Protein Information

Name catalase
Synonyms CAT; Catalase; Erythrocyte derived growth promoting factor; Carnitine O acetyltransferase; Carnitine acetylase; Carnitine acetyltransferase; CAT; Catalases…

Compound Information

Name amitrole
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
2912161 Guidet BR, Shah SV: In vivo generation of hydrogen peroxide by rat kidney cortex and glomeruli. Am J Physiol. 1989 Jan;256(1 Pt 2):F158-64.


Aminotriazole irreversibly inactivates catalase only in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, and previous studies have shown that aminotriazole-mediated inhibition of catalase is a measure of in vivo changes in the hydrogen peroxide generation.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
16168691 Bagnyukova TV, Storey KB, Lushchak VI: Adaptive response of antioxidant enzymes to catalase inhibition by aminotriazole in goldfish liver and kidney. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 2005 Nov;142(3):335-41. Epub 2005 Sep 15.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
3271871 Sichak SP, Mavis RD, Finkelstein JN, Clarkson TW: An examination of the oxidation of mercury vapor by rat brain homogenate. J Biochem Toxicol. 1986 Mar;1(1):53-68.


The role of catalase compound I in mercury vapor oxidation by brain homogenate was examined by observing the effects of two inhibitors of catalase (catalase compound I) on homogenate mercury-oxidizing activity and catalase activity.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
2611816 Simmons TW, Jamall IS: Relative importance of intracellular glutathione peroxidase and catalase in vivo for prevention of peroxidation to the heart. Cardiovasc Res. 1989 Sep;23(9):774-9.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
3985946 Darr D, Fridovich I: Inhibition of catalase by 3,3'-diaminobenzidine. Biochem J. 1985 Mar 15;226(3):781-7.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
16102377 Manrique HM, Miquel M, Aragon CM: Brain catalase mediates potentiation of social recognition memory produced by ethanol in mice. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2005 Sep 1;79(3):343-50. Epub 2005 Apr 22.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
2999539 Aragon CM, Spivak K, Amit Z: Blockade of ethanol induced conditioned taste aversion by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole: evidence for catalase mediated synthesis of acetaldehyde in rat brain. Life Sci. 1985 Dec 2;37(22):2077-84.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
3567333 Panchenko LF, Pirozhkov SV, Popova SV, Antonenkov VD: [Effect of ethanol and the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole on lipid peroxidation in the rat myocardium]. Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1987 Apr;103(4):407-10.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2176263 Duval DL, Howard D, McCalden TA, Billings RE: The determination of myeloperoxidase activity in liver. . Life Sci. 1990;47(24):PL145-50.


The inhibitor was identified as catalase based upon its elution from the columns and removal with 3-amino- 1,2,4-triazole (AT), a catalase inhibitor.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8460719 Kim KJ, Suh DJ: Asymmetric effects of H2O2 on alveolar epithelial barrier properties. Am J Physiol. 1993 Mar;264(3 Pt 1):L308-15.


To determine the degree of cellular catalase participation in protection against H2O2 injury to the barrier, experiments were repeated in the presence of 20 mM aminotriazole (ATAZ; an inhibitor of catalase) in the same bathing fluid as the hydroperoxide.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2133088 Koop DR: Inhibition of ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450IIE1 by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Chem Res Toxicol. 1990 Jul-Aug;3(4):377-83.


However, the autoinactivation was completely prevented by the addition of catalase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11536262 Thirunavukarasu PP, Wallace EM: Measurement of inhibin A: a modification to an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Prenat Diagn. 2001 Aug;21(8):638-41.


In the present study we have confirmed for one of those ELISAs that short-term sample storage as whole blood leads to a significant decline in detectable inhibin A and that this is most likely due to erythrocyte catalase interference with a critical oxidation step in the assay.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8299988 Giulivi C, Hochstein P, Davies KJ: Hydrogen peroxide production by red blood cells. . Free Radic Biol Med. 1994 Jan;16(1):123-9.


In our studies, aminotriazole was used as an H2O2 dependent (irreversible) catalase inhibitor, and catalase inhibition was used as an indirect measure of H2O2 production.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6833495 Burger AG, Engler D, Buergi U, Weissel M, Steiger G, Ingbar SH, Rosin RE, Babior BM: Ether link cleavage is the major pathway of iodothyronine metabolism in the phagocytosing human leukocyte and also occurs in vivo in the rat. J Clin Invest. 1983 Apr;71(4):935-49.


ELC was enhanced by the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole, and was inhibited by the peroxidase inhibitor propylthiouracil, suggesting that the enzyme is a peroxidase and that hydrogen peroxide (H (2) O (2)) is a necessary cofactor in the reaction.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1275501 Jones GL, Masters CJ: On the turnover and proteolysis of catalase in tissues of the guinea pig and acatalasemic mice. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1976 Apr;173(2):463-71.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
4402915 Thurman RG, Ley HG, Scholz R: Hepatic microsomal ethanol oxidation. Eur J Biochem. 1972 Feb;25(3):420-30.


Hydrogen peroxide formation and the role of catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7527573 Van den Branden C, Vamecq J, Verbeelen D, Roels F: In vivo hydrogen peroxide production in rat remnant kidney. . Ren Physiol Biochem. 1994 Sep-Oct;17(5):240-5.


The peroxisomal L-alpha-hydroxyacid oxidase and L-lactate oxidase as well as the peroxisomal H2O2 scavenger catalase preserve their activity.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11577197 Yuasa T, Ichimura K, Mizoguchi T, Shinozaki K: Oxidative stress activates ATMPK6, an Arabidopsis homologue of MAP kinase. . Plant Cell Physiol. 2001 Sep;42(9):1012-6.


In leaves, ATMPK6 was activated by paraquat and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (a catalase inhibitor).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3107850 Krauss RS, Eling TE: Macromolecular binding of the thyroid carcinogen 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (amitrole) catalyzed by prostaglandin H synthase, lactoperoxidase and thyroid peroxidase. Carcinogenesis. 1987 May;8(5):659-64.

0(0,0,0,0) Details
3008887 Dallegri F, Patrone F, Ballestrero A, Frumento G, Sacchetti C: Inhibition of neutrophil cytolysin production by target cells. Blood. 1986 May;67(5):1265-72.


The lysis was inhibited by azide, catalase, chloride-free medium and amino acids, suggesting the requirement for myeloperoxidase (MPO), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), chloride ions (Cl-), and hypochlorous acid (HOC1), respectively.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
2646962 Aragon CM, Spivak K, Amit Z: Effects of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on ethanol-induced open-field activity: evidence for brain catalase mediation of ethanol's effects. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1989 Feb;13(1):104-8.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
8451258 Aragon CM, Amit Z: Differences in ethanol-induced behaviors in normal and acatalasemic mice: systematic examination using a biobehavioral approach. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1993 Mar;44(3):547-54.


In studies designed to further examine the previously reported involvement of catalase in ethanol-induced effects, we attempted to confirm earlier observations by using normal (C3H-N) and acatalasemic (C3H-A) mice.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
1757301 Zhang J, Piantadosi CA: Prevention of H2O2 generation by monoamine oxidase protects against CNS O2 toxicity. J Appl Physiol. 1991 Sep;71(3):1057-61.


We investigated the relationship between regional generation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the brain in the presence of an irreversible inhibitor of catalase, aminotriazole (ATZ), and protection from CNS O2 toxicity by a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, pargyline.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
9558485 Masaki H, Okano Y, Sakurai H: Differential role of catalase and glutathione peroxidase in cultured human fibroblasts under exposure of H2O2 or ultraviolet B light. Arch Dermatol Res. 1998 Mar;290(3):113-8.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
15223305 Abilio VC, Silva RH, Carvalho RC, Grassl C, Calzavara MB, Registro S, D'Almeida V, Ribeiro Rde A, Frussa-Filho R: Important role of striatal catalase in aging- and reserpine-induced oral dyskinesia. Neuropharmacology. 2004 Aug;47(2):263-72.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
1995347 Middelkoop E, Strijland A, Tager JM: Does aminotriazole inhibit import of catalase into peroxisomes by retarding unfolding?. FEBS Lett. 1991 Feb 11;279(1):79-82.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
19075818 Mondal P, Ray M, Sahu S, Sabat SC: Co-expression of GroEL/ES enhances the expression of plant catalase in bacterial cytosol. Protein Pept Lett. 2008;15(10):1075-8.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
15234257 Canales JJ: Catalase-independent early-gene expression in rat brain following acute ethanol exposure. Brain Res. 2004 Jul 30;1016(1):96-101.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
10600493 Maccarrone M, Salucci ML, Melino G, Rosato N, Finazzi-Agro A: The early phase of apoptosis in human neuroblastoma CHP100 cells is characterized by lipoxygenase-dependent ultraweak light emission. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Nov 30;265(3):758-62.


The increase in luminescence was paralleled by increased 5-lipoxygenase (up to 250% of the control value) and decreased catalase (down to 50%) activity within the same time window.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9721600 Rastogi L, Patnaik GK, Dikshit M: Free radicals and antioxidant status following pylorus ligation induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Pharmacol Res. 1998 Aug;38(2):125-32.


MDA level, myeloperoxidase (a neutrophil maker) and catalase activity in the rat stomach homogenate were augmented 2, 4 and 19 h after pylorus ligation.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17854709 O'Hara KA, Wu X, Patel D, Liang H, Yalowich JC, Chen N, Goodfellow V, Adedayo O, Dmitrienko GI, Hasinoff BB: Mechanism of the cytotoxicity of the diazoparaquinone antitumor antibiotic kinamycin F. Free Radic Biol Med. 2007 Oct 15;43(8):1132-44. Epub 2007 Jul 13.


The GSH-promoted DNA nicking induced by kinamycin F in vitro was attenuated by deferoxamine, dimethyl sulfoxide, and catalase, which indicated that DNA damage initiated by this agent occurred in an iron-, hydrogen-peroxide-, and hydroxyl-radical-dependent manner.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8771766 Nag AC, Sreepathi P, Lee ML, Reddan JR: Effect of oxidative insult on young and adult cardiac muscle cells in vitro. Cytobios. 1996;85(340):7-27.


