| Name | cholinesterase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Acylcholine acylhydrolase; BCHE; BCHE protein; Butyrylcholine esterase; Butyrylcholinesterase; CHE1; Choline esterase II; Cholinesterase… |
| Name | diazinon |
|---|---|
| CAS |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6176756 | Brack M, Rothe H: Organophosphate poisoning in marmosets. Lab Anim. 1982 Apr;16(2):186-8. Due to faulty use of a chlorpyriphos-diazinon combination as a pesticide within a laboratory animal house, 19 marmosets of 2 species (Saguinus fuscicollis and Callithrix jacchus) of 98 at risk died from organophosphorous poisoning (19%) mortality). The clinical signs were those of cholinesterase inhibitors. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3388758 | Kurt TL: Persistent symptoms of cholinesterase inhibiting pesticide toxicity (diazanon) Vet Hum Toxicol. 1988 Jun;30(3):268. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10989298 | Guerrero FD: Cloning of a horn fly cDNA, HialphaE7, encoding an esterase whose transcript concentration is elevated in diazinon-resistant flies. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2000 Nov;30(11):1107-15. The full-length cDNA to HialphaE7 was cloned and sequenced, and found to contain all of the highly conserved sequence elements associated with carboxyl/cholinesterases. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10373407 | Haley RW, Billecke S, La Du BN: Association of low PON1 type Q (type A) arylesterase activity with neurologic symptom complexes in Gulf War veterans. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Jun 15;157(3):227-33. Moreover, low activity of the PON1 type Q (Gln192, formerly designated type A) arylesterase allozyme distinguished ill veterans from controls better than just the PON1 genotype or the activity levels of the type R (Arg192, formerly designated type B) arylesterase allozyme, total arylesterase, total paraoxonase, or butyrylcholinesterase. Type Q is the allozyme of paraoxonase/arylesterase that most efficiently hydrolyzes several organophosphates including sarin, soman, and diazinon. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18966276 | Kumaran S, Morita M: Application of a cholinesterase biosensor to screen for organophosphorus pesticides extracted from soil. Talanta. 1995 Apr;42(4):649-55. Based on the principle of enzyme inactivation, a butyrylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.8.) biosensor, to determine some organophosphorus (ORP) pesticides (Fenitrothion, Diazinon, Parathion ethyl, Mevinphos and Heptenophos) in soil extracts, is presented. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 15285140 | Brimer L, Bak H, Henriksen SA: Rapid quantitative assay for acaricidal effects on Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis and Otodectes cynotis. Exp Appl Acarol. 2004;33(1-2):81-91. The cholinesterase inhibitor diazinon and the amitraz were used as acaricides. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 6044888 | Burt PE, Gregory GE, Molloy FM: The activation of diazinon by ganglia of the cockroach Periplaneta americana L. and its action on nerve conduction and cholinesterase activity. Ann Appl Biol. 1967 Feb;59(1):1-11. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 16119488 | Roberts DM, Fraser JF, Buckley NA, Venkatesh B: Experiences of anticholinesterase pesticide poisonings in an Australian tertiary hospital. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005 Aug;33(4):469-76. Two cases of intermediate syndrome were attributed to fenthion and diazinon, and one case of delayed polyneuropathy to trichlorfon. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 8747743 | Moser VC: Comparisons of the acute effects of cholinesterase inhibitors using a neurobehavioral screening battery in rats. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1995 Nov-Dec;17(6):617-25. The acute effects of two carbamates (carbaryl, aldicarb) and five organophosphates (OP) (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, parathion, fenthion, and diisopropyl fluorophosphate, or DFP) were evaluated on the day of dosing at the time of peak effect, at 1 and 3 days, and 1 week after dosing (oral gavage, in corn oil). |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 18096363 | Timofeeva OA, Roegge CS, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA, Levin ED: Persistent cognitive alterations in rats after early postnatal exposure to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, diazinon. Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2008 Jan-Feb;30(1):38-45. Epub 2007 Oct 24. BACKGROUND: Developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphorous insecticides (OPs) involves multiple mechanisms in addition to cholinesterase inhibition. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 3827420 | Coye MJ, Barnett PG, Midtling JE, Velasco AR, Romero P, Clements CL, Rose TG: Clinical confirmation of organophosphate poisoning by serial cholinesterase analyses. Arch Intern Med. 1987 Mar;147(3):438-42. |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 12700320 | Liang TW, Balcer LJ, Solomon D, Messe SR, Galetta SL: Supranuclear gaze palsy and opsoclonus after Diazinon poisoning. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2003 May;74(5):677-9. The diagnosis was confirmed by low plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase activity and urine mass spectroscopy. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 3508478 | Matin MA, Husain K: Cerebral and glycogen metabolism in diazinon-treated animals. J Biochem Toxicol. 1987 Fall-Winter;2:265-70. The activity of glucose-6-phosphatase was unaffected while that of cholinesterase was significantly reduced. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17239417 | Flaskos J, Harris W, Sachana M, Munoz D, Tack J, Hargreaves AJ: The effects of diazinon and cypermethrin on the differentiation of neuronal and glial cell lines. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Mar;219(2-3):172-80. Epub 2006 Dec 15. Diazinon is a known anti-cholinesterase, but there is limited information regarding its molecular mechanism of action. |
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| 17381678 | Mohammad FK, Alias AS, Faris GA, Al-Baggou BKh: Application of an electrometric method for measurement of blood cholinesterase activities in sheep, goats and cattle treated with organophosphate insecticides. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2007 Apr;54(3):140-3. The animals were treated topically to control ectoparasites with malathion (0.05%) or diazinon (0.06%). |
5(0,0,0,5) | Details |
| 7436591 | Dressel TD, Goodale RL, Borner JW, Etani S: A study of the cholinesterases of the canine pancreatic sphincters and the relationship between reduced butyrylcholinesterase activity and pancreatic ductal hypertension. Ann Surg. 1980 Nov;192(5):614-9. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 12242675 | Van Erp S, Booth L, Gooneratne R, O'Halloran K: Sublethal responses of wolf spiders (Lycosidae) to organophosphorous insecticides. Environ Toxicol. 2002 Oct;17(5):449-56. The activities of cholinesterase (ChE) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes were assessed in the wolf spider (Lycosa hilaris) as biomarkers of organophosphate contamination in agricultural ecosystems. Spiders were exposed to simulated field rates of two commercially available organophosphorous insecticides [Basudin (diazinon) and Lorsban (chlorpyrifos)] under laboratory conditions. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 4078686 | Wecker L, Mrak RE, Dettbarn WD: Evidence of necrosis in human intercostal muscle following inhalation of an organophosphate insecticide. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1985 Nov-Dec;6(2):171-5. Intercostal muscle samples obtained from autopsy of a 51 year old male, exposed to an organophosphate insecticide by inhalation, were analyzed for cholinesterase (ChE) activity and muscle fiber integrity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 657758 | Klemmer HW, Reichert ER, Yauger WL Jr: Five cases of intentional ingestion of 25 percent diazinon with treatment and recovery. Clin Toxicol. 