Protein Information

Name sodium channel (protein family or complex)
Synonyms Sodium channel

Compound Information

Name fenpropathrin
CAS cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18538810 Meacham CA, Brodfuehrer PD, Watkins JA, Shafer TJ: Developmentally-regulated sodium channel subunits are differentially sensitive to alpha-cyano containing pyrethroids. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Sep 15;231(3):273-81. Epub 2008 Apr 29.

Cypermethrin, beta-cyfluthrin, esfenvalerate and fenpropathrin all modified sodium channel function; effects were significantly greater on Na (v) 1.3/beta (3) than on Na (v) 1.2/beta (1) channels.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
12429130 Morin S, Williamson MS, Goodson SJ, Brown JK, Tabashnik BE, Dennehy TJ: Mutations in the Bemisia tabaci para sodium channel gene associated with resistance to a pyrethroid plus organophosphate mixture. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2002 Dec;32(12):1781-91.

Although each mutation was isolated independently from strains > 100-fold resistant to a pyrethroid (fenpropathrin) plus organophosphate (acephate) mixture, only L925I was associated with resistance in strains derived from the field in 2000 and 2001.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
16221961 Wolansky MJ, Gennings C, Crofton KM: Relative potencies for acute effects of pyrethroids on motor function in rats. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jan;89(1):271-7. Epub 2005 Oct 12.

A common mode-of-action has been proposed for pyrethroids based on in vitro studies, which includes alterations in sodium channel dynamics in nervous system tissues, consequent disturbance of membrane polarization, and abnormal discharge in targeted neurons.
Acute oral dose-response functions were determined in adult male Long Evans rats for five Type I (bifenthrin, S-bioallethrin, permethrin, resmethrin, tefluthrin), five Type II (beta-cyfluthrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate) and one mixed Type I/II (fenpropathrin) pyrethroids (n = 8-18 per dose; 6-11 dose levels per chemical, vehicle = corn oil, at 1 ml/kg).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11504804 Spencer CI, Yuill KH, Borg JJ, Hancox JC, Kozlowski RZ: Actions of pyrethroid insecticides on sodium currents, action potentials, and contractile rhythm in isolated mammalian ventricular myocytes and perfused hearts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Sep;298(3):1067-82.

Cardiac myocytes are also rich in sodium channels but comparatively little is known about the effect of pyrethroids on the heart, or on the cardiac sodium channel isoform.
In myocytes, tefluthrin (type I) and fenpropathrin and alpha-cypermethrin (type II) prolonged action potentials and evoked afterdepolarizations.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16051293 Choi JS, Soderlund DM: Structure-activity relationships for the action of 11 pyrethroid insecticides on rat Na v 1.8 sodium channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2006 Mar 15;211(3):233-44. Epub 2005 Jul 26.

This paper describes the action of 11 structurally diverse commercial pyrethroid insecticides on the rat Na v 1.8 sodium channel isoform, the principal carrier of the tetrodotoxin-resistant, pyrethroid-sensitive sodium current of sensory neurons, expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
Tail currents for the remaining compounds (bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate and tefluthrin) were monoexponential and decayed with kinetics intermediate between these extremes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19766671 Breckenridge CB, Holden L, Sturgess N, Weiner M, Sheets L, Sargent D, Soderlund DM, Choi JS, Symington S, Clark JM, Burr S, Ray D: Evidence for a separate mechanism of toxicity for the Type I and the Type II pyrethroid insecticides. Neurotoxicology. 2009 Nov;30 Suppl 1:S17-31. Epub 2009 Sep 18.

Neurotoxicity and mechanistic data were collected for six alpha-cyano pyrethroids (beta-cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin and lambda-cyhalothrin) and up to six non-cyano containing pyrethroids (bifenthrin, S-bioallethrin [or allethrin], permethrin, pyrethrins, resmethrin [or its cis-isomer, cismethrin] and tefluthrin under standard conditions.
Factor analysis and multivariate dissimilarity analysis were employed to evaluate four independent data sets comprised of (1) fifty-six behavioral and physiological parameters from an acute neurotoxicity functional observatory battery (FOB), (2) eight electrophysiological parameters from voltage clamp experiments conducted on the Na (v) 1.8 sodium channel expressed in Xenopus oocytes, (3) indices of efficacy, potency and binding calculated for calcium ion influx across neuronal membranes, membrane depolarization and glutamate released from rat brain synaptosomes and (4) changes in chloride channel open state probability using a patch voltage clamp technique for membranes isolated from mouse neuroblastoma cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details