Microscopical studies suggested a more marked protection by catalase than by glutathione reductase in the neonatal cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4727356 Teruya A, Higashi T: Differential effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on multiple forms of rat liver catalase. Chem Pharm Bull. 1973 Apr;21(4):840-5.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
11673077 Tayama S, Nakagawa Y: Cytogenetic effects of propyl gallate in CHO-K1 cells. Mutat Res. 2001 Nov 15;498(1-2):117-27.


Both catalase and AT suppressed the induction of SCEs by GA or inhibited cell proliferation, indicating that H (2) O (2) participated in the effects.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16407272 Ishihara Y, Shimamoto N: Involvement of endonuclease G in nucleosomal DNA fragmentation under sustained endogenous oxidative stress. J Biol Chem. 2006 Mar 10;281(10):6726-33. Epub 2006 Jan 4.


We have previously shown that inhibition of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MS), respectively, in rat primary hepatocytes caused sustained endogenous oxidative stress and apoptotic cell death without caspase-3 activation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3768046 Darr D, Fridovich I: Irreversible inactivation of catalase by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Oct 15;35(20):3642.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
6406261 Nickla H, Anderson J, Palzkill T: Enzymes involved in oxygen detoxification during development of Drosophila melanogaster. Experientia. 1983 Jun 15;39(6):610-2.


Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidases (PER) were examined at 24-h intervals during Drosophila development.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7649359 Bjorkman U, Ekholm R: Hydrogen peroxide degradation and glutathione peroxidase activity in cultures of thyroid cells. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1995 Apr 28;111(1):99-107.


The involvement of enzymes in H2O2 degradation was studied by inhibiting catalase with aminotriazole (ATZ) and reducing GSH peroxidase by omitting glucose in the incubation medium.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8967353 Kingma JG Jr, Simard D, Rouleau JR, Tanguay RM, Currie RW: Effect of 3-aminotriazole on hyperthermia-mediated cardioprotection in rabbits. Am J Physiol. 1996 Apr;270(4 Pt 2):H1165-71.


In this study we investigated the effects of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT), an irreversible catalase inhibitor, in heat-shocked (HS) rabbits subjected to ischemia-reperfusion injury.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
10227131 Ohwada T, Shirakawa Y, Kusumoto M, Masuda H, Sato T: Susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide and catalase activity of root nodule bacteria. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1999 Mar;63(3):457-62.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
1727639 Spitz DR, Adams DT, Sherman CM, Roberts RJ: Mechanisms of cellular resistance to hydrogen peroxide, hyperoxia, and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal toxicity: the significance of increased catalase activity in H2O2-resistant fibroblasts. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 Jan;292(1):221-7.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
9530823 Kashiwagi A, Kashiwagi K, Takase M, Hanada H, Yamashita M, Naitoh T, Nakamura M: Inhibitor and temperature effect on catalase in the liver of adult diploid and haploid Rana rugosa. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1998 Jan;119(1):235-9.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
1397503 van Eyk AD, Litthauer D, Oelofsen W: The isolation and partial characterization of catalase and a peroxidase active fraction from human white adipose tissue. Int J Biochem. 1992 Jul;24(7):1101-9.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
208649 Bhuyan KC, Bhuyan DK: Superoxide dismutase of the eye: relative functions of superoxide dismutase and catalase in protecting the ocular lens from oxidative damage. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Aug 3;542(1):28-38.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
3029209 Turrens JF, Giulivi C, Boveris A: Increased spontaneous chemiluminescence from liver homogenates and isolated hepatocytes upon inhibition of O2- and H2O2 utilization. J Free Radic Biol Med. 1986;2(2):135-40.


The intracellular steady-state concentrations of hydrogen peroxide or superoxide anion were increased by inhibiting either catalase, glutathione peroxidase, or superoxide dismutase activities.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
14550752 Dorval J, Hontela A: Role of glutathione redox cycle and catalase in defense against oxidative stress induced by endosulfan in adrenocortical cells of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2003 Oct 15;192(2):191-200.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2576777 Barja de Quiroga G, Lopez-Torres M, Perez-Campo R: Catalase is needed to avoid tissue peroxidation in Rana perezi in normoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1989;94(2):391-8.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
14980700 Hashimoto T, Ibi M, Matsuno K, Nakashima S, Tanigawa T, Yoshikawa T, Yabe-Nishimura C: An endogenous metabolite of dopamine, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethanol, acts as a unique cytoprotective agent against oxidative stress-induced injury. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Mar 1;36(5):555-64.


In these cells, augmented activity of catalase was demonstrated, while the levels of glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activity remained unchanged.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9612287 Weissmann N, Grimminger F, Voswinckel R, Conzen J, Seeger W: Nitro blue tetrazolium inhibits but does not mimic hypoxic vasoconstriction in isolated rabbit lungs. Am J Physiol. 1998 May;274(5 Pt 1):L721-7.


Both agents may stimulate guanylate cyclase, the latter via conversion to hydrogen peroxide and formation of compound I with catalase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3711540 Tsiplenkova VG, Vikhert AM, Cherpachenko NM: Ultrastructural and histochemical observations in human and experimental alcoholic cardiomyopathy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1986 Jul;8(1 Suppl A):22A-32A.


The morphologic features of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in human sudden death compared with those of experimental alcoholic cardiomyopathy (6 weeks of alcohol administration and simultaneous inhibition of catalase activity) proved to be nearly identical.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
11726392 Lavrentiadou SN, Chan C, Kawcak T, Ravid T, Tsaba A, van der Vliet A, Rasooly R, Goldkorn T: Ceramide-mediated apoptosis in lung epithelial cells is regulated by glutathione. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2001 Dec;25(6):676-84.


Moreover, increase of intracellular H (2) O (2), mediated by inhibition of catalase by aminotriazole, also induces ceramide generation and apoptosis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15868480 Lamarche F, Gonthier B, Signorini N, Eysseric H, Barret L: Impact of ethanol and acetaldehyde on DNA and cell viability of cultured neurones. Cell Biol Toxicol. 2004 Nov;20(6):361-74.


ROS also reduced viability, but this was observed only after both cytochrome P450 stimulation and catalase inhibition.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4342227 Herzog V, Miller F: Endogenous peroxidase in the lacrimal gland of the rat and its differentiation against injected catalase and horseradish-peroxidase. Histochemie. 1972;30(3):235-46.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
6521729 Masters C, Crane D: On the role of peroxisomes in the metabolism of lipids--evidence from studies on mammalian tissues in vivo. Mol Cell Biochem. 1984 Nov;65(1):23-35.


Clofibrate, for example, acts through induction of peroxisomal oxidases and catalase; glycolate and ethanol through activation of this pathway; and aminotriazole and allylisopropylacetamide through inhibition of the catalase step in the sequence.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10443915 Karasu C: Increased activity of H2O2 in aorta isolated from chronically streptozotocin-diabetic rats: effects of antioxidant enzymes and enzymes inhibitors. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Jul;27(1-2):16-27.


Our observations suggest that increased production of oxygen-derived free radicals (OFRs) in diabetic state leads to a decrease in SOD activity resulting an increase in endogenous superoxide anions (O2*-), that is limited cytotoxic actions, and an increase in catalase activity resulting a decrease in both H2O2 concentrations and the production of harmful hydroxyl radical (*OH) in diabetic aorta in long-term.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17597214 Domico LM, Cooper KR, Bernard LP, Zeevalk GD: Reactive oxygen species generation by the ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC) fungicide mancozeb and its contribution to neuronal toxicity in mesencephalic cells. Neurotoxicology. 2007 Nov;28(6):1079-91. Epub 2007 May 22.


Inhibition of intracellular catalase with aminotriazole had little effect on H (2) O (2) generation, whereas exogenously added catalase significantly reduced H (2) O (2) production, demonstrating a large extracellular contribution to ROS generation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1910297 van der Zel A, Dadoo R, Geer BW, Heinstra PW: The involvement of catalase in alcohol metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1991 May 15;287(1):121-7.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
7004234 Cohen G, Sinet PM, Heikkila R: Ethanol oxidation by rat brain in vivo. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1980 Oct;4(4):366-70.


Can brain metabolize ethanol? We present data demonstrating that brain catalase in conjunction with endogenous H2O2 will oxidize ethanol in vivo.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
170980 Williams-Smith DL, Patel K: Induced changes in the electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of mammalian catalases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Oct 20;405(2):243-52.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
18587667 Correa M, Manrique HM, Font L, Escrig MA, Aragon CM: Reduction in the anxiolytic effects of ethanol by centrally formed acetaldehyde: the role of catalase inhibitors and acetaldehyde-sequestering agents. Psychopharmacology. 2008 Nov;200(4):455-64. Epub 2008 Jun 30.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
7625566 Reddy BV, Boyadjieva N, Sarkar DK: Effect of ethanol, propanol, butanol, and catalase enzyme blockers on beta-endorphin secretion from primary cultures of hypothalamic neurons: evidence for a mediatory role of acetaldehyde in ethanol stimulation of beta-endorphin release. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 1995 Apr;19(2):339-44.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
10068450 Lord-Fontaine S, Averill DA: Enhancement of cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide by hyperthermia in chinese hamster ovary cells: role of antioxidant defenses. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1999 Mar 15;363(2):283-95.


We determine the involvement of the two cellular antioxidant defenses against peroxides, catalase and the glutathione redox cycle, in cellular sensitivity to heat, to hydrogen peroxide, and to heat combined with the oxidant.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
1632841 Aragon CM, Rogan F, Amit Z: Ethanol metabolism in rat brain homogenates by a catalase-H2O2 system. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Jul 7;44(1):93-8.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
2100169 Green K, Costarides AP, Riley MV: Role of glutathione in the regulation of anterior chamber hydrogen peroxide. Lens Eye Toxic Res. 1990;7(3-4):419-26.


