Protein Information

Name quinone reductase
Synonyms Quinone oxidoreductase; Crystallin zeta; Zeta crystallin; Crystallin zetas; Quinone oxidoreductases; Zeta crystallins; CRYZ; Zeta crystalline…

Compound Information

Name anthraquinone
CAS 9,10-anthracenedione

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16378361 Pawlus AD, Su BN, Keller WJ, Kinghorn AD: An anthraquinone with potent quinone reductase-inducing activity and other constituents of the fruits of Morinda citrifolia (noni). J Nat Prod. 2005 Dec;68(12):1720-2.
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1370456 Rao PV, Krishna CM, Zigler JS Jr: Identification and characterization of the enzymatic activity of zeta-crystallin from guinea pig lens. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 5;267(1):96-102.

Among the various quinones tested, the orthoquinones 1,2-naphthoquinone and 9,10-phenanthrenequinone were the best substrates whereas menadione, ubiquinone, 9,10-anthraquinone, vitamins K1 and K2 were inactive as substrates.
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18076142 Deng Y, Chin YW, Chai H, Keller WJ, Kinghorn AD: Anthraquinones with quinone reductase-inducing activity and benzophenones from Morinda citrifolia (noni) roots. J Nat Prod. 2007 Dec;70(12):2049-52. Epub 2007 Dec 13.

Of the isolated compounds, four known anthraquinones, namely, 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone ( 3), 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone ( 4), 2-hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl) anthraquinone ( 5), and 1,3,6-trihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone ( 6), exhibited quinone reductase (QR)- inducing activity in Hepa lclc7 cells, with concentrations required to double QR activity of 12.0, 8.1, 0.94, and 0.56 microM, respectively.
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18548247 Liu G, Zhou J, Jin R, Zhou M, Wang J, Lu H, Qu Y: Enhancing survival of Escherichia coli by expression of azoreductase AZR possessing quinone reductase activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2008 Sep;80(3):409-16. Epub 2008 Jun 12.

It could reduce naphthoquinones and anthraquinones, such as menadione, lawsone, anthraquinone-2-sulfonate, and anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate.
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1731940 Prestera T, Prochaska HJ, Talalay P: Inhibition of NAD (P) H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase by cibacron blue and related anthraquinone dyes: a structure-activity study. Biochemistry. 1992 Jan 28;31(3):824-33.

Cibacron Blue, a widely used ligand for affinity chromatography, is a potent inhibitor of NAD (P) H:(quinone-acceptor) oxidoreductase (EC 1.6.99.2) (quinone reductase).
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9884315 Kitamura S, Sugihara K, Tatsumi K: A unique tertiary amine N-oxide reduction system composed of quinone reductase and heme in rat liver preparations. Drug Metab Dispos. 1999 Jan;27(1):92-7.

When menadione was replaced with 1, 4-naphthoquinone or 9,10-anthraquinone, similar results were obtained in the cytosolic reduction.
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9625728 Kumagai Y, Nakajima H, Midorikawa K, Homma-Takeda S, Shimojo N: Inhibition of nitric oxide formation by neuronal nitric oxide synthase by quinones: nitric oxide synthase as a quinone reductase. Chem Res Toxicol. 1998 Jun;11(6):608-13.

Reductase activity of PQ by purified nNOS required CaCl2/calmodulin and was markedly suppressed by the flavoprotein inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium but not by l-nitroarginine which is a specific inhibitor for NO formation. nNOS effectively reduced the quinones as well as PQ causing a marked decrease in the production of NO from l-arginine, while 1, 4-benzoquinone, 9,10-anthraquinone, mitomycin C, and lapachol, which show negligible inhibitory action on nNOS activity, were poor substrates for the enzyme on reduction.
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15202509 Jing YW, Yi J, Chen YY, Hu QS, Shi GY, Li H, Tang XM: Dicoumarol alters cellular redox state and inhibits nuclear factor kappa B to enhance arsenic trioxide-induced apoptosis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin. 2004 Mar;36(3):235-42.

In the present study, we attempt to explore if dicoumarol, an inhibitor of NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1), alters the cellular redox state and how this alteration affects the redox-related apoptosis.
Flow cytometry was used to assess the reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptotic rates of HeLa cells treated with arsenic trioxide (As2O3) alone or in combination with natural anthraquinone emodin and dicoumarol or plus N-acetyl-cysteine.
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19666717 Liu G, Zhou J, Fu QS, Wang J: The Escherichia coli azoreductase AzoR Is involved in resistance to thiol-specific stress caused by electrophilic quinones. J Bacteriol. 2009 Oct;191(20):6394-400. Epub 2009 Aug 7.

It was found that AzoR was capable of reducing several benzo-, naphtho-, and anthraquinone compounds, which were better substrates for AzoR than the model azo substrate methyl red.
These data indicated that AzoR is a quinone reductase providing resistance to thiol-specific stress caused by electrophilic quinones.
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12590585 Zhou Z, Fisher D, Spidel J, Greenfield J, Patson B, Fazal A, Wigal C, Moe OA, Madura JD: Kinetic and docking studies of the interaction of quinones with the quinone reductase active site. Biochemistry. 2003 Feb 25;42(7):1985-94.

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