1978;12(4):435-44. The use of atropine to block the effects of and pralidoxime chloride to restore cholinesterase in the blood, along with supportative therapy, intravenous fluids, and prevented death in five cases of intentional ingestion of 25% diazinon. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 7114900 | Soliman SA, Sovocool GW, Curley A, Ahmed NS, El-Fiki S, El-Sebae AK: Two acute human poisoning cases resulting from exposure to diazinon transformation products in Egypt. Arch Environ Health. 1982 Jul-Aug;37(4):207-12. Plasma and red blood cell cholinesterase activity values were determined in blood samples obtained from both individuals at various times after the incident. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 15253053 | Fleischli MA, Franson JC, Thomas NJ, Finley DL, Riley W Jr: Avian mortality events in the United States caused by anticholinesterase pesticides: a retrospective summary of National Wildlife Health Center records from 1980 to 2000. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004 May;46(4):542-50. Of 24 different pesticides identified, the most frequent were famphur (n = 59: 18%), carbofuran (n = 52; 15%), diazinon (n = 40; 12%), and fenthion (n = 17; 5.1%). |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 15853933 | Kamha AA, Al Omary IY, Zalabany HA, Hanssens Y, Adheir FS: Organophosphate poisoning in pregnancy: a case report. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2005 May;96(5):397-8. These symptoms started during the use of an undiluted insecticide liquid (diazinon 60 EC) while cleaning a small non-aired bathroom. After clinical and laboratory confirmation for organophosphate poisoning (plasma pseudocholinesterase levels 161 U/l), treatment with atropine and pralidoxime was started. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18502319 | Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ, Fumagalli F: Targeting of neurotrophic factors, their receptors, and signaling pathways in the developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo and in vitro. Brain Res Bull. 2008 Jul 1;76(4):424-38. Epub 2008 Feb 1. We administered chlorpyrifos and diazinon to neonatal rats on postnatal days 1-4 at doses devoid of systemic toxicity or growth impairment, and spanning the threshold for barely-detectable cholinesterase inhibition. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 17589599 | Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ, Fumagalli F: Exposure to organophosphates reduces the expression of neurotrophic factors in neonatal rat brain regions: similarities and differences in the effects of chlorpyrifos and diazinon on the fibroblast growth factor superfamily. Environ Health Perspect. 2007 Jun;115(6):909-16. Epub 2007 Feb 27. OBJECTIVES: We administered two organophosphate pesticides, chlorpyrifos and diazinon, to neonatal rats on postnatal days 1-4, using doses below the threshold for systemic toxicity or growth impairment, and spanning the threshold for barely detectable cholinesterase inhibition: 1 mg/kg/day chlorpyrifos and 1 or 2 mg/kg/day diazinon. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 16289700 | Abdel-Halim KY, Salama AK, El-Khateeb EN, Bakry NM: Organophosphorus pollutants (OPP) in aquatic environment at Damietta Governorate, Egypt: implications for monitoring and biomarker responses. Chemosphere. 2006 Jun;63(9):1491-8. Epub 2005 Nov 14. The obtained results are in parallel to that found in case of cholinesterase activity where the activity of both acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) was declined at these seasonal period. Chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, malathion, diazinon, pirimiphos-methyl and profenofos were detected in most samples. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 7338954 | Nishio A, Uyeki EM: Induction of sister chromatid exchanges in Chinese hamster ovary cells by organophosphate insecticides and their analogs. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1981 Nov-Dec;8(5-6):939-46. Induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in cultures of Chinese hamster ovary cells by 10 anticholinesterase organophosphate insecticides was investigated. The insecticides were two phosphates (dichlorvos and dicrotophos), four -containing organophosphates (malathion, parathion, leptophos, and diazinon), and four analogs of the latter (malaoxon, paraoxon, leptophosoxon, and diazoxon). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 7237968 | Hassan RM, Pesce AJ, Sheng P, Hanenson IB: Correlation of serum pseudocholinesterase and clinical course in two patients poisoned with organophosphate insecticides. Clin Toxicol. 1981 Apr;18(4):401-6. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16455590 | Ozcan Oruc E, Uner N, Sevgiler Y, Usta D, Durmaz H: Sublethal effects of organophosphate diazinon on the brain of Cyprinus carpio. Drug Chem Toxicol. 2006 Jan;29(1):57-67. Cholinesterase inhibition is considered to be a specific biomarker of exposure to organophosphorus pesticides. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12442790 | Kwak IS, Chon TS, Kang HM, Chung N, Kim JS, Koh SC, Lee SK, Kim YS: Pattern recognition of the movement tracks of medaka (Oryzias latipes) in response to sub-lethal treatments of an insecticide by using artificial neural networks. Environ Pollut. 2002;120(3):671-81. Specimens of medaka (Oryzias latipes) were observed continuously through an automatic image recognition system before and after treatments of an anti-cholinesterase insecticide, diazinon (0.1 mg/l), for 4 days in semi-natural conditions (2 days before treatment and 2 days after treatment). |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 13532733 | DYBING O, SOGNEN E: Hyperglycaemia in rats after diazinon and other cholinesterase inhibitors. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1958;14(3):231-5. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 8357910 | Kojima T, Tsuda S, Shirasu Y: Inhibitory effect of fenthion and diazinon on the contraction of rat aorta, and its contribution to lethality. J Vet Med Sci. 1993 Jun;55(3):383-5. Fenthion and diazinon, P = S type organothiophosphates which are precursors of cholinesterase inhibitors, cause remarkable atropine-insensitive hypotension in rats when administered intravenously in lethal doses. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 7313514 | Karlsen RL, Sterri S, Lyngaas S, Fonnum F: Reference values for erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and plasma cholinesterase activities in children, implications for organophosphate intoxication. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1981 May;41(3):301-2. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11699775 | Booth LH, O'Halloran K: A comparison of biomarker responses in the earthworm Aporrectodea caliginosa to the organophosphorus insecticides diazinon and chlorpyrifos. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Nov;20(11):2494-502. After a four-week exposure, juveniles were evaluated for cholinesterase activity, glutathione S-transferase activity, and growth, and adults were evaluated for the lysosomal neutral red retention assay (NRRA) and growth. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1855619 | Takahashi H, Kojima T, Ikeda T, Tsuda S, Shirasu Y: Differences in the mode of lethality produced through intravenous and oral administration of organophosphorus insecticides in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 Apr;16(3):459-68. This study was undertaken to investigate the possibility that mechanisms other than cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition account for the acute toxicity of organophosphorus insecticide. Both the P = O type insecticide (direct ChE inhibitors: chlorfenvinphos and dichlorvos) and the P = S type insecticide (indirect ChE inhibitors: diazinon and fenthion) were employed. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16257396 | Aluigi MG, Angelini C, Falugi C, Fossa R, Genever P, Gallus L, Layer PG, Prestipino G, Rakonczay Z, Sgro M, Thielecke H, Trombino S: Interaction between organophosphate compounds and cholinergic functions during development. Chem Biol Interact. 