Catalase inhibition leads to an increase in the t 1/2 for hydrogen peroxide loss from the anterior chamber and increased tissue damage.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7931250 Barwell CJ, Ebrahimi SA: Some problems associated with measuring monoamine oxidase activity in the presence of sodium azide. J Neural Transm Suppl. 1994;41:35-9.


The colourimetric assay of monoamine oxidase activity, as hydrogen peroxide production, normally requires the use of sodium azide to inhibit breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
8216363 Ou P, Wolff SP: Aminoguanidine: a drug proposed for prophylaxis in diabetes inhibits catalase and generates hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Oct 5;46(7):1139-44.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
12711621 Rabelo LA, Cortes SF, Alvarez-Leite JI, Lemos VS: Endothelium dysfunction in LDL receptor knockout mice: a role for H2O2. Br J Pharmacol. 2003 Apr;138(7):1215-20.


Aminotriazole (50 mM), which inhibits catalase, abolished its effect on control mice.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8569280 Yuan H, Kaneko T, Matsuo M: Relevance of oxidative stress to the limited replicative capacity of cultured human diploid cells: the limit of cumulative population doublings increases under low concentrations of oxygen and decreases in response to aminotriazole. Mech Ageing Dev. 1995 Jul 14;81(2-3):159-68.


When TIG-7 cells were serially cultivated in the presence of 10 mM or 20 mM 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole, an inhibitor of catalase scavenging hydrogen peroxide, the limit of their cumulative population doublings was shortened by 4.4% or 14.4%, respectively, as compared with untreated cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19578781 Han YH, Park WH: The effects of N-acetyl cysteine, buthionine sulfoximine, diethyldithiocarbamate or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on antimycin A-treated Calu-6 lung cells in relation to cell growth, reactive oxygen species and glutathione. Oncol Rep. 2009 Aug;22(2):385-91.


Here, we examined the effects of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC, a well known antioxidant), L-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis), diethyl-dithiocarbamate (DDC, an inhibitor of Cu, Zn-SOD) or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT, an inhibitor of catalase) on AMA-treated Calu-6 cells in relation to cell death, ROS and GSH levels.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9037247 Renard P, Zachary MD, Bougelet C, Mirault ME, Haegeman G, Remacle J, Raes M: Effects of antioxidant enzyme modulations on interleukin-1-induced nuclear factor kappa B activation. Biochem Pharmacol. 1997 Jan 24;53(2):149-60.


In this study, we systematically evaluated the influence of glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and catalase on IL-1-induced NF-kappa B activation by analysing the effect of specific inhibitors of these enzymes.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9635878 Hwua YS, Yang JL: Effect of 3-aminotriazole on anchorage independence and mutagenicity in cadmium- and lead-treated diploid human fibroblasts. Carcinogenesis. 1998 May;19(5):881-8.


Both cadmium and lead significantly induced anchorage-independent colonies in dose-dependent manners; the frequencies of anchorage-independent colonies induced by these metals were similar to those induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine at approximately equal cytotoxic dose ranges (30-10% survival). 3-Aminotriazole at non-cytotoxic dosages decreased catalase activity by > 80%, and markedly enhanced cadmium-induced cytotoxicity and anchorage-independent colonies.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2416291 Premereur N, Van den Branden C, Roels F: Demonstration of H2O2 production in vivo during aminopyrine metabolism and phenobarbital induction. Arch Int Physiol Biochim. 1985 Sep;93(3):241-8.


It has been shown previously that, by using methanol and a catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1, 2, 4,-triazole, changes in hepatic H2O2 production in vivo can be detected.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7562957 Cai Y, Appelkvist EL, DePierre JW: Hepatic oxidative stress and related defenses during treatment of mice with acetylsalicylic acid and other peroxisome proliferators. J Biochem Toxicol. 1995 Apr;10(2):87-94.


Cotreatment of mice with the peroxisome proliferator ASA (1%, w/w) and a catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT; 0.4%, w/w) for 7 days resulted in little inhibition of peroxisome proliferation, an elevated level of H2O2 in vivo, and total inhibition of the increased susceptibility to lipid peroxidation in vitro.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1924513 Aragon CM, Spivak K, Amit Z: Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on ethanol-induced narcosis, lethality and hypothermia in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1991 May;39(1):55-9.


It has been proposed that ethanol can be oxidized in brain via the peroxidatic activity of catalase and that centrally formed acetaldehyde may mediate several of the psychopharmacological actions of ethanol.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
7586320 Auyeung Y, Sievers RE, Weng D, Barbosa V, Wolfe CL: Catalase inhibition with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole does not abolish infarct size reduction in heat-shocked rats. Circulation. 1995 Dec 1;92(11):3318-22.


However, heat shock also induces myocardial catalase activity, potentially reducing free radical-mediated ischemic injury.
5(0,0,0,5) Details
8926339 Ou P, Wolff SP: A discontinuous method for catalase determination at 'near physiological' concentrations of H2O2 and its application to the study of H2O2 fluxes within cells. J Biochem Biophys Methods. 1996 Jan 11;31(1-2):59-67.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
170981 Williams-Smith DL, Morrison PJ: Electron paramagnetic resonance spectra of catalase in mammalian tissues. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1975 Oct 20;405(2):253-61.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
18634817 Koepke JI, Wood CS, Terlecky LJ, Walton PA, Terlecky SR: Progeric effects of catalase inactivation in human cells. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2008 Oct 1;232(1):99-108. Epub 2008 Jun 24.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8865862 Korybalska K, Breborowicz A, Martis L, Oreopoulos DG: In vitro detection of hydrogen peroxide in mesothelial cells. Adv Perit Dial. 1996;12:7-10.


Hydrogen peroxide can be indirectly detected in mesothelial cells by measuring the rate of inhibition of the intracellular catalase activity by 3-amino-1, 2,3-triazole (AT).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7546330 Tampier L, Quintanilla ME, Mardones J: Effects of aminotriazole on ethanol, water, and food intake and on brain catalase in UChA and UChB rats. Alcohol. 1995 Jul-Aug;12(4):341-4.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2764932 Orii Y, Sakai Y, Ozawa K: Ubiquitous formation of catalase compound II in hemoglobin-free perfused rat liver and detection of novel spectral species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1989 Aug 15;162(3):1272-8.

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12681527 Quertemont E, Escarabajal MD, De Witte P: Role of catalase in ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversion: a study with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2003 May 1;70(1):77-83.

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12022476 Gechev T, Gadjev I, Van Breusegem F, Inze D, Dukiandjiev S, Toneva V, Minkov I: Hydrogen peroxide protects tobacco from oxidative stress by inducing a set of antioxidant enzymes. Cell Mol Life Sci. 2002 Apr;59(4):708-14.


Tolerance against oxidative stress generated by high light intensities or the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole (AT) was induced in intact tobacco plants by spraying them with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
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17660523 Zimatkin SM, Buben AL: Ethanol oxidation in the living brain. . Alcohol Alcohol. 2007 Nov-Dec;42(6):529-32. Epub 2007 Jul 28.


AIM: The examination of the possibility of ethanol oxidation in the brain in vivo and the evaluation of the enzyme catalase in this process.
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3445547 Antonenkov VD, Gusev VA, Krasnova SN: [Effect of ethanol and the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole on the activity of antioxidative enzymes in the rat liver and heart]. Vopr Med Khim. 1987 Nov-Dec;33(6):59-64.

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17961299 Ishihara Y, Shimamoto N: Critical role of exposure time to endogenous oxidative stress in hepatocyte apoptosis. Redox Rep. 2007;12(6):275-81.


We have previously shown that inhibition of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat primary hepatocytes by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MS) results in sustained oxidative stress, followed by apoptosis.
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11413233 Ehrhart J, Zeevalk GD: Hydrogen peroxide removal and glutathione mixed disulfide formation during metabolic inhibition in mesencephalic cultures. J Neurochem. 2001 Jun;77(6):1496-507.


Treatment of mesencephalic cultures with 10 microM buthionine sulfoximine for 24 h depleted total GSH by 60%, whereas 3 h exposure to 5 mM 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole irreversibly inactivated catalase activity by 90%.
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2612724 Antonenkov VD, Pirozhkov SV, Popova SV, Panchenko LF: Effect of chronic ethanol, catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and clofibrate treatment on lipid peroxidation in rat myocardium. Int J Biochem. 1989;21(12):1313-8.

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2736964 Brown JM, Grosso MA, Banerjee A, Whitman GJ, Repine JE, Harken AH: Erythrocyte catalase decreases cardiac reperfusion injury. Curr Surg. 1989 Mar-Apr;46(2):122-4.

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1953728 Metodiewa D, Dunford HB: 3-Aminotriazole is a substrate for lactoperoxidase but not for catalase. . Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1991 Oct 31;180(2):585-90.


Rapid scan spectrophotometry has been applied to investigate the reaction of 3-aminotriazole with mammalian heme enzymes, represented by lactoperoxidase and bovine liver catalase.
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710686 Crane D, Holmes RS, Masters CJ: On the relative rates of synthesis and degradation of catalase in vertebrate tissues. Int J Biochem. 1978;9(8):589-96.

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166481 Gotoh M, Griffin C, Hruban Z: Effect of citrate and aminotriazole on matrical plates induced in hepatic microbodies. Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol. 1975;17(4):279-94.


Sodium citrate and aminotriazole and feeding decrease also the activity of hepatic catalase in rats fed ASA.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4696518 Haining JL, Legan JS: Catalase turnover in rat liver and kidney as a function of age. Exp Gerontol. 1973 Apr;8(2):85-91.

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2285988 Hashimoto F, Sugimoto C, Hayashi H: Inhibition of cholesterol synthesis from mevalonate by aminotriazole treatment in vivo. Chem Pharm Bull. 1990 Sep;38(9):2532-6.


3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole (aminotriazole) is an irreversible inhibitor of catalase which is a marker enzyme of peroxisomes.
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3034677 Vince GS, Dean RT: Is enhanced free radical flux associated with increased intracellular proteolysis?. FEBS Lett. 1987 Jun 1;216(2):253-6.


