Protein Information

Name cytochrome b
Synonyms COB; CYTB; Cytochrome b; Cytochrome b of complex III; MT CYB; MTCYB; mitochondrially encoded cytochrome b; Cytochrome bs…

Compound Information

Name diuron
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
6268407 Briquet M, Goffeau A: Modification of the spectral properties of cytochrome b in mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Eur J Biochem. 1981 Jul;117(2):333-9.

From the combined genetic and biochemical data it is concluded that the interaction of diuron and HpHOQnO with cytochrome b is mediated by at least two specific amino acids located apart in the central region of the apocytochrome b peptide coded by mitochondrial DNA.
114(1,2,2,4) Details
3536576 di Rago JP, Perea X, Colson AM: DNA sequence analysis of diuron-resistant mutations in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 1986 Nov 24;208(2):208-10.

Diuron (3-[3,4-dichlorophenyl]-1,1-dimethylurea), an inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration, blocks the yeast respiratory chain between cytochrome b and c1.
99(1,1,4,4) Details
2842335 di Rago JP, Colson AM: Molecular basis for resistance to antimycin and diuron, Q-cycle inhibitors acting at the Qi site in the mitochondrial ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1988 Sep 5;263(25):12564-70.

Antimycin and diuron appear to block cytochrome b oxidation-reduction at one ubiquinone site, presumably Qi.
96(1,1,3,6) Details
54082 Convent B, Briquet M: Proceedings: Diuron and related herbicides, inhibitors of the oxidation of mitochondrial cytochrome b in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1975 May;83(2):358-9.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
79379 Briquet M, Convent B: Diuron and other inhibitors of mitochondrial cytochrome b oxidation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae [proceedings] Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1977 Dec;85(5):955-7.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
6262574 Beattie DS, Battie CA, Weiss RA: Studies on the biogenesis of an enzymatically active complex III of the respiratory chain from yeast mitochondria. J Supramol Struct. 1980;14(2):139-48.

Complex III isolated from yeast mitochondria catalyzed an antimycin A and Diuron-sensitive coenzyme QH2-cytochrome c reductase activity with a turnover number of 15.7 sec (-1) and contained 10 nmoles of cytochrome b and 4.6 nmoles of cytochrome c1 per mg of protein.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
687609 Horton P, Croze E, Smutzer G: Interactions between photosystem II components in chloroplast membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Aug 8;503(2):274-86.


A correlation between the existence of a low potential species of cytochrome b-559 and low chlorophyll fluorescence in inhibited and developing chloroplasts..
6(0,0,0,6) Details
3169239 Weber S, Wolf K: Two changes of the same nucleotide confer resistance to diuron and antimycin in the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of Schizosaccharomyces pombe. FEBS Lett. 1988 Sep 12;237(1-2):31-4.
7(0,0,1,2) Details
1247612 Heber U, Boardman NK, Anderson JM: Cytochrome b-563 redox changes in intact CO-fixing spinach chloroplasts and in developing pea chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Feb 16;423(2):275-92.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
7341231 Bohme H, Kunert KJ: Photoreactions of cytochromes in algal chloroplasts. Eur J Biochem. 1980 May;106(1):329-36.


Cyclic electron transport is mediated by cytochrome b-563 in a photosystem-I-dependent reaction.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
93452 Colson AM: A presumed intron of the mitochondrial mosaic gene controlling cytochrome b in Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a diuron-resistant genetic locus [proceedings] Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1979 Aug;87(3):615-7.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
4140 Horton P, Cramer WA: Stimulation of photosystem I-induced oxidation of chloroplast cytochrome b-559 by pre-illumination and by low pH. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Apr 9;430(1):122-34.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8386545 Hacker B, Barquera B, Crofts AR, Gennis RB: Characterization of mutations in the cytochrome b subunit of the bc1 complex of Rhodobacter sphaeroides that affect the quinone reductase site (Qc). Biochemistry. 1993 Apr 27;32(16):4403-10.

The quinone reductase site has been previously characterized as the site of interaction for a set of inhibitors including antimycin A, diuron, funiculosin, and HQNO.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
323014 Colson AM, The Van L, Convent B, Briquet M, Goffeau A: Mitochondrial heredity of resistance to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea, an inhibitor of cytochrome b oxidation, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Apr 15;74(3):521-6.

3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea (diuron), an inhibitor of cytochrome b oxidation, has been used for the selection of three resistant mutants (diur) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
368593 Colson AM, Slonimski PP: Genetic localization of diuron- and mucidin-resistant mutants relative to a group of loci of the mitochondrial DNA controlling coenzyme QH2-cytochrome c reductase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1979 Jan 2;167(3):287-98.

Polypeptide length modifications of cytochrome b were observed in mutants deficient in the coQH2-cyt c red and localized at the BOX1, BOX4 and BOX6 genetic loci (Claisse et al., 1977, 1978) which are precisely the loci allelic to drug resistant mutants as shown in the present work.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1156582 Horton P, Cramer WA: Light-induced turnover of chloroplast cytochrome b-559 in the presence of N-methylphenazonium methosulphate. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Aug 11;396(2):310-9.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
2615656 Coria R, Garcia M, Brunner A: Mitochondrial cytochrome b genes with a six-nucleotide deletion or single-nucleotide substitutions confer resistance to antimycin A in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis. Mol Microbiol. 1989 Nov;3(11):1599-604.

The amino acid sequence derived from the coding strand showed that, in three independent antimycin-resistant mutants, a change of asparagine 31 into lysine took place (two of these mutants are also resistant to diuron).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
5037343 Fork DC: Electron transport reactions in grana preparations from spinach chloroplasts. Biophys J. 1972 Jul;12(7):909-21.


Fraction 2 (grana-stack) particles prepared with the French press showed absorbance changes, at room temperature and with sodium ascorbate and methyl-viologen, that were produced by the oxidation of cytochrome b-559.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1851164 Berry EA, Huang LS, DeRose VJ: Ubiquinol-cytochrome c oxidoreductase of higher plants. J Biol Chem. 1991 May 15;266(14):9064-77.

The complex is more resistant to funiculosin and diuron than the beef heart enzyme.
The purified complex contains about 4 mumol of cytochrome c1, 8 mumol of cytochrome b, and 20 mumol of iron/g of protein.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
84628 Briquet M, Colson AM, Goffeau A: Biochemical properties of mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to inhibitors of the mitochondrial cytochrome b oxidation [proceedings] Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1978 Oct;86(4):930-1.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
10821870 Irihimovitch V, Shapira M: Glutathione redox potential modulated by reactive oxygen species regulates translation of Rubisco large subunit in the chloroplast. J Biol Chem. 2000 May 26;275(21):16289-95.


If the electron transport was blocked further downstream, by mutation in the cytochrome b (6)/f or by incubation with 2, 5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-p-benzoquinone, ROS formation increased, and LSU synthesis ceased.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7426638 Oettmeier W, Renger G: The function of diphenylamines as modifiers of photosystem II electron transport in isolated spinach chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Nov 5;593(1):113-24.


The inhibitory effect could involve a modification of cytochrome b-559 or its surrounding.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15178478 Joliot P, Beal D, Joliot A: Cyclic electron flow under saturating excitation of dark-adapted Arabidopsis leaves. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Jun 7;1656(2-3):166-76.


In the proposed mechanism, electrons are transferred from a ferredoxin bound to a site localized on the stromal side of the cytochrome b (6) f complex to the Q (i) site.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15169948 Salem K, van Waasbergen LG: Photosynthetic electron transport controls expression of the high light inducible gene in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus strain PCC 7942. Plant Cell Physiol. 2004 May;45(5):651-8.


A working hypothesis is proposed whereby up-regulation is in response to the reduced state of cytochrome b (6) f or a carrier beyond in photosynthesis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15236600 Pobeguts OV, Smolova TN, Zharmukhamedov SK, Klimov VV: Predominant protection of D2-protein against photodestruction in isolated D1/D2/cytochrome b559 by K15, a phenolic-type inhibitor of electron transfer in photosystem 2. Biochemistry. 2004 Jun;69(6):612-20.

A protective action of K15 (4-[methoxy-bis (trifluoromethyl) methyl]-2,6-dinitrophenylhydrazone methyl ketone), an inhibitor of electron transport in photosystem 2 (PS 2), against photoinactivation of the PS 2 reaction center (RC) D1/D2/cytochrome b (559) complex, isolated from pea chloroplasts, by red light (0.7 mmol photons/sec per m (2)) has been investigated under aerobic conditions.
Comparison of the protective action of K15 and of another inhibitor of electron transfer in PS 2, diuron, against light-induced destruction of proteins D1 and D2 shows that diuron stabilizes protein D1 and K15 stabilizes protein D2.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16245065 Berry S, Bolychevtseva YV, Rogner M, Karapetyan NV: Photosynthetic and respiratory electron transport in the alkaliphilic cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis. Photosynth Res. 2003;78(1):67-76.

Sodium extrusion in the presence of the Photosystem II inhibitor diuron indicates that a significant amount of ATP is supplied by cyclic electron transport around Photosystem I, the content of which in A. platensis is exceptionally high.
Plastoquinol is oxidized by two parallel pathways, via the cytochrome b (6) f complex and a putative cytochrome bd complex, both of which are active in the light and in the dark.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8206290 Brasseur G, Brivet-Chevillotte P: Interaction analysis of various inhibitors with center n mutants of the mitochondrial cytochrome b. Biochem Soc Trans. 1994 Feb;22(1):60S.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
99171 Newman PJ, Sherman LA: Isolation and characterization of photosystem I and II membrane particles from the blue-green alga, Synechococcus cedrorum. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Aug 8;503(2):343-61.


The purest Photosystem II particles have a chlorophyll to cytochrome b-559 ratio of 50 : 1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
23157 Whitmarsh J, Cramer WA: A pathway for the reduction of cytochrome b-559 by photosystem II in chloroplasts. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Jan 11;501(1):83-93.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
192287 Visser JW, Rijgersberg CP, Gast P: Photooxidation of chlorophyll in spinach chloroplasts between 10 and 180 K. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Apr 11;460(1):36-46.


This change is probably due to the reduction of P+-680, the oxidized primary electron donor of Photosystem II, by a secondary electron donor, cytochrome b-559.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
5016543 Ke B, Vernon LP, Chaney TH: Photoreduction of cytochrome b 559 in a photosystem-II subchloroplast particle. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Feb 28;256(2):345-57.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
10848 Horton P, Whitmarsh J, Cramer WA: On the specific site of action of 3-) 3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea in chloroplasts: inhibiion of a dark acid-induced decrease in midpoint potential of cytochrome b-559. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1976 Oct;176(2):519-24.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
5016544 Cramer WA, Bohme H: High-potential cytochrome b-559 as a secondary quencher of chloroplast fluorescence in the presence of 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-I,I-dimethylurea. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Feb 28;256(2):358-69.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
6338917 Clejan L, Sidhu A, Beattie DS: Studies on the function and biogenesis of cytochrome b in mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae resistant to 3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea. Biochemistry. 1983 Jan 4;22(1):52-7.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
2545358 Meunier B, Colson AM: Increased diuron resistance in the joint expression of mutations located at the DIU2, DIU3 and DIU4 loci of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Curr Genet. 1989 Feb;15(2):121-7.

Two mitochondrially inherited loci, DIU1 and DIU2, located in the cytochrome b gene, and two nuclearly inherited loci, DIU3 and DIU4, have previously been identified.
1(0,0,0,1) Details