| Name | glutathione S transferase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2… |
| Name | DDT |
|---|---|
| CAS | 1,1′-(2,2,2-trichloroethylidene)bis[4-chlorobenzene] |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15885732 | Kushida M, Sukata T, Uwagawa S, Ozaki K, Kinoshita A, Wanibuchi H, Morimura K, Okuno Y, Fukushima S: Low dose DDT inhibition of hepatocarcinogenesis initiated by diethylnitrosamine in male rats: possible mechanisms. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 Nov 1;208(3):285-94. Previously we reported a tendency for reduction of the development of glutathione-S-transferase placental form (GST-P) positive foci, recognized as preneoplastic changes in rat liver, by a low dose of 1,1-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane (DDT), which belongs to the same group of hepatic cytochrome P-450 inducers as phenobarbital and is itself a non-genotoxic hepatocarcinogen. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19038063 | Munhenga G, Masendu HT, Brooke BD, Hunt RH, Koekemoer LK: Pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis from Gwave, a malaria-endemic area in Zimbabwe. Malar J. 2008 Nov 28;7:247. Biochemical assays were used to determine the relative levels of detoxifying enzyme systems including non-specific esterases, monooxygenases and glutathione-S-transferases as well as to detect the presence of an altered acetylcholine esterase (AChE). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 16399388 | Tu CP, Akgul B: Drosophila glutathione S-transferases. . Methods Enzymol. 2005;401:204-26. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19247857 | Aydemir T, Kavrayan D: Purification and characterization of glutathione-s-transferase from chicken erythrocyte. Artif Cells Blood Substit Immobil Biotechnol. 2009;37(2):92-100. Epub 2009 Feb 26. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 14746982 | da Silva Vaz I Jr, Torino Lermen T, Michelon A, Sanchez Ferreira CA, Joaquim de Freitas DR, Termignoni C, Masuda A: Effect of acaricides on the activity of a Boophilus microplus glutathione S-transferase. Vet Parasitol. 2004 Jan 30;119(2-3):237-45. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 14646079 | Chen L, Hall PR, Zhou XE, Ranson H, Hemingway J, Meehan EJ: Structure of an insect delta-class glutathione S-transferase from a DDT-resistant strain of the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae. Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr. 2003 Dec;59(Pt 12):2211-7. Epub 2003 Nov 27. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18245335 | Matzkin LM: The molecular basis of host adaptation in cactophilic Drosophila: molecular evolution of a glutathione S-transferase gene (GstD1) in Drosophila mojavensis. Genetics. 2008 Feb;178(2):1073-83. Epub 2008 Feb 1. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18039872 | Low WY, Ng HL, Morton CJ, Parker MW, Batterham P, Robin C: Molecular evolution of glutathione S-transferases in the genus Drosophila. Genetics. 2007 Nov;177(3):1363-75. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19715699 | Deng H, Huang Y, Feng Q, Zheng S: Two epsilon glutathione S-transferase cDNAs from the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura: characterization and developmental and induced expression by insecticides. J Insect Physiol. 2009 Dec;55(12):1174-83. Epub 2009 Sep 2. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17067049 | Zayed AB, Szumlas DE, Hanafi HA, Fryauff DJ, Mostafa AA, Allam KM, Brogdon WG: Use of bioassay and microplate assay to detect and measure insecticide resistance in field populations of Culex pipiens from filariasis endemic areas of Egypt. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2006 Sep;22(3):473-82. Microplate assays were performed to measure levels of beta esterase, acetylcholinesterase, insensitive acetylcholinesterase, oxidases, and glutathione-S-transferase enzymes. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19057715 | Morales E, Sunyer J, Castro-Giner F, Estivill X, Julvez J, Ribas-Fito N, Torrent M, Grimalt JO, de Cid R: Influence of glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms on cognitive functioning effects induced by p,p'-DDT among preschoolers. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Nov;116(11):1581-5. Epub 2008 Jul 30. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18778777 | Wang Y, Qiu L, Ranson H, Lumjuan N, Hemingway J, Setzer WN, Meehan EJ, Chen L: Structure of an insect epsilon class glutathione S-transferase from the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae provides an explanation for the high DDT-detoxifying activity. J Struct Biol. 2008 Aug 26. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19513445 | Contardo-Jara V, Krueger A, Exner HJ, Wiegand C: Biotransformation and antioxidant enzymes of Dreissena polymorpha for detection of site impact in watercourses of Berlin. J Environ Monit. 