Depletion of the antioxidant glutathione and inhibition of catalase also increased proteolysis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11966208 Loshchagin OV, Kovalenko RI, Nozdrachev AD, Ianvareva IN, Krivoruchko BI: [Possible role of catalase in the adaptation to diving in semiaquatic rodents Ondatra zibethica] Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol. 2002 Jan-Feb;38(1):71-5.

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18457571 Bayliak M, Gospodaryov D, Semchyshyn H, Lushchak V: Inhibition of catalase by aminotriazole in vivo results in reduction of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Biochemistry. 2008 Apr;73(4):420-6.

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889879 Bhuyan KC, Bhuyan DK: Regulation of hydrogen peroxide in eye humors. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 May 26;497(3):641-51.


Effect of 3-amino-1H-1,2,4-triazole on catalase and glutathione peroxidase of rabbit eye..
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11730782 Kotze AC, McClure SJ: Haemonchus contortus utilises catalase in defence against exogenous hydrogen peroxide in vitro. Int J Parasitol. 2001 Dec;31(14):1563-71.

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8031146 Averill-Bates DA, Przybytkowski E: The role of glucose in cellular defences against cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1994 Jul;312(1):52-8.


Clonogenic survival and activity of the cycle for cells depleted of total glutathione to about 8.6% of its initial value and/or with catalase activity reduced to about 10% of control levels were also determined.
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8158665 Steare SE, Yellon DM: The protective effect of heat stress against reperfusion arrhythmias in the rat. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1993 Dec;25(12):1471-81.


This protection against reperfusion arrhythmias was associated with a two-fold increase in endogenous catalase activity and expression of the inducible heat stress protein HSP 70.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
11510883 Kim CH, Choi H, Chun YS, Kim GT, Park JW, Kim MS: Hyperbaric oxygenation pretreatment induces catalase and reduces infarct size in ischemic rat myocardium. Pflugers Arch. 2001 Jul;442(4):519-25.

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1962528 Ohmori T, Ogata M: Methemoglobin formation by potassium ferrocyanide in the hemolysate of acatalasemic mice. Acta Med Okayama. 1991 Aug;45(4):209-15.


In the present study, effect of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) on metHb formation by potassium ferrocyanide was examined spectrophotometrically in the hemolysates of acatalasemic, homozygous hypocatalasemic and normal mice.
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20032404 Bechtel W, Bauer G: Modulation of intercellular ROS signaling of human tumor cells. . Anticancer Res. 2009 Nov;29(11):4559-70.


Tumor cells are resistant against apoptosis-inducing intercellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling but can be resensitized by the inhibition of catalase.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3169364 Antonenkov VD, Panchenko LF: Effect of chronic ethanol treatment under partial catalase inhibition on the activity of enzymes related to peroxide metabolism in rat liver and heart. Int J Biochem. 1988;20(8):823-8.

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15907765 Kashiwagi K, Shinkai T, Kajii E, Kashiwagi A: The effects of reactive oxygen species on amphibian aging. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 Feb;140(2):197-205.


Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in 10-year-old liver decreased 40-80% from 3-year-old liver levels.
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8285684 Visscher PT, Taylor BF: A new mechanism for the aerobic catabolism of dimethyl sulfide. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Nov;59(11):3784-9.


H2O2 formed during CH3SH oxidation is destroyed by catalase.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16798037 Freitas DR, Rosa RM, Moraes J, Campos E, Logullo C, Da Silva Vaz I Jr, Masuda A: Relationship between glutathione S-transferase, catalase, oxygen consumption, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress in eggs and larvae of Boophilus microplus (Acarina: Ixodidae). Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol. 2007 Apr;146(4):688-94. Epub 2006 May 16.

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19151196 Zmijewski JW, Lorne E, Zhao X, Tsuruta Y, Sha Y, Liu G, Abraham E: Antiinflammatory effects of hydrogen peroxide in neutrophil activation and acute lung injury. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Apr 15;179(8):694-704. Epub 2009 Jan 16.


OBJECTIVES: To address the role that increases in intracellular H (2) O (2) may play in acute inflammatory processes, we examined the effects of catalase inhibition or the absence of catalase on LPS-induced inflammatory responses.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7195942 Kino M: Chronic effects of ethanol under partial inhibition of catalase activity in the rat heart: light and electron microscopic observations. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1981 Jan;13(1):5-21.

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12947053 Navabpour S, Morris K, Allen R, Harrison E, A-H-Mackerness S, Buchanan-Wollaston V: Expression of senescence-enhanced genes in response to oxidative stress. J Exp Bot. 2003 Oct;54(391):2285-92. Epub 2003 Aug 28.


Treatment of Arabidopsis cotyledon and leaf tissues with the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, or with silver nitrate result in the enhanced expression of LSC54.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
872941 Deis FH, Lin GW, Lester D: In vitro inhibition of catalase by 4-hydroxypyrazole, a metabolite of pyrazole. FEBS Lett. 1977;78(1):81-2.

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1847583 Mugge A, Elwell JH, Peterson TE, Harrison DG: Release of intact endothelium-derived relaxing factor depends on endothelial superoxide dismutase activity. Am J Physiol. 1991 Feb;260(2 Pt 1):C219-25.


We impaired antioxidant defense in normal vascular tissue by inhibiting catalase activity with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), superoxide dismutase with diethyldithiocarbamate (DETC), and by reducing glutathione content via inhibiting glutathione synthesis with L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine (BSO).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16136055 Nie H, Xiong L, Lao N, Chen S, Xu N, Zhu Z: Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning induces tolerance against spinal cord ischemia by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes in rabbits. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2006 May;26(5):666-74.


Activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase were increased in spinal cord tissue in the HBO group 24 h after the last pretreatment and reached a higher level after spinal cord ischemia for 20 mins followed by reperfusion for 24 or 48 h, in comparison with those in control and HBA groups.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18669883 Edwards DH, Li Y, Griffith TM: Hydrogen peroxide potentiates the EDHF phenomenon by promoting endothelial Ca2+ mobilization. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008 Oct;28(10):1774-81. Epub 2008 Jul 31.


CPA-evoked relaxations were attenuated by exogenous catalase and potentiated by the catalase inhibitor 3-aminotriazole, and were abolished by the connexin-mimetic peptide (43) Gap26, which interrupts intercellular communication via gap junctions constructed from connexin 43.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17387509 Yu Y, Zhong MK, Li J, Sun XL, Xie GQ, Wang W, Zhu GQ: Endogenous hydrogen peroxide in paraventricular nucleus mediating cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex and regulating sympathetic activity. Pflugers Arch. 2007 Jul;454(4):551-7. Epub 2007 Mar 27.


Bilateral microinjection of polyethylene glycol-catalase (PEG-CAT, an analogue of endogenous catalase) or polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD, an analogue of endogenous superoxide dismutase) into the PVN abolished the CSAR, decreased baseline RSNA and mean arterial pressure (MAP).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10457996 Oliiarnyk OD, Velykyi MM, Makhnevych TR: [Features of the inhibition of catalase activity by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in erythrocytes and liver of rats with streptozotocin diabetes]. Ukr Biokhim Zh. 1999 Jan-Feb;71(1):77-82.

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10928718 Escarabajal D, Miquel M, Aragon CM: A psychopharmacological study of the relationship between brain catalase activity and ethanol-induced locomotor activity in mice. J Stud Alcohol. 2000 Jul;61(4):493-8.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
12538343 Chuang SM, Wang IC, Hwua YS, Yang JL: Short-term depletion of catalase suppresses cadmium-elicited c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation and apoptosis: role of protein phosphatases. Carcinogenesis. 2003 Jan;24(1):7-15.

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3790167 Handler JA, Bradford BU, Glassman E, Ladine JK, Thurman RG: Catalase-dependent ethanol metabolism in vivo in deermice lacking alcohol dehydrogenase. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Dec 15;35(24):4487-92.

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3729967 DeMaster EG, Redfern B, Shirota FN, Nagasawa HT: Differential inhibition of rat tissue catalase by cyanamide. Biochem Pharmacol. 1986 Jul 1;35(13):2081-5.

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10333085 Xu L, Badr MZ: Enhanced potential for oxidative stress in hyperinsulinemic rats: imbalance between hepatic peroxisomal hydrogen peroxide production and decomposition due to hyperinsulinemia. Horm Metab Res. 1999 Apr;31(4):278-82.


Consequently, this study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of sustained high serum insulin levels on the activity of hepatic catalase, a peroxisomal antioxidant enzyme involved in the decomposition of H2O2.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
420858 McMahon S, Stern A: The interrelationship of superoxide dismutase and peroxidatic enzymes in the red cell. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1979 Feb 9;566(2):253-8.


Activities of superoxide dismutase (superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) and catalase (hydrogen-peroxide:hydrogen-peroxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.11.1.6) were determined during the course of incubation of red cell suspensions with 1,4-naphthoquinone-2-sulfonic acid.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
12775721 Chovolou Y, Watjen W, Kampkotter A, Kahl R: Resistance to tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced apoptosis in rat hepatoma cells expressing TNF-alpha is linked to low antioxidant enzyme expression. J Biol Chem. 2003 Aug 8;278(32):29626-32. Epub 2003 May 29.


Catalase expression and activity were lower in Yv2-12 and Yv13-44 cells than in H4IIE cells; furthermore, the transfectants were more susceptible to H2O2.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
18818525 Oh SH, Kim YS, Lim SC, Hou YF, Chang IY, You HJ: Dihydrocapsaicin (DHC), a saturated structural analog of capsaicin, induces autophagy in human cancer cells in a catalase-regulated manner. Autophagy. 2008 Nov 16;4(8):1009-19. Epub 2008 Nov 2.

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7670505 Bi YM, Kenton P, Mur L, Darby R, Draper J: Hydrogen peroxide does not function downstream of salicylic acid in the induction of PR protein expression. Plant J. 1995 Aug;8(2):235-45.


