cell status in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute and chronic injury to mouse liver and in mouse liver regeneration following 70% partial hepatectomy.
Epimorphin-positive cells in sinusoids expressed desmin, indicating that they are stellate cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18627004 Hannivoort RA, Dunning S, Vander Borght S, Schroyen B, Woudenberg J, Oakley F, Buist-Homan M, van den Heuvel FA, Geuken M, Geerts A, Roskams T, Faber KN, Moshage H: Multidrug resistance-associated proteins are crucial for the viability of activated rat hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology. 2008 Aug;48(2):624-34.

An in vivo model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl (4))-induced liver fibrosis was used.
Mrp1 protein staining correlated with desmin staining in livers from CCl (4)-treated rats.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16799993 Lafdil F, Chobert MN, Couchie D, Brouillet A, Zafrani ES, Mavier P, Laperche Y: Induction of Gas6 protein in CCl4-induced rat liver injury and anti-apoptotic effect on hepatic stellate cells. Hepatology. 2006 Jul;44(1):228-39.


Three days after CCl4-induced liver injury in the rat, we detected the expression of Gas6 in ED1-positive macrophages as well as in desmin-positive HSC, which accumulated in injured areas.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16085334 Sansoe G, Aragno M, Mastrocola R, Restivo F, Mengozzi G, Smedile A, Rosina F, Danni O, Parola M, Rizzetto M: Neutral endopeptidase (EC 3.4.24.11) in cirrhotic liver: a new target to treat portal hypertension?. J Hepatol. 2005 Nov;43(5):791-8. Epub 2005 Jun 20.


In the cytosol fraction of rat cirrhotic livers a 280% increase in NEP content was found (P <0.01), chiefly localized in desmin-positive myofibroblast-like cells of fibrous septa.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20052656 Taura K, Miura K, Iwaisako K, Osterreicher CH, Kodama Y, Penz-Osterreicher M, Brenner DA: Hepatocytes do not undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition in liver fibrosis in mice. Hepatology. 2010 Mar;51(3):1027-36.

We induced liver fibrosis by repetitive carbon tetrachloride (CCl (4)) injections.
All beta-gal-positive cells exhibited abundant cytoplasm, a typical morphology of hepatocytes, and expressed none of the mesenchymal markers including alpha-SMA, FSP-1, desmin, and vimentin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16732906 He YJ, Shu JC, Lu X, Fang L, Sheng Y: [Prophylactic effect of curcumin on hepatic fibrosis and its relationship with activated hepatic stellate cells]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi. 2006 May;14(5):337-40.

METHODS: A rat model of hepatic fibrosis was established by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride.
HSC apoptosis was detected by double-stainings of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) and desmin immunohistochemistry staining.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15772939 Song YH, Chen XL, Kong XJ, Liu NZ, Li W, Wu XL, Lin JS, Jin YX: Ribozymes against TGFbeta1 reverse character of activated hepatic stellate cells in vitro and inhibit liver fibrosis in rats. J Gene Med. 2005 Jul;7(7):965-76.


The adenoviral vector expressing the ribozymes was constructed, and then delivered into rat models of hepatic fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
19575449 Yovchev MI, Zhang J, Neufeld DS, Grozdanov PN, Dabeva MD: Thymus cell antigen-1-expressing cells in the oval cell compartment. Hepatology. 2009 Aug;50(2):601-11.


We characterized these cells in normal liver, in carbon tetrachloride-injured liver, and in several models of OC activation.
0(0,0,0,0) Details
16256175 Noyan S, Cavusoglu I, Minbay FZ: The effect of vitamin A on CCl4-induced hepatic injuries in rats: a histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural study. Acta Histochem. 2006;107(6):421-34. Epub 2005 Oct 26.

Carbon tetrachloride intoxication was performed on rats for 2, 8, 12 or 20 weeks and 5x10 (4) IU vitamin A (as retinol palmitate) was injected subcutaneously once every 4 weeks.
Ito cells were detected by gold chloride impregnation, as well as desmin and alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) immunohistochemistry.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16640026 Jiroutova A, Majdiakova L, Cermakova M, Kohlerova R, Kanta J: Expression of cytoskeletal proteins in hepatic stellate cells isolated from normal and cirrhotic rat liver. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove). 2005;48(3-4):137-44.

We have studied the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin and intermediate filament proteins vimentin, desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by immunocytochemistry in HSC cultured for 2 or 7 days after isolation.
Liver cirrhosis was produced in rats by repeated carbon tetrachloride administration.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
14739096 Baba S, Fujii H, Hirose T, Yasuchika K, Azuma H, Hoppo T, Naito M, Machimoto T, Ikai I: Commitment of bone marrow cells to hepatic stellate cells in mouse. J Hepatol. 2004 Feb;40(2):255-60.

We then examined the histology of liver tissues obtained from BM-transplanted mice with and without carbon tetrachloride-induced injury.
These cells expressed the HSC lineage markers, such as desmin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), by both RT-PCR and immunostaining.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17030452 Lv P, Luo HS, Zhou XP, Chireyath Paul S, Xiao YJ, Si XM, Liu SQ: Thalidomide prevents rat liver cirrhosis via inhibition of oxidative stress. Pathol Res Pract. 2006;202(11):777-88. Epub 2006 Oct 6.

The cirrhosis of rat was induced by intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride thrice weekly; meanwhile, thalidomide (10mg/kg or 100mg/kg) was given daily by intragastric administration for 8 weeks.
Immunohistochemistry revealed alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), desmin, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) protein in the liver.
2(0,0,0,2) Details