Protein Information

Name tumor necrosis factor
Synonyms Cachectin; DIF; TNF; TNF alpha; TNF a; TNFA; TNFSF 2; TNFSF2…

Compound Information

Name anthraquinone
CAS 9,10-anthracenedione

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
17531219 Harhaji L, Mijatovic S, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Popadic D, Isakovic A, Todorovic-Markovic B, Trajkovic V: Aloe emodin inhibits the cytotoxic action of tumor necrosis factor. . Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Jul 30;568(1-3):248-59. Epub 2007 May 4.

We demonstrate the capacity of an herbal anthraquinone aloe emodin to reduce the cytotoxicity of the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) towards L929 mouse fibrosarcoma and U251 human glioma cell lines.
82(1,1,1,2) Details
18590720 Ding Y, Zhao L, Mei H, Zhang SL, Huang ZH, Duan YY, Ye P: Exploration of Emodin to treat alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate-induced cholestatic hepatitis via anti-inflammatory pathway. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Aug 20;590(1-3):377-86. Epub 2008 Jun 17.

Emodin, 1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methyl-anthraquinone, is an anthraquinone derivative from the roots of Rheum officinale Baill that has been used to treat many diseases in digestive system for thousands of years.
At 24 h, 48 h and 72 h time points after administration, liver function, pathological changes of hepatic tissue, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, myeloperoxidase (MPO), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-2, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and early growth response (Egr)-1, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were detected.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18343629 Li Z, Xia X, Zhang S, Zhang A, Bo W, Zhou R: Up-regulation of Toll-like receptor 4 was suppressed by emodin and baicalin in the setting of acute pancreatitis. Biomed Pharmacother. 2009 Feb;63(2):120-8. Epub 2008 Feb 27.

Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and baicalin, a flavone from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, both have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities.
The results showed that combination of emodin and baicalin significantly reduced serum amylase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6, attenuated pancreatic and pulmonary damage, also suppressed TLR4 expression in pancreas and lung.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11731918 Wei BL, Lu CM, Tsao LT, Wang JP, Lin CN: In vitro anti-inflammatory effects of quercetin 3-O-methyl ether and other constituents from Rhamnus species. Planta Med. 2001 Nov;67(8):745-7.

The anti-inflammatory activities of the isolated flavonoids, quercetin 3-O-methyl ether (1), kaempferol (2), and quercetin (3), of Rhamnus nakaharai, and anthraquinone, frangulin B (4), of Rhamnus formosana, were assessed in vitro by determining their inhibitory effects on the chemical mediators released from mast cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and microglial cells.
Compound 1 exhibited potent inhibitory effect on tumor-necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha) formation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells while 1 and 4 showed potent inhibitory effects on TNF-alpha formation in LPS/IFN-gamma (interferon-gamma)-stimulated murine microglial cell lines N9.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19357036 Li ZF, Xia XM, Huang C, Zhang S, Zhang J, Zhang AJ: Emodin and baicalein inhibit pancreatic stromal derived factor-1 expression in rats with acute pancreatitis. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int. 2009 Apr;8(2):201-8.

Emodin, an anthraquinone derivative from Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, and baicalein, a flavone from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, both have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory activities.
The level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and MPO in the pancreas, and serum amylase were tested by immunohistochemistry, ELISA and chromatometry.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17268114 Takashima J, Ikeda Y, Komiyama K, Hayashi M, Kishida A, Ohsaki A: New constituents from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia. Chem Pharm Bull. 2007 Feb;55(2):343-5.


A new iridoid glycoside, citrifoside (1), and a new anthraquinone, 1,5,15-trimethylmorindol (2), together with 24 known compounds, were isolated from the leaves of Morinda citrifolia.
0(0,0,0,0) Details