H2O2 and the irreversible catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) were found to be weak inducers of PR-1a expression (relative to SA) in wild-type tobacco but were unable to induce PR-1a in SH-L plants, suggesting that the action of these compounds depends upon the accumulation of SA.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
16910777 Dasgupta J, Subbaram S, Connor KM, Rodriguez AM, Tirosh O, Beckman JS, Jourd'Heuil D, Melendez JA: Manganese superoxide dismutase protects from TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by increasing the steady-state production of H2O2. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2006 Jul-Aug;8(7-8):1295-305.


The rate of aminotriazole-inhibited catalase activity also was increased when SOD2 is overexpressed and reflects a 1.6-fold increase in the steady-state production of H (2) O (2).
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1567224 Royall JA, Gwin PD, Parks DA, Freeman BA: Responses of vascular endothelial oxidant metabolism to lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 May 1;294(2):686-94.


We determined a basal intracellular H2O2 concentration of 32.8 +/- 10.7 pM in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells by kinetic analysis of aminotriazole-mediated inactivation of endogenous catalase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7930939 Dannenberg AM Jr, Schofield BH, Rao JB, Dinh TT, Lee K, Boulay M, Abe Y, Tsuruta J, Steinbeck MJ: Histochemical demonstration of hydrogen peroxide production by leukocytes in fixed-frozen tissue sections of inflammatory lesions. J Leukoc Biol. 1994 Oct;56(4):436-43.


Catalase (150 micrograms/ml, about 1400 U/ml) inhibited the reaction, indicating that H2O2 was required to produce the chromogenic DAB product.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9208153 Mian KB, Martin W: Hydrogen peroxide-induced impairment of reactivity in rat isolated aorta: potentiation by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Br J Pharmacol. 1997 Jun;121(4):813-9.


In this study the impairment induced by hydrogen peroxide of vascular reactivity and the role of endogenous catalase in protection against this impairment was assessed in isolated rings of rat aorta. 2.
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2162328 Geffner JR, Minnucci F, Isturiz MA: Neutrophil-mediated cytotoxicity induced by secretory IgA. Immunol Lett. 1990 May;24(2):113-6.


Catalase completely impaired this non-specific cytotoxicity (NSC), while superoxide dismutase (SOD) significantly enhanced it, suggesting a key role for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the lysis of target cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10569634 Shiba D, Shimamoto N: Attenuation of endogenous oxidative stress-induced cell death by cytochrome P450 inhibitors in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Nov;27(9-10):1019-26.


To produce endogenous oxidative stress, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MS), which are known to inhibit catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, respectively, were used.
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49150 Breton-Gorius J, Guichard J: Fine structural and cytochemical identification of microperoxisomes in developing human erythrocytic cells. Am J Pathol. 1975 Jun;79(3):523-36.


These findings suggest that small granules seen in maturing erythroblasts contain catalase and that they correspond to microperoxisomes described in other tissues.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2903826 Michiels C, Remacle J: Use of the inhibition of enzymatic antioxidant systems in order to evaluate their physiological importance. Eur J Biochem. 1988 Nov 1;177(2):435-41.


Inhibition values were obtained for catalase with aminotriazole, for superoxide dismutase with diethyldithiocarbamate, for glutathione peroxidase with mercaptosuccinate, for glutathione reductase with bischloroethylnitrosourea and for glutathione synthesis with buthionine sulfoximine.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10858500 Calera JA, Sanchez-Weatherby J, Lopez-Medrano R, Leal F: Distinctive properties of the catalase B of Aspergillus nidulans. FEBS Lett. 2000 Jun 16;475(2):117-20.


Aspergillus nidulans catalase B (CatB) was purified to homogeneity and characterized as a hydroperoxidase which resembles typical catalases in some physicochemical characteristics: (1) it has an apparent molecular weight of 360000 and is composed of four glycosylated subunits, (2) it has hydrophobic properties as revealed by extractability in ethanol/chloroform and binding to phenyl-Superose, and (3) it has an acidic isoelectric point at pH 3. 5.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
14962975 Carter AB, Tephly LA, Venkataraman S, Oberley LW, Zhang Y, Buettner GR, Spitz DR, Hunninghake GW: High levels of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activity dampen H2O2 signaling in human alveolar macrophages. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2004 Jul;31(1):43-53. Epub 2004 Feb 12.

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12594029 Ueda M, Kinoshita H, Yoshida T, Kamasawa N, Osumi M, Tanaka A: Effect of catalase-specific inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on yeast peroxisomal catalase in vivo. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Feb 14;219(1):93-8.

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3427989 Csukas S, Costarides A, Riley MV, Green K: Hydrogen peroxide in the rabbit anterior chamber: effects on glutathione, and catalase effects on peroxide kinetics. Curr Eye Res. 1987 Dec;6(12):1395-402.

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4040372 Ribiere C, Sinaceur J, Nordmann J, Nordmann R: Discrepancy between the different subcellular activities of rat liver catalase and superoxide dismutases in response to acute ethanol administration. Alcohol Alcohol. 1985;20(1):13-8.

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8098954 Muriana FJ, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Relimpio AM: Is hydrogen peroxide involved in the benzyl viologen-mediated in-vivo inactivation of rat liver glutamine synthetase?. Int J Exp Pathol. 1993 Apr;74(2):219-24.


An increase in the rat liver catalase activity was found concomitantly.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
2782423 Guidet B, Shah SV: Enhanced in vivo H2O2 generation by rat kidney in glycerol-induced renal failure. Am J Physiol. 1989 Sep;257(3 Pt 2):F440-5.


Aminotriazole-mediated inhibition of catalase has been used in previous studies as a measure of in vivo changes in the hydrogen peroxide generation.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
9435555 Spolarics Z, Wu JX: Role of glutathione and catalase in H2O2 detoxification in LPS-activated hepatic endothelial and Kupffer cells. Am J Physiol. 1997 Dec;273(6 Pt 1):G1304-11.

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15042439 Kashkin VA, De Witte P: Ethanol but not acetaldehyde induced changes in brain taurine: a microdialysis study. Amino Acids. 2004 Mar;26(2):117-24. Epub 2003 Dec 22.


Research has suggested that catalase plays a role in mediating ethanol's psychopharmacological effects.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
2058415 Agardh CD, Zhang H, Smith ML, Siesjo BK: Free radical production and ischemic brain damage: influence of postischemic oxygen tension. Int J Dev Neurosci. 1991;9(2):127-38.


At the end of this period, the animals were decapitated for assessment of H2O2 production with the aminotriazole/catalase method.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
6367914 Steiner B, Wong GH, Drummond L, Graves S: The role of respiratory protection on increased survival of Treponema pallidum (Nichols) when cocultivated with mammalian cells in vitro. Can J Microbiol. 1983 Nov;29(11):1595-600.


Addition of catalase to the incubation medium enhanced T. pallidum survival when co-incubation was carried out under aerobic conditions.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
17110013 Orozco-Ibarra M, Medina-Campos ON, Sanchez-Gonzalez DJ, Martinez-Martinez CM, Floriano-Sanchez E, Santamaria A, Ramirez V, Bobadilla NA, Pedraza-Chaverri J: Evaluation of oxidative stress in D-serine induced nephrotoxicity. Toxicology. 2007 Jan 5;229(1-2):123-35. Epub 2006 Oct 20.


Additional experiments were performed using the following compounds with antioxidant or pro-oxidant effects before d-serine injection: (a) alpha-phenyl-tert-butyl-nitrone (PBN), a spin trapping agent; (b) 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrinato iron (III) (FeTPPS), a soluble complex able to metabolize peroxynitrite; (c) aminotriazole (ATZ), a catalase (CAT) inhibitor; (d) stannous chloride (SnCl (2)), an HO-1 inductor; (e) tin mesoporphyrin (SnMP), an HO inhibitor.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
10535764 Coto-Montes A, Hardeland R: Antioxidative effects of melatonin in Drosophila melanogaster: antagonization of damage induced by the inhibition of catalase. J Pineal Res. 1999 Oct;27(3):154-8.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
1958639 Costarides AP, Nelson E, Green K: Morphological sequelae of intracameral hydrogen peroxide after inhibition of glutathione synthesis. Lens Eye Toxic Res. 1991;8(4):441-7.


In animals pretreated with either intravenous 3-aminotriazole (3AT) alone, to suppress catalase activity, or intravitreal buthionine sulfoximine alone (BSO), to inhibit gamma-glutamyl synthetase activity, the endothelium was normal.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9731227 Ghanam K, Javellaud J, Ea-Kim L, Oudart N: The protective effect of 17 beta-estradiol on vasomotor responses of aorta from cholesterol-fed rabbit is reduced by inhibitors of superoxide dismutase and catalase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1998 Aug 28;249(3):858-64.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
6661212 Allen RG, Farmer KJ, Sohal RS: Effect of catalase inactivation on levels of inorganic peroxides, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, oxygen consumption and life span in adult houseflies (Musca domestica). Biochem J. 1983 Nov 15;216(2):503-6.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
2928952 Brown JM, Grosso MA, Whitman GJ, Banerjee A, Terada LS, Repine JE, Harken AH: The coincidence of myocardial reperfusion injury and hydrogen peroxide production in the isolated rat heart. Surgery. 1989 Apr;105(4):496-501.


To investigate the specific nature and timing of oxygen (O2) metabolite reperfusion injury, we used a rat-heart model (Langendorff's solution, 37 degrees C) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-dependent aminotriazole inactivation of catalase as a measure of myocardial H2O2 before, during, and after ischemia.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9705975 Dantuma NP, Pijnenburg MA, Diederen JH, Van der Horst DJ: Electron microscopic visualization of receptor-mediated endocytosis of Dil-labeled lipoproteins by diaminobenzidine photoconversion. J Histochem Cytochem. 1998 Sep;46(9):1085-89.


This background staining was completely abrogated by inhibition of peroxisomal catalase with aminotriazole.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9700086 Peterson MW, Kirschbaum J: Asbestos-induced lung epithelial permeability: potential role of nonoxidant pathways. Am J Physiol. 1998 Aug;275(2 Pt 1):L262-8.


We next depleted the cells of glutathione or catalase to determine whether depleting normal cellular antioxidants would increase the sensitivity to asbestos.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18439665 Chandrashekar KN, Muralidhara: Oxidative alterations induced by D-aspartic acid in prepubertal rat testis in vitro: a mechanistic study. Theriogenology. 2008 Jul 1;70(1):97-104. Epub 2008 Apr 24.


Further, DA-induced oxidative induction was potentiated (P <0.001) in the presence of iron (5 microM) and 3-amino triazole and mercaptosuccinate (P <0.001), known inhibitors of the peroxide metabolizing enzymes, catalase and glutathione peroxidase, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9035754 Manoilov SE, Sedykh NV, Firsova VI, Vennikas OR, Cheliadina LD: [The effect of catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on coupled oxidative phosphorylation and the state of adenyl system in liver mitochondria of albino rats] Biull Eksp Biol Med. 1996 Jun;121(6):638-40.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
12611279 Zheng QS, Zhang YT, Zheng RL: Ascorbic acid induces redifferentiation and growth inhibition in human hepatoma cells by increasing endogenous hydrogen peroxide. Pharmazie. 2002 Nov;57(11):753-7.


After treatment with AA, the content of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, while the activity of catalase (CAT) decreased in a concentration- and time-dependent manner.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15763964 Ishihara Y, Shiba D, Shimamoto N: Primary hepatocyte apoptosis is unlikely to relate to caspase-3 activity under sustained endogenous oxidative stress. Free Radic Res. 2005 Feb;39(2):163-73.


We previously showed that inhibition of catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities in rat primary hepatocytes by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (ATZ) and mercaptosuccinic acid (MS) results in endogenous oxidative stress and apoptosis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
4623463 Samis HV, Baird MB, Massie HR: Renewal of catalase activity in Drosophila following treatment with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. J Insect Physiol. 1972 May;18(5):991-1000.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
2172174 Mikalsen SO, Kaalhus O, Reith A, Sanner T: Role of catalase and oxidative stress in hepatic peroxisome proliferator-induced morphological transformation of Syrian hamster embryo cells. Int J Cancer. 1990 Nov 15;46(5):950-7.

Thus, increased transformation frequencies by HPPs should be obtained when catalase was inhibited by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (amitrole).
82(1,1,1,2) Details
8313532 Mikalsen SO, Sanner T: Increased gap junctional intercellular communication in Syrian hamster embryo cells treated with oxidative agents. Carcinogenesis. 1994 Feb;15(2):381-7.

The GJIC enhancement by H2O2 was slightly reduced by the addition of the hydroxyl radical scavenger dimethylsulphoxide or by the inhibition of catalase by amitrole.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
9804838 Bouvier F, Backhaus RA, Camara B: Induction and control of chromoplast-specific carotenoid genes by oxidative stress. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 13;273(46):30651-9.

Similarly, down-regulation of catalase by amitrole induces expression of carotenogenic gene mRNAs leading to the synthesis of capsanthin in excised green pericarp discs.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
10048749 Hussain S, Hass BS, Slikker W Jr, Ali SF: Reduced levels of catalase activity potentiate MPP+-induced toxicity: comparison between MN9D cells and CHO cells. Toxicol Lett. 1999 Jan 11;104(1-2):49-56.

10(0,0,0,10) Details
10656833 Putnam CD, Arvai AS, Bourne Y, Tainer JA: Active and inhibited human catalase structures: ligand and NADPH binding and catalytic mechanism. J Mol Biol. 2000 Feb 11;296(1):295-309.

5(0,0,0,5) Details
9433911 Yano S, Yano N, Rodriguez N, Baek JH, Que X, Yamamura Y, Kim SJ: Suppression of intracellular hydrogen peroxide generation and catalase levels in CD8+ T-lymphocytes from HIV+ individuals. Free Radic Biol Med. 1998 Jan 15;24(2):349-59.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8896899 Masuoka N, Wakimoto M, Ubuka T, Nakano T: Spectrophotometric determination of hydrogen peroxide: catalase activity and rates of hydrogen peroxide removal by erythrocytes. Clin Chim Acta. 1996 Oct 29;254(2):101-12.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
1407407 Aragon CM, Amit Z: The effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on voluntary ethanol consumption: evidence for brain catalase involvement in the mechanism of action. Neuropharmacology. 1992 Jul;31(7):709-12.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
2824562 Winterbourn CC, Stern A: Human red cells scavenge extracellular hydrogen peroxide and inhibit formation of hypochlorous acid and hydroxyl radical. J Clin Invest. 1987 Nov;80(5):1486-91.


Contribution by the GSH system was slight, and apparent only with low H2O2 concentrations when catalase was inhibited by aminotriazole.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
10477740 Jing Y, Dai J, Chalmers-Redman RM, Tatton WG, Waxman S: Arsenic trioxide selectively induces acute promyelocytic leukemia cell apoptosis via a hydrogen peroxide-dependent pathway. Blood. 1999 Sep 15;94(6):2102-11.


Thus, NB4 cells have relatively low levels of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase and have a constitutively higher H (2) O (2) content than U937 monocytic leukemia cells.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3720947 Thayer WS: Role of catalase in metabolism of hydrogen peroxide by the perfused rat heart. FEBS Lett. 1986 Jun 23;202(1):137-40.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2488015 Costarides A, Recasens JF, Riley MV, Green K: The effects of ascorbate, 3-aminotriazole, and 1,3-bis-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea on hydrogen peroxide levels in the rabbit aqueous humor. Lens Eye Toxic Res. 1989;6(1-2):167-73.


3-aminotriazole (3-AT), a catalase inhibitor, given to pigmented rabbits in 0.2% drinking solution for 43 days, produced cataractous changes and over a 50% reduction in iris and ciliary process catalase activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8279580 Maitre B, Jornot L, Junod AF: Effects of inhibition of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity on antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels. Am J Physiol. 1993 Dec;265(6 Pt 1):L636-43.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
7989270 Love DN, Redwin J: Characterization of the catalase of the genus Porphyromonas isolated from cats. J Appl Bacteriol. 1994 Oct;77(4):421-5.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
2251784 Antonenkov VD, Pirozhkov SV, Popova SV, Panchenko LF: [The effect of ethanol and the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on lipid peroxidation in rat liver homogenate and subcellular fractions]. Vopr Med Khim. 1990 Sep-Oct;36(5):15-8.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
8469024 Perez-Campo R, Lopez-Torres M, Rojas C, Cadenas S, Barja de Quiroga G: Lung glutathione reductase induction in aging catalase-depleted frogs correlates with early survival throughout the life span. Mech Ageing Dev. 1993 Feb;67(1-2):115-27.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
15621054 Lauer N, Suvorava T, Ruther U, Jacob R, Meyer W, Harrison DG, Kojda G: Critical involvement of hydrogen peroxide in exercise-induced up-regulation of endothelial NO synthase. Cardiovasc Res. 2005 Jan 1;65(1):254-62.


METHODS: To address this question, we generated mice overexpressing human catalase (hCat) driven by the murine Tie-2 promoter to specifically target this transgene to the endothelium (cat (++)).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7528112 Kurose I, Wolf R, Grisham MB, Aw TY, Specian RD, Granger DN: Microvascular responses to inhibition of nitric oxide production. Circ Res. 1995 Jan;76(1):30-9.


Treatment with either catalase or dimethylthiourea attenuated the L-NAME-induced oxidative stress, albumin leakage, and leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2168950 Barja de Quiroga G, Perez-Campo R, Lopez-Torres M: Changes on cerebral antioxidant enzymes, peroxidation, and the glutathione system of frogs after aging and catalase inhibition. J Neurosci Res. 1990 Jul;26(3):370-6.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
8021293 Hiraishi H, Terano A, Razandi M, Pedram A, Sugimoto T, Harada T, Ivey KJ: Reactive oxygen metabolite-induced toxicity to cultured bovine endothelial cells: status of cellular iron in mediating injury. J Cell Physiol. 1994 Jul;160(1):132-4.


Prevention of xanthine oxidase-induced damage by catalase was blocked by an inhibitor of catalase, aminotriazole.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9381482 Kanthasamy AG, Ardelt B, Malave A, Mills EM, Powley TL, Borowitz JL, Isom GE: Reactive oxygen species generated by cyanide mediate toxicity in rat pheochromocytoma cells. Toxicol Lett. 1997 Sep 19;93(1):47-54.


Also antioxidant defense enzymes (CuZn superoxide dismutase and especially catalase) in PC12 cells are inhibited by cyanide.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9931285 Shaikh ZA, Vu TT, Zaman K: Oxidative stress as a mechanism of chronic cadmium-induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity and protection by antioxidants. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1999 Feb 1;154(3):256-63.


Depletion of glutathione following buthionine sulfoximine administration at the end of Week 5, or inhibition of catalase by aminotriazole at the end of Week 7, resulted in the development of acute nephrotoxicity within 6 h.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
170803 Thurman RG, Oshino N, Chance B: The role of hydrogen peroxide production and catalase in hepatic ethanol metabolism. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1975;59:163-83.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
7598537 Takano JI, Koizumi H, Ohkawara A, Kamo N, Ueda T: Ultraviolet action spectra for peroxide generation in human and pig epidermal keratinocytes loaded with dihydrorhodamine 123. Arch Dermatol Res. 1995;287(3-4):321-5.


Aminotriazole, an inhibitor of catalase, and low temperatures increased the stationary levels of peroxide generation in pig keratinocytes upon UV irradiation, indicating that the reaction used for measuring intracellular peroxides is competitive with the intrinsic reactions in scavenging peroxides.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3421709 Miccadei S, Kyle ME, Gilfor D, Farber JL: Toxic consequence of the abrupt depletion of glutathione in cultured rat hepatocytes. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1988 Sep;265(2):311-20.


Inhibition of glutathione reductase by 1,3-bis (2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or inhibition of catalase by aminotriazole sensitized the hepatocytes to the cytotoxicity of DNFB.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
856192 Ishii H, Suga T, Ninobe S: Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole treatment on catalase activity and triglyceride level in fatty liver of the rat. Biochem Pharmacol. 1977 Apr 1;26(7):625-8.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
11283936 Kahlos K, Soini Y, Sormunen R, Kaarteenaho-Wiik R, Paakko P, Linnainmaa K, Kinnula VL: Expression and prognostic significance of catalase in malignant mesothelioma. Cancer. 2001 Apr 1;91(7):1349-57.

9(0,0,0,9) Details
6378202 DeMaster EG, Shirota FN, Nagasawa HT: The metabolic activation of cyanamide to an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase is catalyzed by catalase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1984 Jul 18;122(1):358-65.

9(0,0,0,9) Details
16728955 Kang YS, Lee DH, Yoon BJ, Oh DC: Purification and characterization of a catalase from photosynthetic bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum S1 grown under anaerobic conditions. J Microbiol. 2006 Apr;44(2):185-91.

9(0,0,0,9) Details
15696052 Grigoryants V, Hannawa KK, Pearce CG, Sinha I, Roelofs KJ, Ailawadi G, Deatrick KB, Woodrum DT, Cho BS, Henke PK, Stanley JC, Eagleton MJ, Upchurch GR: Tamoxifen up-regulates catalase production, inhibits vessel wall neutrophil infiltration, and attenuates development of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Vasc Surg. 2005 Jan;41(1):108-14.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
1646749 Paller MS: Hydrogen peroxide and ischemic renal injury: effect of catalase inhibition. Free Radic Biol Med. 1991;10(1):29-34.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
8400028 Amrani M, Allen NJ, O'Shea J, Corbett J, Dunn MJ, Tadjkarimi S, Theodoropoulos S, Pepper J, Yacoub MH: Role of catalase and heat shock protein on recovery of cardiac endothelial and mechanical function after ischemia. Cardioscience. 1993 Sep;4(3):193-8.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
3428124 D'Alessandro N, Nicotra C, Crescimanno M, Rausa L: Effects of doxorubicin on mouse heart catalase. . Drugs Exp Clin Res. 1987;13(10):601-6.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8060524 Koechling UM, Amit Z: Effects of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on brain catalase in the mediation of ethanol consumption in mice. Alcohol. 1994 May-Jun;11(3):235-9.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
12439864 Chen C, Hennig GE, Whiteley HE, Manautou JE: Protection against acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by clofibrate pretreatment: role of catalase induction. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2002;16(5):227-34.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
10468195 Pedraza-Chaverri J, Granados-Silvestre MD, Medina-Campos ON, Hernandez-Pando R: Effect of the in vivo catalase inhibition on aminonucleoside nephrosis. . Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Aug;27(3-4):245-53.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
7921163 Cadenas S, Rojas C, Perez-Campo R, Lopez-Torres M, Barja G: Effect of dietary vitamin C and catalase inhibition of antioxidants and molecular markers of oxidative damage in guinea pigs. Free Radic Res. 1994 Aug;21(2):109-18.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
14553939 Ro YT, Lee HI, Kim EJ, Koo JH, Kim E, Kim YM: Purification, characterization, and physiological response of a catalase-peroxidase in Mycobacterium sp. strain JC1 DSM 3803 grown on methanol. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2003 Sep 26;226(2):397-403.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
11673067 Chao JI, Yang JL: Alteration of cadmium-induced mutational spectrum by catalase depletion in Chinese hamster ovary-K1 cells. Mutat Res. 2001 Nov 15;498(1-2):7-18.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
18234233 Yuan B, Ohyama K, Bessho T, Uchide N, Toyoda H: Imbalance between ROS production and elimination results in apoptosis induction in primary smooth chorion trophoblast cells prepared from human fetal membrane tissues. Life Sci. 2008 Mar 12;82(11-12):623-30. Epub 2007 Dec 28.


In this study, we examined the role of ROS elimination system (e.g., antioxidant enzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and catalase) in the apoptosis induction of the chorion cells, since the apoptosis induction by oxidative stress is a result of imbalance between production and elimination of ROS.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
7682576 Scott MD, van den Berg JJ, Repka T, Rouyer-Fessard P, Hebbel RP, Beuzard Y, Lubin BH: Effect of excess alpha-hemoglobin chains on cellular and membrane oxidation in model beta-thalassemic erythrocytes. J Clin Invest. 1993 Apr;91(4):1706-12.


In addition, alpha-hemoglobin chain loading resulted in a direct decrease (38.5%) in catalase activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6530393 Hayashi H, Fukui K, Yamasaki F: Association of the liver peroxisomal fatty acyl-CoA beta-oxidation system with the synthesis of bile acids. J Biochem. 1984 Dec;96(6):1713-9.


It is known that fatty acyl-CoA oxidase [EC 1.3.99.3] in peroxisomal FAOS conjugates with catalase [EC 1.11.1.6].
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8536535 Batra SC, Haber PS, Mirmiran-Yazdy FS, Korsten MA, Gentry RT, Lieber CS: Gastric metabolism of ethanol in Syrian golden hamster. Dig Dis Sci. 1995 Dec;40(12):2712-6.


In contrast to alcohol dehydrogenase, catalase activity in hamster gastric mucosa (870 +/- 93 units/g tissue) was eightfold higher than in rat gastric mucosa (111 +/- 9 units/g tissue; P < 0.0001).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16103719 Dhaunsi GS, Al-Essa M, Muawad W, Srivastava BS, Rashwan N: Very-long-chain fatty acids activate lysosomal hydrolases in neonatal human skin tissue. Med Princ Pract. 2005;14 Suppl 1:92-7.


ATZ (1-5 mM), an inhibitor of key peroxi somal enzyme catalase, also markedly increased the enzymic activities of acid phosphatase, alpha-glucosidase (23%) and alpha-galactosidase (18%) without any significant effect on NAGA or NAGTA.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2077003 Engstrom PC, Easterling L, Baker RR, Matalon S: Mechanisms of extracellular hydrogen peroxide clearance by alveolar type II pneumocytes. J Appl Physiol. 1990 Dec;69(6):2078-84.


When coincubated with 300 microM H2O2, ATII cells cleared H2O2 at a higher rate than an equivalent amount of free catalase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1520249 Konno N, Kako KJ: Role of cellular defense against hydrogen peroxide-induced inhibition of myocyte respiration. Basic Res Cardiol. 1992 May-Jun;87(3):239-49.


Cellular defense was attenuated by i) inhibiting the catalase activity by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), ii) reducing the glutathione concentration by diethyl maleate (DEM) or ethacrinic acid (EA), and iii) permeabilizing the sarcolemmal membrane by saponin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3954830 Wickramasinghe SN: Observations on the biochemical basis of ethanol metabolism by human macrophages. Alcohol Alcohol. 1986;21(1):57-63.


The metabolism of ethanol (0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml) to acetate by blood-monocyte-derived macrophages was only slightly inhibited by pyrazole, 4-iodopyrazole and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole indicating that it was largely independent of alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
666320 Jones GL, Masters CJ: On the synthesis and degradation of the multiple forms of catalase in mouse liver: effects of aminotriazole and p-chlorophenoxyisobutric acid ethyl ester. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1978 Apr 30;187(2):431-40.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
4038347 Williams RN, Delamere NA, Paterson CA: Inactivation of catalase with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole: an indirect irreversible mechanism. Biochem Pharmacol. 1985 Sep 15;34(18):3386-9.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
17139608 Alconada TM, Juarez MP: Acyl-CoA oxidase activity from Beauveria bassiana, an entomopathogenic fungus. J Basic Microbiol. 2006;46(6):435-43.


In the presence of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT) to prevent H2O2 consumption by endogenous catalase, the lag phase became shorter and disappeared when AT concentrations were raised from 40 to 200 mM, thus enhancing acyl-CoA oxidation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
7752581 Zent R, Ailenberg M, Waddell TK, Downey GP, Silverman M: Puromycin aminonucleoside inhibits mesangial cell-induced contraction of collagen gels by stimulating production of reactive oxygen species. Kidney Int. 1995 Mar;47(3):811-7.


Aminotriazole, an inhibitor of endogenous catalase, inhibited mesangial cell-induced gel contraction in a dose dependent manner (5 mM to 40 mM), and this effect was completely reversed by addition of catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
15528010 Lamarche F, Signorini-Allibe N, Gonthier B, Barret L: Influence of vitamin E, sodium selenite, and astrocyte-conditioned medium on neuronal survival after chronic exposure to ethanol. Alcohol. 2004 Jun;33(2):127-38.


In the presence of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole, a catalase inhibitor that created conditions that were favorable to reactive oxygen species accumulation, trolox was able to counteract the deleterious effect of the inhibitor.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
12198405 Sanchis-Segura C, Aragon CM: Brain catalase inhibition blocks ethanol-related decrease of blood luteinizing hormone levels in mice. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2002 Aug;26(8):1275-80.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
9467862 Kashiwagi A, Kashiwagi K, Takase M, Hanada H, Nakamura M: Comparison of catalase in diploid and haploid Rana rugosa using heat and chemical inactivation techniques. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol. 1997 Nov;118(3):499-503.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
1859472 Aragon CM, Rogan F, Amit Z: Dose- and time-dependent effect of an acute 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole injection on rat brain catalase activity. Biochem Pharmacol. 1991 Jul 15;42(3):699-702.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
10976731 Ball BA, Gravance CG, Medina V, Baumber J, Liu IK: Catalase activity in equine semen. Am J Vet Res. 2000 Sep;61(9):1026-30.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
8821941 Milano A, De Rossi E, Gusberti L, Heym B, Marone P, Riccardi G: The katE gene, which encodes the catalase HPII of Mycobacterium avium. Mol Microbiol. 1996 Jan;19(1):113-23.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
6365291 Jouve HM, Lasauniere C, Pelmont J: Properties of a catalase from a peroxide-resistant mutant of Proteus mirabilis. Can J Biochem Cell Biol. 1983 Nov;61(11):1219-27.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
18207 Isaacs JT, Binkley F: Cyclic AMP-dependent control of the rat hepatic glutathione disulfide-sulfhydryl ratio. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Jun 23;498(1):29-38.