2009 Jun;11(6):1147-56. Epub 2009 Mar 26. Activity changes of soluble and membrane bound glutathione S-transferase (s- and mGST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (GPx) to environmental stress were explored in precultured mussels exposed for one day to one week at selected sites with reasonable anthropogenic impact. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18508027 | Daaboub J, Ben Cheikh R, Lamari A, Ben Jha I, Feriani M, Boubaker C, Ben Cheikh H: Resistance to pyrethroid insecticides in Culex pipiens pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) from Tunisia. Acta Trop. 2008 Jul;107(1):30-6. Epub 2008 Apr 22. The use of synergists showed that the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenases had a major contribution to the permethrin and deltamethrin resistance and that the esterases (and/or glutathione-S-transferases) had only a minor contribution. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14651656 | Hargreaves K, Hunt RH, Brooke BD, Mthembu J, Weeto MM, Awolola TS, Coetzee M: Anopheles arabiensis and An. quadriannulatus resistance to DDT in South Africa. Med Vet Entomol. 2003 Dec;17(4):417-22. Biochemical analyses of samples from each of the families revealed comparatively high levels of glutathione-S-transferases and non-specific esterases in some families, but without significant correlation to bioassay results. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16689733 | Miao W, Yu T, Orias E, Wan M, Fu C: Identification of differentially expressed genes in Tetrahymena thermophila in response to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) by suppression subtractive hybridization. Environ Microbiol. 2006 Jun;8(6):1122-9. From this, a series of important genes related to the DDT metabolism and detoxification were discovered, such as P450 gene, glutathione S-transferase gene and sterol carrier protein 2 gene. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18423389 | Morou E, Ismail HM, Dowd AJ, Hemingway J, Labrou N, Paine M, Vontas J: A dehydrochlorinase-based pH change assay for determination of DDT in sprayed surfaces. Anal Biochem. 2008 Jul 1;378(1):60-4. Epub 2008 Apr 8. A glutathione S-transferase (GST) from the mosquito Aedes aegypti (aagste2), selected in the field as a major metabolic resistance enzyme for this parasite vector, was employed to produce a highly specific assay for the determination of DDT [1,1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl) ethylene]. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17162949 | Djadid ND, Barjesteh H, Raeisi A, Hassanzahi A, Zakeri S: Identification, sequence analysis, and comparative study on GSTe2 insecticide resistance gene in three main world malaria vectors: Anopheles stephensi, Anopheles culicifacies, and Anopheles fluviatilis. J Med Entomol. 2006 Nov;43(6):1171-7. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are soluble dimeric proteins that are involved in the metabolism, detoxification, and excretion of a large number of endogenous and exogenous compounds such as insecticides from the cell. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17098168 | Willoughby L, Chung H, Lumb C, Robin C, Batterham P, Daborn PJ: A comparison of Drosophila melanogaster detoxification gene induction responses for six insecticides, and phenobarbital. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2006 Dec;36(12):934-42. Epub 2006 Sep 23. Mutations leading to changes in expression levels or substrate specificities of cytochrome P450 (P450), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and esterase genes have been linked to many cases of resistance with the responsible enzyme shown to utilize the insecticide as a substrate. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16506569 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, De Armas Y, Ramos F: Pyrethroid insecticide-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by deltamethrin selection. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2005 Dec;21(4):437-45. Synergism tests implicated detoxifying esterase or glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase in pyrethroid resistance. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18755020 | Perera MD, Hemingway J, Karunaratne SP: Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka. Malar J. 2008 Aug 28;7:168. The presence of metabolic resistance by esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase-based mechanisms, and the sensitivity of the acetylcholinesterase target site were assessed using synergists, and biochemical, and metabolic techniques. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19274371 | Fonseca-Gonzalez I, Quinones ML, McAllister J, Brogdon WG: Mixed-function oxidases and esterases associated with cross-resistance between DDT and lambda-cyhalothrin in Anopheles darlingi Root 1926 populations from Colombia. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009 Feb;104(1):18-26. Enzyme levels related to insecticide resistance, including mixed function oxidases (MFO), non-specific esterases (NSE), glutathione S-transferases and modified acetylcholinesterase were evaluated in all populations and compared with a susceptible natural strain. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18675336 | Filipak Neto F, Zanata SM, Silva de Assis HC, Nakao LS, Randi MA, Oliveira Ribeiro CA: Toxic effects of DDT and methyl mercury on the hepatocytes from Hoplias malabaricus. Toxicol In Vitro. 2008 Oct;22(7):1705-13. Epub 2008 Jul 15. In addition, DDT and MeHg together had greater effect than alone when G6PDH and glutathione-S-transferase activities and lipids damage were considered. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18941829 | Sole M, Hambach B, Cortijo V, Huertas D, Fernandez P, Company JB: Muscular and hepatic pollution biomarkers in the fishes Phycis blennoides and Micromesistius poutassou and the crustacean Aristeus antennatus in the Blanes Submarine Canyon (NW Mediterranean). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2009 Jul;57(1):123-32. Epub 2008 Oct 22. Several pollution biomarkers in muscle (activity of cholinesterases) and liver/hepatopancreas (catalase, glutathione S-transferases, carboxylesterases, ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase in fish or mixed function oxygenase (MFO)-related reductases in crustacean, and lipid peroxidation levels) were measured. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16865602 | Rakotondravelo ML, Anderson TD, Charlton RE, Zhu KY: Sublethal effects of three pesticides on activities of selected target and detoxification enzymes in the aquatic midge, Chironomus tentans (diptera: chironomidae). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2006 Oct;51(3):360-6. Epub 2006 Jul 21. Sublethal effects of three pesticides including atrazine (triazine herbicide), DDT (organochlorinated insecticide), and chlorpyrifos (organophosphate insecticide) on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), general esterase (GE), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) activities were evaluated in the aquatic midge Chironomus tentans. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17710279 | Dzul FA, Patricia Penilla R, Rodriguez AD: [Susceptibility and insecticide resistance mechanisms in Anopheles albimanus from the southern Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico]. Salud Publica Mex. 2007 Jul-Aug;49(4):302-11. Biochemical assays showed high levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), cytochrome P450 and esterases (with pNPA substrate) in all villages. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19297972 | Gurusubramanian G, Rahman A, Sarmah M, Ray S, Bora S: Pesticide usage pattern in tea ecosystem, their retrospects and alternative measures. J Environ Biol. 2008 Nov;29(6):813-26. Due to this practice, the tea pests showed a higher tolerance/ resistance status due to formation of greater amount of esterases, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19954813 | Vidal-Linan L, Bellas J, Campillo JA, Beiras R: Integrated use of antioxidant enzymes in mussels, Mytilus galloprovincialis, for monitoring pollution in highly productive coastal areas of Galicia (NW Spain). Chemosphere. 2010 Jan;78(3):265-72. Epub 2009 Dec 1. The enzymatic activity levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) were measured in gills and digestive gland. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17633433 | Etang J, Manga L, Toto JC, Guillet P, Fondjo E, Chandre F: Spectrum of metabolic-based resistance to DDT and pyrethroids in Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from Cameroon. J Vector Ecol. 2007 Jun;32(1):123-33. This study reports on the metabolic activity of non-specific esterases (NSEs), mixed function oxidases (MFOs), and glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), three enzyme systems commonly involved in insecticide resistance. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19819549 | Greco L, Serrano R, Blanes MA, Serrano E, Capri E: Bioaccumulation markers and biochemical responses in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) raised under different environmental conditions. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2010 Jan;73(1):38-45. Epub 2009 Oct 12. Samples were analysed for condition factor (CF), liver somatic index (LSI), glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity, and and lactate contents. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17488889 | Yang J, McCart C, Woods DJ, Terhzaz S, Greenwood KG, ffrench-Constant RH, Dow JA: A Drosophila systems approach to xenobiotic metabolism. . Physiol Genomics. 2007 Aug 20;30(3):223-31. Epub 2007 May 8. Microarray analysis of nine adult tissues from Drosophila melanogaster reveals that cytochrome P-450s and glutathione-S-transferases show highly tissue-specific expression patterns; most were confined to one or more epithelial tissues, and half showed dominant expression in a single tissue. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |