Protein Information

Name glutathione S transferase
Synonyms GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2…

Compound Information

Name naphthalene
CAS naphthalene

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18824004 Marsh M, Shoemark DK, Jacob A, Robinson C, Cahill B, Zhou NY, Williams PA, Hadfield AT: Structure of bacterial glutathione-S-transferase maleyl pyruvate isomerase and implications for mechanism of isomerisation. J Mol Biol. 2008 Dec 5;384(1):165-77. Epub 2008 Sep 19.

Maleyl pyruvate isomerase (MPI) is a bacterial glutathione S-transferase (GST) from the pathway for degradation of naphthalene via gentisate that enables the bacterium Ralstonia to use polyaromatic hydrocarbons as a sole carbon source.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
19819475 van Oosterom J, Codi King S, Negri A, Humphrey C, Mondon J: Investigation of the mud crab (Scylla serrata) as a potential bio-monitoring species for tropical coastal marine environments of Australia. Mar Pollut Bull. 2010 Feb;60(2):283-90. Epub 2009 Oct 12.

Four biomarkers; glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity, cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition and the urinary metabolite concentrations of naphthalene (NPH) and benzo-a-pyrene (BaP) were evaluated in S. serrata hepatopancreas, haemolymph and urine.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
18273912 Vijayavel K, Balasubramanian MP: DNA damage and cell necrosis induced by naphthalene due to the modulation of biotransformation enzymes in an estuarine crab Scylla serrata. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2008 Feb;22(1):1-7.

Biotransformation enzymes such as cytochrome P450, cytochrome b (5), NADPH cytochrome P450 reductase, aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, glutathione-S-transferase, and UDP-glucuronyl transferase were elevated in the hepatopancreas of naphthalene-exposed crabs in comparison with control.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
18054806 Hansen BH, Altin D, Vang SH, Nordtug T, Olsen AJ: Effects of naphthalene on gene transcription in Calanus finmarchicus (Crustacea: Copepoda). Aquat Toxicol. 2008 Jan 31;86(2):157-65. Epub 2007 Dec 4.

Naphthalene exposure to C. finmarchicus was found to cause glutathione S-transferase (GST) induction, indicating lipid peroxidation as the major mode of naphthalene toxicity.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
20229026 Pathiratne A, Hemachandra CK: Modulation of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase and glutathione S-transferase activities in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons containing two to four rings: implications in biomonitoring aquatic pollution. Ecotoxicology. 2010 Mar 13.

However PAHs with two to three aromatic rings (naphthalene, phenanthrene and fluoranthene) caused no effect or inhibition of EROD activities depending on the dose and the duration.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17109059 Cavalca L, Guerrieri N, Colombo M, Pagani S, Andreoni V: Enzymatic and genetic profiles in environmental strains grown on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2007 May;91(4):315-25. Epub 2006 Nov 16.

To investigate the metabolic profiles of low molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading strains of Sphingobium chlorophenolicum, Rhodococcus aetherovorans, Rhodococcus opacus and Mycobacterium smegmatis, the determination of the activity of putative detoxifying enzymes (rhodanese-like and glutathione S-transferase proteins) was combined with genetic analyses.
All the studied strains were able to utilize phenanthrene or naphthalene.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19744988 Kunze M, Zerlin KF, Retzlaff A, Pohl JO, Schmidt E, Janssen DB, Vilchez-Vargas R, Pieper DH, Reineke W: Degradation of chloroaromatics by Pseudomonas putida GJ31: assembled route for chlorobenzene degradation encoded by clusters on plasmid pKW1 and the chromosome. Microbiology. 2009 Dec;155(Pt 12):4069-83. Epub 2009 Sep 10.

The CbzE-encoding gene was found to be localized on the 180 kb plasmid pKW1 in a cbzTEXGS cluster, which is flanked by transposases and encodes only a partial (chloro) catechol meta-cleavage pathway comprising ferredoxin reductase, chlorocatechol 2,3-dioxygenase, an unknown protein, 2-hydroxymuconic semialdehyde dehydrogenase and glutathione S-transferase.
The mhpRBCDFETP cluster encodes enzymes for the dissimilation of 2,3-dihydroxyphenylpropionate in a novel arrangement characterized by the absence of a gene encoding 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl) propionate monooxygenase and the presence of a GntR-type regulator, whereas the nahINLOMKJ cluster encodes part of the naphthalene metabolic pathway.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16906435 Elovaara E, Mikkola J, Stockmann-Juvala H, Luukkanen L, Keski-Hynnila H, Kostiainen R, Pasanen M, Pelkonen O, Vainio H: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolizing enzyme activities in human lung, and their inducibility by exposure to naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, and benzo (a) pyrene as shown in the rat lung and liver. Arch Toxicol. 2007 Mar;81(3):169-82. Epub 2006 Aug 12.

NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and glutathione S-transferase activities increased up to 5.3- and 1.6-fold (liver), and up to 4.4- and 1.4-fold (lung), respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18688734 Pathiratne A, Chandrasekera LW, Pathiratne KA: Use of biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to assess the impacts of pollution in Bolgoda Lake, an urban water body in Sri Lanka. Environ Monit Assess. 2009 Sep;156(1-4):361-75. Epub 2008 Aug 8.

The fish were collected from the lake in the dry period (April 2005) and wet periods (September 2005, October 2006) and the levels of biomarkers viz. hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), metallothioneins, biliary fluorescent aromatic compounds, brain and muscle cholinesterases (ChE) were compared with those of the laboratory reared control fish and the fish obtained from a less polluted water body, Bathalagoda reservoir (reference site).
Analysis of bile in the lake fish revealed recent uptake of naphthalene, pyrene and benzo (a) pyrene type polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
1(0,0,0,1) Details