2005 Dec 15;157-158:305-16. Epub 2005 Oct 28. Organophosphate (OP) compounds exert inhibition on cholinesterase (ChE) activity by irreversibly binding to the catalytic site of the enzymes. The chosen organophosphates were the ones mainly used in Europe: diazinon, chlorpyriphos, malathion, and phentoate, all of them belonging to the thionophosphate chemical class. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 739215 | Cranmer JS, Avery DL, Grady RR, Kitay JI: Postnatal endocrine dysfunction resulting from prenatal exposure to carbofuran, diazinon or chlordane. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1978 Nov-Dec;2(2):357-69. Exposure to lower doses of the anticholinesterase compounds, Diazinon or Carbofuran, resulted in impairment of hepatic metabolism of in vitro due to a loss in reductive capacity per unit liver weight. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 15371233 | Padilla S, Sung HJ, Moser VC: Further assessment of an in vitro screen that may help identify organophosphorus pesticides that are more acutely toxic to the young. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2004 Sep 24;67(18):1477-89. From these results, we predicted that young animals would be more sensitive to diazinon, which, in fact, was the case: When postnatal day (PND) 17 or adult rats were given a dosage of 75 mg/kg diazinon, adult brain cholinesterase (ChE) was only inhibited 38%, while the brain ChE in the PND 17 animals showed much more inhibition (75%). |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 19763822 | Cobos VM, Mora MA, Escalona G, Calme S, Jimenez J: Variation in plasma cholinesterase activity in the clay-colored robin (Turdus grayi) in relation to time of day, season, and diazinon exposure. Ecotoxicology. 2010 Feb;19(2):267-72. Epub 2009 Sep 18. |
16(0,0,2,6) | Details |
| 8727219 | Nagayama M, Akahori F, Chiwata H, Shirai M, Motoya M, Masaoka T, Sakaguchi K: Effects of selected organophosphate insecticides on serum cholinesterase isoenzyme patterns in the rat. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1996 Jun;38(3):196-9. The effects of organophosphates (fenthion, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, bromophos, propaphos, haloxon, and DFP) on serum ChE isoenzyme bands were studied in 32 male and 32 female 6-w-old Sprague-Dawley rats. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 12191930 | Collier WA, Clear M, Hart AL: Convenient and rapid detection of pesticides in extracts of sheep wool. Biosens Bioelectron. 2002 Sep;17(9):815-9. A relatively simple, rapid extraction technique based on acetonitrile was combined with the use of screen-printed electrodes bearing cholinesterases to detect organo- pesticides from an otherwise intractable matrix, sheep wool. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1567237 | Richter ED, Kowalski M, Leventhal A, Grauer F, Marzouk J, Brenner S, Shkolnik I, Lerman S, Zahavi H, Bashari A, et al.: Illness and excretion of organophosphate metabolites four months after household pest extermination. Arch Environ Health. 1992 Mar-Apr;47(2):135-8. Diethyl (DEP), an organophosphate metabolite, was found in the urine of symptomatic residents who resided in a household that had been sprayed with diazinon 4.5 mo earlier. Pre- and post-decontamination data with regard to symptoms, DEP, cholinesterase, and surface and air levels underscore the utility of alkyl metabolites for monitoring exposure. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17035140 | Slotkin TA, Tate CA, Ryde IT, Levin ED, Seidler FJ: Organophosphate insecticides target the serotonergic system in developing rat brain regions: disparate effects of diazinon and parathion at doses spanning the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition. Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Oct;114(10):1542-6. OBJECTIVES: We exposed neonatal rats to daily doses of diazinon or parathion on postnatal days (PND) 1-4 and evaluated 5HT receptors and the 5HT transporter in brainstem and forebrain on PND5, focusing on doses of each agent below the maximum tolerated dose and spanning the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition: 0.5, 1, or 2 mg/kg for diazinon, and 0.02, 0.05, and 0.1 mg/kg for parathion. |
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| 18941570 | Slotkin TA, Bodwell BE, Ryde IT, Levin ED, Seidler FJ: Exposure of neonatal rats to parathion elicits sex-selective impairment of systems in brain regions during adolescence and adulthood. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Oct;116(10):1308-14. Epub 2008 May 19. Superimposed on this general pattern, the cerebrocortical effects showed a nonmonotonic dose-response relationship, with regression of the defects at the higher parathion dose; this relationship has been seen also after comparable treatments with chlorpyrifos and diazinon and likely represents the involvement of cholinesterase-related actions that mask or offset the effects of lower doses. |
15(0,0,2,5) | Details |
| 9006996 | Ceron JJ, Ferrando MD, Sancho E, Gutierrez-Panizo C, Andreu-Moliner E: Effects of diazinon exposure on cholinesterase activity in different tissues of European eel (Anguilla anguilla). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1996 Dec;35(3):222-5. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 16704077 | Van Cong N, Phuong NT, Bayley M: Sensitivity of brain cholinesterase activity to diazinon (BASUDIN 50EC) and fenobucarb (BASSA 50EC) insecticides in the air-breathing fish Channa striata (Bloch, 1793). Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 May;25(5):1418-25. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 15736872 | Chon TS, Chung N, Kwak IS, Kim JS, Koh SC, Lee SK, Leem JB, Cha EY: Movement behaviour of Medaka (Oryzias latipes) in response to sublethal treatments of diazinon and cholinesterase activity in semi-natural conditions. Environ Monit Assess. 2005 Feb;101(1-3):1-21. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 11113701 | Hatjian BA, Mutch E, Williams FM, Blain PG, Edwards JW: Cytogenetic response without changes in peripheral cholinesterase enzymes following exposure to a sheep dip containing diazinon in vivo and in vitro. Mutat Res. 2000 Dec 20;472(1-2):85-92. |
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| 17423767 | Frank R, Braun HE, Wilkie I, Ewing R: A review of insecticide poisonings among domestic livestock in southern Ontario, Canada, 1982-1989. Can Vet J. 1991 Apr;32(4):219-226. Signs typical of cholinesterase inhibition caused by organophosphorus poisoning were observed in most cases. A further three poisonings of livestock occurred following the ingestion of the foliar insecticide, endosulfan (two poisonings), and the seed protectant insecticides diazinon plus lindane (one poisoning). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10771584 | Nigg HN, Knaak JB: Blood cholinesterases as human biomarkers of organophosphorus pesticide exposure. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol. 2000;163:29-111. In some cases, P-450 isozymes catalyze the oxidative cleavage of P-O-aryl bonds (e.g., parathion, methyl parathion, fenitrothion, and diazinon) to form inactive water-soluble alkyl phosphates and aryl leaving groups that are readily conjugated with glucuronic or sulfuric acids and excreted. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17452286 | Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ: Comparative developmental neurotoxicity of organophosphates in vivo: transcriptional responses of pathways for brain cell development, cell signaling, cytotoxicity and neurotransmitter systems. Brain Res Bull. 2007 May 30;72(4-6):232-74. Epub 2007 Jan 25. Organophosphates affect mammalian brain development through a variety of mechanisms beyond their shared property of cholinesterase inhibition. We used microarrays to characterize similarities and differences in transcriptional responses to chlorpyrifos and diazinon, assessing defined gene groupings for the pathways known to be associated with the mechanisms and/or outcomes of chlorpyrifos-induced developmental neurotoxicity. |
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| 7871535 | Ronis MJ, Badger TM: Toxic interactions between fungicides that inhibit biosynthesis and phosphorothioate insecticides in the male rat and bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;130(2):221-8. The potential for toxic interactions between biosynthesis-inhibiting fungicides (EBIFs), used in U.S. agriculture or clinically, and phosphorothioate insecticides was assessed in adult male rats and adult male bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) by measuring inhibition of plasma butyryl cholinesterase (BChE) following fungicide and insecticide treatment. Induction of cytochrome P450 in rat and quail liver by EBIFs was accompanied by enhanced oxidative desulfuration of malathion, parathion, and diazinon to toxic oxon products. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 6138014 | Michalek H, Nemesio R, Meneguz A, Bisso GM: Interactions between anticholinesterase agents and neuroleptics in terms of cholinesterase inhibition in brain and other tissues of rats. Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1983;6:386-90. CPZ was found to potentiate slightly the effects of Mevinphos but did not interact with Carbaryl, Diazinon or Azinphos. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12521673 | Gordon CJ, Mack CM: Influence of gender on thermoregulation and cholinesterase inhibition in the long-evans rat exposed to diazinon. J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2003 Feb 14;66(3):291-304. |
193(2,3,3,3) | Details |
| 11481665 | Abu-Qare AW, Abou-Donia MB: Inhibition and recovery of maternal and fetal cholinesterase enzyme activity following a single cutaneous dose of methyl parathion and diazinon, alone and in combination, in pregnant rats. J Appl Toxicol. 2001 Jul-Aug;21(4):307-16. The results suggest that dermal application of a single dose of methyl parathion and diazinon, alone or in combination, has an easy access into maternal and fetal tissues, resulting in inhibition of cholinesterase enzymes. |
178(1,4,4,8) | Details |
| 9306315 | Winters DR, Harper BG, Resnick IG: Automated procedure for estimation of blood cholinesterase activities in rabbits. Lab Anim Sci. 1997 Aug;47(4):407-10. In addition, the kinetics of cholinesterase inhibition and recovery from diazinon challenge were determined by use of this procedure. |
167(2,2,2,7) | Details |
| 4060172 | Tomokuni K, Hasegawa T, Hirai Y, Koga N: The tissue distribution of diazinon and the inhibition of blood cholinesterase activities in rats and mice receiving a single intraperitoneal dose of diazinon. Toxicology. 1985 Oct;37(1-2):91-8. |
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| 20020955 | Uner N, Sevgiler Y, Durmaz H, Piner P: In vivo Alterations in -Related Processes, Lipid Peroxidation, and Cholinesterase Enzyme Activities in the Liver of Diazinon-Exposed Oreochromis niloticus. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2007;17(6):317-24. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 8988804 | Wu HX, Evreux-Gros C, Descotes J: Diazinon toxicokinetics, tissue distribution and anticholinesterase activity in the rat. Biomed Environ Sci. 1996 Dec;9(4):359-69. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 20229498 | Tacal O, Lockridge O: Methamidophos, dichlorvos, O-methoate and diazinon pesticides used in Turkey make a covalent bond with butyrylcholinesterase detected by mass spectrometry. J Appl Toxicol. 2010 Mar 12. |
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| 7097797 | Skinner CS, Kilgore WW: Application of a dermal self-exposure model to worker reentry. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):461-81. The greatest cholinesterase responses for both emulsifiable concentrate and encapsulated formulations were found with diazinon, followed by parathion and methyl parathion. |
10(0,0,1,5) | Details |
| 18796381 | Mohammad FK, Al-Badrany YM, Al-Jobory MM: Acute toxicity and cholinesterase inhibition in chicks dosed orally with organophosphate insecticides. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 2008 Sep;59(3):145-51. Acute toxic effects of three commonly used insecticidal preparations of the organophosphates chlorpyrifos, diazinon, and dichlorvos were examined in mixed breed broiler chicks, and cholinesterase activity in plasma and brain were measured. |
10(0,0,1,5) | Details |
| 11116342 | Brewer SK, Little EE, DeLonay AJ, Beauvais SL, Jones SB, Ellersieck MR: Behavioral dysfunctions correlate to altered physiology in rainbow trout (Oncorynchus mykiss) exposed to cholinesterase-inhibiting chemicals. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2001 Jan;40(1):70-6. Diazinon-exposed fish exhibited decreases in distance, speed, and turning rate compared to controls. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 20298678 | Adigun AA, Ryde IT, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA: Organophosphate Exposure During a Critical Developmental Stage Reprograms Adenylyl Cyclase Signaling in PC12 Cells. Brain Res. 2010 Mar 15. Early-life organophosphate (OP) exposures elicit neurobehavioral deficits through mechanisms other than inhibiting cholinesterase. We exposed PC12 cells to chlorpyrifos, diazinon or parathion in the undifferentiated state and during neurodifferentiation; we then assessed the function of the adenylyl cyclase (AC) signaling cascade, measuring basal AC activity as well as responses to stimulants acting at G-proteins or on the AC molecule itself. |
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| 15800032 | Moser VC, Casey M, Hamm A, Carter WH Jr, Simmons JE, Gennings C: Neurotoxicological and statistical analyses of a mixture of five organophosphorus pesticides using a ray design. Toxicol Sci. 2005 Jul;86(1):101-15. Epub 2005 Mar 30. In this study, we tested for interaction (s) in a mixture of five organophosphorus (OP) pesticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, acephate, and malathion). A series of behavioral measures were evaluated in adult male Long-Evans rats at the time of peak effect following a single oral dose, and then tissues were collected for measurement of cholinesterase (ChE) activity. |
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| 20027669 | Musilek K, Dolezal M, Gunn-Moore F, Kuca K: Design, evaluation and structure-Activity relationship studies of the AChE reactivators against organophosphorus pesticides. Med Res Rev. 2009 Dec 21. Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs; e.g. chlorpyrifos, diazinon, paraoxon) are a wide and heterogeneous group of organophosphorus compounds. Their biological activity of inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE) or butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) ranks them as life endangering agents. |
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| 985225 | Stone BF, Wilson JT, Youlton NJ: Linkage and dominance characteristics of genes for resistance to organophosphorus acaricides and allelic inheritance of decreased brain cholinesterase activity in three strains of the cattle tick, Boophilus microplus. Aust J Biol Sci. 1976 Jul;29(3):251-63. Resistance to the organophosphorus acaricides diazinon, dimethoate and formothion in the Biarra (B), Mackay (M) and Ridgelands (R) strains respectively of the cattle tick B. microplus has been shown previously to be controlled in each strain by a single incompletely dominant autosomal genetic factor. |
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| 10509428 | al-Qarawi AA, Mahmoud OM, Haroun EM, Sobaih MA, Adam SE: Comparative effects of diazinon and malathion in Najdi sheep. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1999 Oct;41(5):287-9. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 9397503 | Shlosberg A, Bellaiche M, Hanji V, Ershov E: New treatment regimens in organophosphate (diazinon) and (methomyl) insecticide-induced toxicosis in fowl. Vet Hum Toxicol. 1997 Dec;39(6):347-50. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 18514898 | Nguyen VC, Nguyen TP, Bayley M: Brain cholinesterase response in the snakehead fish (Channa striata) after field exposure to diazinon. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2008 Oct;71(2):314-8. Epub 2008 Jun 2. In addition, incubation of brain homogenates with 2-PAM caused reactivation of the cholinesterase diazinon complex to within 80% of the control level. |
149(1,3,4,4) | Details |
| 10996483 | Sams C, Mason HJ, Rawbone R: Evidence for the activation of organophosphate pesticides by cytochromes P450 3A4 and 2D6 in human liver microsomes. Toxicol Lett. 2000 Aug 16;116(3):217-21. The role of specific cytochrome P450 isoforms in catalysing the oxidative biotransformation of the organophosphorothioate pesticides parathion, chlorpyrifos and diazinon into structures that inhibit cholinesterase has been investigated in human liver microsomes using chemical inhibitors. |
144(1,3,3,4) | Details |
| 2449688 | Oguchi Y, Frick TW, Satterberg TL, Dressel TD, Borner JW, Goodale RL: Effect of the organophosphate iso-OMPA on amylase release by pancreatic lobules of dog, guinea pig, and cat. Pancreas. 1987;2(6):664-8. A water-soluble OP agent, tetraisopropyl pyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA) at 10 (-3) M, which like Diazinon inhibits BuChE, was used. |
113(1,2,2,3) | Details |
| 212825 | Stalberg E, Hilton-Brown P, Kolmodin-Hedman B, Holmstedt B, Augustinsson KB: Effect of occupational exposure to organophosphorus insecticides on neuromuscular function. Scand J Work Environ Health. 1978 Sep;4(3):255-61. Neurophysiological investigations and determinations of cholinesterase activity on plasma and erythrocytes were carried out on 11 Swedish spraymen exposed to bromophos, diazinon, dursbane, and malathion. |
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| 2875863 | Rajendra W, Oloffs PC, Banister EW: Effects of chronic intake of diazinon on blood and brain monoamines and amino acids. Drug Chem Toxicol. 1986;9(2):117-31. It was concluded that oral administration of low doses of diazinon exerts significant effects other than as an anticholinesterase on important brain neurotransmitters even at the low dose levels administered in this study. |
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| 7204881 | Hussain MA, Oloffs PC, Blatherwick FJ, Gaunce AP, MacKenzie CJ: Detection of incipient effects of anticholinesterase insecticides in rats and humans by electromyography and cholinesterase assay. J Environ Sci Health B. 1981;16(1):1-19. Rats, fed low levels of diazinon (0.5 and 5.0 mg/kg) and parathion (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) daily for 26 weeks, and agricultural workers chronically exposed to anticholinesterase insecticides, were monitored by electromyographic (EMG) and blood cholinesterase determinations. |
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| 16704049 | Scholz NL, Truelove NK, Labenia JS, Baldwin DH, Collier TK: Dose-additive inhibition of chinook salmon acetylcholinesterase activity by mixtures of organophosphate and insecticides. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 May;25(5):1200-7. Anticholinesterase insecticides commonly co-occur in the environment. We extracted AChE from the olfactory nervous system of chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and investigated the inhibitory effects of organophosphates (the oxon derivatives of diazinon, chlorpyrifos, and malathion) and carbamates (carbaryl and carbofuran), alone and in two-way combinations. |
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| 17218044 | Sparling DW, Fellers G: Comparative toxicity of chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion and their oxon derivatives to larval Rana boylii. Environ Pollut. 2007 Jun;147(3):535-9. Epub 2007 Jan 9. They deactivate cholinesterase, resulting in neurological dysfunction. |
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| 15885262 | Timchalk C, Poet TS, Hinman MN, Busby AL, Kousba AA: Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interaction for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 May 15;205(1):31-42. Chlorpyrifos, DZN, and their respective metabolites, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) and 2-isopropyl-4-methyl-6-hydroxypyrimidine (IMHP), were quantified in blood and/or urine and cholinesterase (ChE) inhibition was measured in brain, RBC, and plasma. |
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| 2569343 | Patterson TA, Terry AV Jr, Kosh JW: Prevention of physostigmine-, DFP-, and diazinon-induced acute toxicity by monoethylcholine and N-aminodeanol. Br J Pharmacol. 1989 Jun;97(2):451-60. The inhibition was dose-related and was additive to the inhibition produced by the cholinesterase inhibitors. 4. |
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| 17549545 | Bouldin JL, Farris JL, Moore MT, Smith S Jr, Cooper CM: Assessment of diazinon toxicity in sediment and water of constructed wetlands using deployed Corbicula fluminea and laboratory testing. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2007 Aug;53(2):174-82. Epub 2007 Jun 2. Cholinesterase activity and changes in shell growth were measured from Corbicula fluminea deployed at corresponding sites. |
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| 12191867 | Garfitt SJ, Jones K, Mason HJ, Cocker J: Exposure to the organophosphate diazinon: data from a human volunteer study with oral and dermal doses. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Aug 5;134(1-3):105-13. This study gave oral (11 microg kg (-1) (36 nmol kg (-1)) body weight) and occluded dermal (100 mg (329 micromol)) doses of diazinon to five volunteers and analysed blood and urine samples for plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase and urinary dialkyl (DAP) metabolites of diazinon: diethyl (DEP) and diethyl thiophosphate |
112(1,2,2,2) | Details |
| 7097799 | Skinner CS, Kilgore WW: Acute dermal toxicities of various organophosphate insecticides in mice. J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):491-7. Cholinesterase ED50 values roughly agreed with LD50 values for mevinphos, parathion, methyl parathion, and azinphos-methyl, but diazinon appeared much more inhibitory of blood than neuronal cholinesterase. |
88(1,1,2,3) | Details |
| 6731999 | Mount ME: Diagnostic value of urinary dialkyl measurement in goats exposed to diazinon. Am J Vet Res. 1984 Apr;45(4):817-24. Urine and milk dialkyl concentrations and blood cholinesterase activity (ChE) and diazinon concentrations were measured. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 19054558 | Cong NV, Phuong NT, Bayley M: Effects of repeated exposure of diazinon on cholinesterase activity and growth in snakehead fish (Channa striata). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2009 Mar;72(3):699-703. Epub 2008 Dec 2. |
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| 20020971 | Amirkabirian N, Teimouri F, Esmaily H, Mohammadirad A, Aliahmadi A, Abdollahi M: Protection by pentoxifylline of diazinon-induced toxic stress in rat liver and muscle. Toxicol Mech Methods. 2007;17(4):215-21. Administration of diazinon increased blood hepatic glycogen phosphorylase (GP), and phosphoenol carboxykinase (PEPCK) by 160.65%, 117.2%, and 93.5%, respectively, while it decreased plasma cholinesterase (ChE) by 53.82%. |
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| 19674799 | Tryfonos M, Papaefthimiou C, Antonopoulou E, Theophilidis G: Comparing the inhibitory effects of five protoxicant organophosphates (azinphos-methyl, parathion-methyl, chlorpyriphos-methyl, methamidophos and diazinon) on the spontaneously beating auricle of Sparus aurata: an in vitro study. Aquat Toxicol. 2009 Sep 14;94(3):211-8. Epub 2009 Jul 16. In a previous pilot study, the anticholinesterase effects of paraoxon on the heart of Sparus aurata were examined [Tryfonos, M., Antonopoulou, E., Papaefthimiou, C., Chaleplis, G., Theophilidis, G., 2009. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11280971 | Wilson L, Martin PA, Elliott JE, Mineau P, Cheng KM: Exposure of California quail to organophosphorus insecticides in apple orchards in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia. Ecotoxicology. 2001 Apr;10(2):79-90. We studied the exposure and effect of the organophosphate insecticides azinphos-methyl and diazinon on adult California quail (Callipepla californica) in an apple orchard in the Okanagan Valley, British Columbia. Cholinesterase activity was measured in plasma samples (n = 65) collected from 54 individuals either prior to spraying, immediately (< 24 hours) or 10 days after three spray events. |
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| 6510327 | Hill EF, Camardese MB: Toxicity of anticholinesterase insecticides to birds: technical grade versus granular formulations. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 1984 Dec;8(6):551-63. The test chemicals were Amaze 15G (isofenphos), Counter 15G (terbufos), Dasanit 15G (fensulfothion), Diazinon 14G (diazinon), Di-Syston 15G (disulfoton), Dyfonate 20G (fonofos), Furadan 10G (carbofuran), Lorsban 15G (chlorpyrifos), Nemacur 15G (fenamiphos), Parathion 10G (parathion), Tattoo 10G (bendiocarb), Temik 15G (aldicarb), and Thimet 15G (phorate). |
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| 15036744 | Neishabouri EZ, Hassan ZM, Azizi E, Ostad SN: Evaluation of immunotoxicity induced by diazinon in C57bl/6 mice. Toxicology. 2004 Mar 15;196(3):173-9. However, DZN at medium dose (2 mg/kg per day) could inhibit RBC-cholinesterase and showed a mild decrease (P < 0.1) in thymus/body-weight ratio and DTH response. |
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| 2023308 | Prijono WB, Leighton FA: Parallel measurement of brain acetylcholinesterase and the muscarinic cholinergic receptor in the diagnosis of acute, lethal poisoning by anti-cholinesterase pesticides. J Wildl Dis. 1991 Jan;27(1):110-5. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and the density of muscarinic cholinergic binding receptors (mCBR) were measured in brains from normal Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) and from quail after lethal intoxication with diazinon. |
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| 16293993 | Al-Jobory MM, Mohammad FK: Validation of an electrometric blood cholinesterase measurement in goats. J Vet Sci. 2005 Dec;6(4):299-303. The organophosphorus insecticides dichlorvos and diazinon at 0.5-4 microM and the insecticide carbaryl at 5-20 microM in the reaction mixture significantly inhibited plasma (13.7-85.5%) and erythrocyte (16.4-71.9%) cholinesterases in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. |
87(1,1,1,7) | Details |
| 3992605 | Tomokuni K, Hasegawa T: Diazinon concentrations and blood cholinesterase activities in rats exposed to diazinon. Toxicol Lett. 1985 Apr;25(1):7-10. The tissue distribution of diazinon and the inhibition of blood cholinesterase (ChE) activity were investigated in male rats which received a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of diazinon (100 mg/kg body wt) in olive oil. |
87(1,1,2,2) | Details |
| 18394709 | Timchalk C, Poet TS: Development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic model to determine dosimetry and cholinesterase inhibition for a binary mixture of chlorpyrifos and diazinon in the rat. Neurotoxicology. 2008 May;29(3):428-43. Epub 2008 Mar 10. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 16207942 | Paraoanu LE, Mocko JB, Becker-Roeck M, Smidek-Huhn J, Layer PG: Exposure to diazinon alters in vitro retinogenesis: retinospheroid morphology, development of chicken retinal cell types, and gene expression. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jan;89(1):314-24. Epub 2005 Oct 5. This further proves the significance of cholinesterases and the cholinergic system for proper nervous system development and shows that further studies of debilitating diazinon actions on development are necessary. |
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| 3977404 | Montz WE Jr, Kirkpatrick RL: Temporal patterns of brain cholinesterase activities of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) following dosing with diazinon or parathion. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 Jan;14(1):19-24. |
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| 4658695 | Wadia RS, Ichaporia RN, Karnik VM, Relwani GS, Grant KB: Cholinesterase levels in diazinon poisoning and after atropine treatment. J Indian Med Assoc. 1972 Sep 16;59(6):234-8. |
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| 3598877 | Frick TW, Dalo S, O'Leary JF, Runge W, Borner JW, Baraniewski H, Dressel T, Shearen JG, Goodale RL: Effects of insecticide, diazinon, on pancreas of dog, cat and guinea pig. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol. 1987 Mar-Apr;7(4):1-11. Based on histochemical examination of the acinar tissue, it was suggested that pancreatic tissue-fixed butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) is the target enzyme of organophosphate toxicity. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 677543 | Palmer JS: Toxicologic evaluation of microencapsulated formulation of diazinon applied dermally to cattle. Am J Vet Res. 1978 Jul;39(7):1231-2. In the present study, there was cholinesterase depression in calves at the toxic concentrations of 0.1% and in steers at concentrations of 2.0%. |
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| 16215695 | Whitehead A, Anderson SL, Ramirez A, Wilson BW: Cholinesterases in aquatic biomonitoring: assay optimization and species-specific characterization for a California native fish. Ecotoxicology. 2005 Aug;14(6):597-606. Epub 2005 Oct 7. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) was the predominant ChE present in C. occidentalis brain and muscle, and muscle AChE was most sensitive to diazinon inhibition. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 18158111 | Roegge CS, Timofeeva OA, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA, Levin ED: Developmental diazinon neurotoxicity in rats: later effects on emotional response. Brain Res Bull. 2008 Jan 31;75(1):166-72. Epub 2007 Sep 24. Developmental exposure to the organophosphorus pesticides chlorpyrifos and diazinon (DZN) alters serotonergic synaptic function at doses below the threshold for cholinesterase inhibition, however there are some indications that the two agents may differ in several important attributes. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 17018647 | Kousba AA, Poet TS, Timchalk C: Age-related brain cholinesterase inhibition kinetics following in vitro incubation with chlorpyrifos-oxon and diazinon-oxon. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Jan;95(1):147-55. Epub 2006 Oct 3. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 7469478 | Davies DB, Holub BJ: Toxicological evaluation of dietary diazinon in the rat. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1980;9(6):637-50. Feeding trials up to 90 days revealed that rats were highly sensitive to diazinon after 31 to 35 days exposure, as judged by reduction of plasma and erythrocyte cholinesterase activities. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 11351428 | Sheffield SR, Lochmiller RL: Effects of field exposure to diazinon on small mammals inhabiting a semienclosed prairie grassland ecosystem. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2001 Feb;20(2):284-96. Small mammals have proven to be ideal biomonitors of environmental contaminants, and were used here to test for possible effects of a widely used cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, diazinon, in a natural field setting. |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 17933502 | Yehia MA, El-Banna SG, Okab AB: Diazinon toxicity affects histophysiological and biochemical parameters in rabbits. Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2007 Nov;59(3-4):215-25. Epub 2007 Oct 22. So, the current work aimed to investigate the effects of diazinon exposure on some physiological and biochemical parameters, as well as, histopathological changes and histochemical acetyl-cholinesterase activity (AChE). |
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| 8355349 | Kendall RJ, Brewer LW, Hitchcock RR: Response of Canada geese to a turf application of diazinon AG500. J Wildl Dis. 1993 Jul;29(3):458-64. Based on brain cholinesterase (ChE) levels and gastrointestinal (GI) tract residues of diazinon present, we concluded that these wigeon died from diazinon poisoning. |
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| 11838436 | Lee HS, Kim YA, Cho YA, Lee YT: Oxidation of organophosphorus pesticides for the sensitive detection by a cholinesterase-based biosensor. Chemosphere. 2002 Jan;46(4):571-6. A calibration curve for diazinon, over the concentration range of 10 (-11)-10 (-4) M, was obtained. |
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| 18789379 | Ueyama J, Kamijima M, Asai K, Mochizuki A, Wang D, Kondo T, Suzuki T, Takagi K, Takagi K, Kanazawa H, Miyamoto K, Wakusawa S, Hasegawa T: Effect of the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon on tolerance in type 2 diabetic rats. Toxicol Lett. 2008 Nov 10;182(1-3):42-7. Epub 2008 Aug 22. DZN dramatically decreased the activity of cholinesterase (ChE) in plasma by approximately 40% in both Wistar and GK rats. |
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| 19440498 | Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ: Oxidative and excitatory mechanisms of developmental neurotoxicity: transcriptional profiles for chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin, and divalent in PC12 cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2009 Apr;117(4):587-96. Epub 2008 Dec 5. CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to underlying mechanisms by which different organophosphates produce disparate outcomes despite their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. |
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| 2818201 | Matin MA, Khan SN, Hussain K, Sattar S: Effect of adrenalectomy on diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism. Arch Toxicol. 1989;63(5):376-80. The cholinesterase activity of the brain was reduced by treatment with diazinon. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 17763880 | Couillard CM, Lebeuf M, Legare B, Trottier S: Effects of diazinon on mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) larvae produced from eggs differentially treated with PCB126. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008 Feb;54(2):283-91. Epub 2007 Sep 1. Diazinon caused a dose-responsive inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity at environmentally realistic concentrations (> or =361 ng/L), with up to 85% inhibition at 12,900 ng/L. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 2092650 | Matin MA, Sattar S, Husain K: The role of adrenals in diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism in rats. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol. 1990 Dec;41(4):347-56. The cholinesterase activity in the brain was reduced by treatment with diazinon. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 2344375 | Matin MA, Husain K, Khan SN: Modification of diazinon-induced changes in carbohydrate metabolism by adrenalectomy in rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1990 Jun 1;39(11):1781-6. The cholinesterase activity of the brain was reduced by treatment with diazinon. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 3809724 | Abdelsalam EB, Ford EJ: Effect of pretreatment with hepatic microsomal enzyme inducers on the toxicity of diazinon in calves. Res Vet Sci. 1986 Nov;41(3):336-9. The pretreatment of calves with a single dose of 10 mg kg-1 dieldrin or 21 daily doses of 10 mg kg-1 phenobarbitone increased the toxicity of diazinon as reflected by the development of more severe clinical signs and greater depression in whole blood cholinesterase activity in the pretreated calves. |
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| 7217860 | Barnett JB, Spyker-Cranmer JM, Avery DL, Hoberman AM: Immunocompetence over the lifespan of mice exposed in utero to carbofuran or diazinon: I. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980 Nov;4(5-6):53-63. Pregnant F2 dihybrid mice received either a vehicle-control or 1 of 2 doses of the anticholinesterase pesticides Carbofuran (0.01 or 0.50 mg/kg) or Diazinon (0.18 or 9.00 mg/kg) in the diet daily throughout gestation. |
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| 18817854 | Timofeeva OA, Sanders D, Seemann K, Yang L, Hermanson D, Regenbogen S, Agoos S, Kallepalli A, Rastogi A, Braddy D, Wells C, Perraut C, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA, Levin ED: Persistent behavioral alterations in rats neonatally exposed to low doses of the organophosphate pesticide, parathion. Brain Res Bull. 2008 Dec 16;77(6):404-11. Epub 2008 Sep 24. Our results reinforce the conclusion that low dose exposure to different OPs can have quite different effects, obviously unconnected to their shared property as cholinesterase inhibitors. Although developmental exposures of rats to low levels of the organophosphate pesticides (OPs), chlorpyrifos (CPF) or diazinon (DZN), both cause persistent neurobehavioral effects, there are important differences in their neurotoxicity. |
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| 4055438 | Tomokuni K, Hasegawa T: Cholinesterase activities in the blood and brain of rats and mice, as determined by a rapid colorimetric method. Ind Health. 1985;23(2):75-80. |
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| 20156521 | Povey AC: Gene-environmental interactions and organophosphate toxicity. Toxicology. 2010 Feb 13. A wide range of OPs have previously been used to treat sheep but currently the only OP licenced for treating sheep is diazinon. Immediately after treatment, farmers' urines contain detectable levels of OP metabolites but few farmers have a significant decrease in plasma cholinesterase activity. |
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| 17554074 | Padilla S: Re: age-related brain cholinesterase inhibition kinetics following in vitro incubation with chlorpyrifos-oxon and diazinon-oxon. Toxicol Sci. 2007 Aug;98(2):604; author reply 605-6. Epub 2007 Jun 6. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18355640 | Slotkin TA, Ryde IT, Levin ED, Seidler FJ: Developmental neurotoxicity of low dose diazinon exposure of neonatal rats: effects on systems in adolescence and adulthood. Brain Res Bull. 2008 Mar 28;75(5):640-7. Epub 2007 Nov 12. We exposed neonatal rats to daily doses of diazinon on postnatal days 1-4, using doses (0.5 or 2mg/kg) spanning the threshold for barely-detectable cholinesterase inhibition. |
64(0,2,2,4) | Details |
| 3775801 | Yasoshima M, Masuda Y: Effect of carbon disulfide on the anticholinesterase action of several organophosphorus insecticides in mice. Toxicol Lett. 1986 Sep;32(3):179-84. CS2 pretreatment potentiated the anticholinesterase action of parathion and EPN, but suppressed that of dimethoate and diazinon. |
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| 5559196 | Wadia RS, Karnik VM, Ichaporia RN: Cholinesterase levels in diazinon poisoning. (A study of the effect of PAM in treatment). J Assoc Physicians India. 1971 Feb;19(2):185-91. |
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| 5446962 | Karnik VM, Ichaporia RN, Wadia RS: Cholinesterase levels in diazinon poisoning. J Assoc Physicians India. 1970 Mar;18(3):337-44. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 17442507 | Ueyama J, Wang D, Kondo T, Saito I, Takagi K, Takagi K, Kamijima M, Nakajima T, Miyamoto K, Wakusawa S, Hasegawa T: Toxicity of diazinon and its metabolites increases in diabetic rats. Toxicol Lett. 2007 May 15;170(3):229-37. Epub 2007 Mar 24. The effect of diazinon (DZN) on the activities of cholinesterase (ChE) in plasma and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocyte and brain was investigated in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. |
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| 19161234 | Overmyer JP, Smith PF, Kellock KA, Kwon JW, Armbrust KL: Assessment of the toxicological interaction of with cholinesterase inhibiting insecticides in aquatic insects using the black fly, Simulium vittatum IS-7. Environ Toxicol. 2010 Feb;25(1):28-37. In this study, the interactive effect of (SSRI) in binary combinations with carbaryl insecticide) and diazinon (organophosphate insecticide) was assessed using a 48-h acute toxicity test with black fly larvae, Simulium vittatum IS-7. |
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| 9711194 | Cavaliere MJ, Puga FR, Calore EE, Calore NM, Pelegrino JR, da Rosa AR, Weg R: Protective effect of pralidoxime on muscle fiber necrosis induced by organophosphate compounds. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1998;36(4):295-300. CONCLUSIONS: Oxime reduced diaphragmatic muscle necrosis in experimental organophosphate intoxication, despite little effect on plasma cholinesterase. DESIGN: Adult male Wistar rats were given oral organophosphate compounds dissolved in formal: dichlorvos, isofenphos, metamidophos, and diazinon. |
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| 17254622 | Brasel JM, Collier AC, Pritsos CA: Differential toxic effects of Carbofuran and Diazinon on time of flight in pigeons (Columba livia): potential for pesticide effects on migration. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2007 Mar;219(2-3):241-6. Epub 2006 Dec 6. Carbofuran, a and diazinon, an organophosphate, are among the most commonly implicated cholinesterase inhibitors in episodes of accidental avian toxicity and mortality. |
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| 18335101 | Slotkin TA, Bodwell BE, Levin ED, Seidler FJ: Neonatal exposure to low doses of diazinon: long-term effects on neural cell development and systems. Environ Health Perspect. 2008 Mar;116(3):340-8. OBJECTIVES: We gave diazinon (DZN) to newborn rats on postnatal days 1-4, using doses (0.5 or 2 mg/kg) spanning the threshold for barely detectable cholinesterase inhibition. |
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| 11673119 | Qiao D, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA: Developmental neurotoxicity of chlorpyrifos modeled in vitro: comparative effects of metabolites and other cholinesterase inhibitors on DNA synthesis in PC12 and C6 cells. Environ Health Perspect. 2001 Sep;109(9):909-13. Physostigmine, a non-organophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor, was less effective than either chlorpyrifos or diazinon, but still caused significant inhibition of DNA synthesis in C6 cells. |
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| 19368821 | Slotkin TA, Seidler FJ: Protein kinase C is a target for diverse developmental neurotoxicants: transcriptional responses to chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dieldrin and divalent in PC12 cells. Brain Res. 2009 Mar 31;1263:23-32. Epub 2009 Feb 5. Our findings provide some of the first evidence for a specific mechanistic cascade contributing to the cholinesterase-independent developmental neurotoxicant actions of chlorpyrifos and its differences from diazinon, while at the same time identifying mechanistic convergence between otherwise unrelated toxicants that provides predictions about common neurodevelopmental outcomes. |
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| 15474619 | Poet TS, Kousba AA, Dennison SL, Timchalk C: Physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for the organophosphorus pesticide diazinon. Neurotoxicology. 2004 Dec;25(6):1013-30. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed to quantitatively assess the kinetics of DZN and its metabolites in blood and the inhibition of cholinesterases in plasma, RBC, brain, and diaphragm. |
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| 7318795 | Hoffman DJ, Eastin WC Jr: Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity. Environ Res. 1981 Dec;26(2):472-85. |
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| 16611628 | Moser VC, Simmons JE, Gennings C: Neurotoxicological interactions of a five-pesticide mixture in preweanling rats. Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):235-45. Epub 2006 Apr 11. We have conducted interaction studies using a mixture of five organophosphorus (OP) pesticides (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, dimethoate, acephate, and malathion) in both adult (published previously) and preweanling rats using a fixed-ratio ray design. In the present study, cholinesterase inhibition and behavioral changes (motor activity, gait, and tail-pinch response) were measured in 17-day-old Long-Evans male rats following acute exposure to the OPs. |
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| 7464033 | Hinkle DK, Suggs JE, Jackson MD: Environmental and biological effects following application of diazinon impregnated strips within a laboratory animal room. Lab Anim Sci. 1980 Dec;30(6):981-3. Erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and plasma pseudocholinesterase activities were determined periodically. |
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| 17679771 | Al-Zubaidy MH, Mohammad FK: Metoclopramide protection of diazinon-induced toxicosis in chickens. J Vet Sci. 2007 Sep;8(3):249-54. Metoclopramide pretreatment at 100 mg/kg, s.c. reduced the extent of cholinesterase inhibition that was caused by diazinon (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in the plasma and whole brain by 24% and 7%, respectively. |
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| 8896566 | Davies HG, Richter RJ, Keifer M, Broomfield CA, Sowalla J, Furlong CE: The effect of the human serum paraoxonase polymorphism is reversed with diazoxon, soman and sarin. Nat Genet. 1996 Nov;14(3):334-6. The insecticides parathion, chlorpyrifos and diazinon are bioactivated to potent cholinesterase inhibitors by cytochrome P-450 systems. |
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| 10871426 | Parker ML, Goldstein MI: Differential toxicities of organophosphate and insecticides in the nestling European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2000 Aug;39(2):233-42. The toxicities of diazinon, methyl parathion, and oxamyl were affected by the removal of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) using the specific inhibitor tetraisopropylpyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA). |
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| 565668 | Obersteiner EJ, Sharma RP: Evaluation of cytotoxic responses caused by selected organophosphorus esters in chick sympathetic ganglia cultures. Can J Comp Med. 1978 Jan;42(1):80-8. Concentrations that produced half-maximal effects ranged from 1 x 10 (-6) M (severely toxic) for methylparathian, diazinon, paraoxon, mevinphos, diisopropylfluorophosphate, tri-o-tolyl and its mixed isomers to a 1 x 10 (-3) M (intermediate) for malathion, leptophos, coumaphos, mono- and dicrotophos. |
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| 12191866 | Cocker J, Mason HJ, Garfitt SJ, Jones K: Biological monitoring of exposure to organophosphate pesticides. Toxicol Lett. 2002 Aug 5;134(1-3):97-103. Additionally, we have conducted studies of non-occupational exposure and human volunteer studies looking at the kinetics of chlorpyrifos, propetamphos, diazinon and malathion. |
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| 10220078 | Lifshitz M, Shahak E, Sofer S: and organophosphate poisoning in young children. Pediatr Emerg Care. 1999 Apr;15(2):102-3. The agents were identified as methomyl or aldicarb, and the organophosphate as parathion, fenthion, malathion, and diazinon. |
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| 11191881 | Li WF, Costa LG, Richter RJ, Hagen T, Shih DM, Tward A, Lusis AJ, Furlong CE: Catalytic efficiency determines the in-vivo efficacy of PON1 for detoxifying organophosphorus compounds. Pharmacogenetics. 2000 Dec;10(9):767-79. In the present study, we investigated the in-vivo function of PON1 for detoxifying organophosphorus insecticides in PON1-knockout mice that were challenged via dermal exposure with diazoxon, diazinon and paraoxon. |
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| 7272842 | Sharma RP, Obersteiner EJ: Cytotoxic responses of selected insecticides in chick ganglia cultures. Can J Comp Med. 1981 Jan;45(1):60-9. The IC50 values for various chemicals ranged from approximately 10 (-6) M for compounds like methylparathion, diazinon, paraoxon and Vendex to greater than 10 (-2) M for chlorpyriphos and methylchlorpyriphos. |
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| 20123610 | Adigun AA, Wrench N, Seidler FJ, Slotkin TA: Neonatal organophosphorus pesticide exposure alters the developmental trajectory of cell-signaling cascades controlling metabolism: differential effects of diazinon and parathion. Environ Health Perspect. 2010 Feb;118(2):210-5. |
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