Also, dibutyryl cyclic AMP caused hepatic catalase activity to decrease and to increase hepatic production of peroxide molecules.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
7126616 Jones GL, Neill AR: The effects of clofibrate and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on liver catalase and lipid metabolism in mice. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1982 Aug 18;712(2):420-6.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
1560230 Przedborski S, Jackson-Lewis V, Kostic V, Carlson E, Epstein CJ, Cadet JL: Superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities in copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase transgenic mice. J Neurochem. 1992 May;58(5):1760-7.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
8288557 Makino N, Mochizuki Y, Bannai S, Sugita Y: Kinetic studies on the removal of extracellular hydrogen peroxide by cultured fibroblasts. J Biol Chem. 1994 Jan 14;269(2):1020-5.


It was concluded that reactions 1 and 2 are principally due to GSH peroxidase and catalase, respectively.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
11790383 Shahidullah M, Duncan A, Strachan PD, Rafique KM, Ball SL, McPate MJ, Nelli S, Martin W: Role of catalase in the smooth muscle relaxant actions of sodium azide and cyanamide. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Jan 18;435(1):93-101.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
12621067 Cicchetti R, Argentin G: The role of oxidative stress in the in vitro induction of micronuclei by pesticides in mouse lung fibroblasts. Mutagenesis. 2003 Mar;18(2):127-32.


The involvement of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase (both at 0.1 mg/ml) in defence against the genotoxicity of phosphamidon (80 microg/ml) and dieldrin (25 microM) was investigated in order to demonstrate that the two pesticides damage DNA through the generation of reactive oxygen species and therefore of oxidative stress.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
11250878 Asano T, Hattori T, Tada T, Kajikuri J, Kamiya T, Saitoh M, Yamada Y, Itoh M, Itoh T: Role of the epithelium in opposing H (2) O (2)-induced modulation of acetylcholine-induced contractions in rabbit intrapulmonary bronchiole. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Mar;132(6):1271-80.


Catalase (500 u ml (-1)) completely blocked both H (2) O (2)-induced effects on ACh-contractions (enhancement and inhibition).
3(0,0,0,3) Details
9140708 Maenishi O, Ito H, Suzuki T: Acceleration of hypertensive cerebral injury by the inhibition of xanthine-xanthine oxidase system in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens. 1997 May;19(4):461-77.


It is well-known that, in ischemic cerebral injury, a free radical and its byproducts are generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and eliminated by scavengers such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, uric acid and ascorbic acid.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1605888 Aragon CM, Pesold CN, Amit Z: Ethanol-induced motor activity in normal and acatalasemic mice. Alcohol. 1992 May-Jun;9(3):207-11.


The role of brain catalase in modulating the psychopharmacological effects of ethanol was investigated by examining ethanol induced motor activity in normal, C3H-N, and a corresponding group of acatalasemic C3H-A, mice.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
8168729 Konorev EA, Struck AT, Baker JE, Ramanujam S, Thomas JP, Radi R, Kalyanaraman B: Intracellular catalase inhibition does not predispose rat heart to ischemia-reperfusion and hydrogen peroxide-induced injuries. Free Radic Res Commun. 1993;19(6):397-407.


The objective of this study was to determine whether inhibition of intracellular catalase would decrease the tolerance of the heart to ischemia-reperfusion and hydrogen peroxide-induced injuries.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
731180 Feinstein RN, Fry RJ, Staffeldt EF: Comparative effects of aminotriazole on normal and acatalasemic mice. J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1978 Jul-Aug;1(6):779-89.


Some pharmacological and toxicological effects of dietary 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), a known catalase inhibitor, antithyroid agent, and carcinogen, have been examined, using acatalasemic (Csb) and normal catalase, "wild-type" (Csa) substrains of highly inbred C3H and C57BL mice.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1369090 Okuda T, Matsuda Y, Sugawara M, Sagisaka S: Metabolic response to treatment with cold, paraquat, or 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole in leaves of winter wheat. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 1992 Dec;56(12):1911-5.


We assayed the activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, catalase, dehydroascorbate reductase and ascorbate free radical reductase and levels of hydrogen peroxide, glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-6-phosphate, ascorbate, dehydroascorbate, reduced and oxidized glutathione.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9950959 Zent R, Ailenberg M, Downey GP, Silverman M: ROS stimulate reorganization of mesangial cell-collagen gels by tyrosine kinase signaling. Am J Physiol. 1999 Feb;276(2 Pt 2):F278-87.


Exposure of mesangial cells grown in three-dimensional culture to H2O2, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (a catalase inhibitor), or puromycin is associated with gel reorganization accompanied by tyrosine phosphorylation of multiple proteins, including focal adhesion kinase (FAK).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6956216 Hirschelmann R, Bekemeier H: Anti-inflammatory activity of catalase in carrageenin edema, manganese chloride edema and adjuvant arthritis of rats. Agents Actions Suppl. 1982;10:157-72.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
2486936 Green K, Greiff M, Cheeks L: Influence of hydrogen peroxide on adenine uptake by iris, ciliary epithelium and corneal endothelium. Lens Eye Toxic Res. 1989;6(3):405-14.


This occurred even with suppression of catalase activity using 3-aminotriazole.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1450319 Godwin JE, Heffner JE: Platelet prevention of oxidant lung oedema is not mediated through scavenging of hydrogen peroxide. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis. 1992 Oct;3(5):531-9.


This hypothesis was tested by asking two questions: (1) do glutathione-supplemented platelets demonstrate augmented lung protection compared with control platelets, and (2) does conjugation of platelet glutathione with 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene or inactivation of catalase with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole decrease in vitro platelet metabolism of hydrogen peroxide? We incubated washed human platelets with reduced glutathione or glutathione monoester and observed platelet glutathione contents of 181% and 189%, respectively, compared with control values.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1872989 Tampier L, Quintanilla ME: Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on the hypothermic effect of ethanol and on ethanol tolerance development. Alcohol. 1991 Jul-Aug;8(4):279-82.


The effect of aminotriazole (AT), inhibitor of catalase activity, on hypothermia and narcosis induced by ethanol and on the acquisition of tolerance to the ethanol hypothermic and narcotic effect was studied.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11353799 Hirsch-Ernst KI, Schlaefer K, Bauer D, Heder AF, Kahl GF: Repression of phenobarbital-dependent CYP2B1 mRNA induction by reactive oxygen species in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. Mol Pharmacol. 2001 Jun;59(6):1402-9.


Addition of H (2) O (2) or of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT) to the medium repressed induction to approximately 30% (at 1 mM H (2) O (2) and 2 mM AT, respectively).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8845916 Burdon RH, Gill V, Alliangana D: Hydrogen peroxide in relation to proliferation and apoptosis in BHK-21 hamster fibroblasts. Free Radic Res. 1996 Feb;24(2):81-93.


Other agents such as inhibitors of glutathione peroxidase and catalase, or mimics of superoxide dismutase, which also bring about elevated cellular levels of H2O2 in BHK-21 cells, similarly lead to decreased proliferation and an apparent increase in cells with apoptopic features.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16274876 Johnson RM, Goyette G Jr, Ravindranath Y, Ho YS: Hemoglobin autoxidation and regulation of endogenous H2O2 levels in erythrocytes. Free Radic Biol Med. 2005 Dec 1;39(11):1407-17. Epub 2005 Aug 24.


Methemoglobin and the rate of catalase inactivation by 3-amino-2,4,5-triazole (3-AT) were determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8947833 Miyamoto T, Hayashi M, Takeuchi A, Okamoto T, Kawashima S, Takii T, Hayashi H, Onozaki K: Identification of a novel growth-promoting factor with a wide target cell spectrum from various tumor cells as catalase. J Biochem. 1996 Oct;120(4):725-30.

8(0,0,0,8) Details
15319487 Treichel JL, Henry MM, Skumatz CM, Eells JT, Burke JM: Antioxidants and ocular cell type differences in cytoprotection from formic acid toxicity in vitro. Toxicol Sci. 2004 Nov;82(1):183-92. Epub 2004 Aug 19.


Here catalase and glutathione were analyzed in the two retinal cell lines to determine whether differences in these antioxidant systems contributed to cell-type-specific differences in cytotoxicity.
7(0,0,0,7) Details
16938317 Manrique HM, Miquel M, Aragon CM: Acute administration of 3-nitropropionic acid, a reactive oxygen species generator, boosts ethanol-induced locomotor stimulation. Neuropharmacology. 2006 Dec;51(7-8):1137-45. Epub 2006 Aug 28.


New support for the role of brain catalase in the behavioural effects of ethanol..
7(0,0,0,7) Details
9231701 Wang TS, Shu YF, Liu YC, Jan KY, Huang H: Glutathione peroxidase and catalase modulate the genotoxicity of arsenite. . Toxicology. 1997 Sep 5;121(3):229-37.

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10099326 Lu X, Roe F, Jesaitis A, Lewandowski Z: Resistance of biofilms to the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2, 4-triazole. Biotechnol Bioeng. 1998 Jul 20;59(2):156-62.

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9013132 Bouzyk E, Iwanenko T, Jarocewicz N, Kruszewski M, Sochanowicz B, Szumiel I: Antioxidant defense system in differentially hydrogen peroxide sensitive L5178Y sublines. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22(4):697-704.


The contribution of catalase, glutathione peroxidase (G-Px) and glutathione were evaluated.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
7946385 Kinnula VL, Yankaskas JR, Chang L, Virtanen I, Linnala A, Kang BH, Crapo JD: Primary and immortalized (BEAS 2B) human bronchial epithelial cells have significant antioxidative capacity in vitro. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1994 Nov;11(5):568-76.


Immunocytochemical studies showed a similar pattern of intracellular localization with the moderate degrees of labeling for Mn superoxide dismutase (SOD), CuZn SOD, and catalase in freshly isolated bronchial epithelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells in primary culture, and BEAS 2B cells.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
18797246 Pastor R, Aragon CM: Ethanol injected into the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus induces behavioral stimulation in rats: an effect prevented by catalase inhibition and naltrexone. Behav Pharmacol. 2008 Oct;19(7):698-705.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
15451066 Seo YJ, Lee JW, Lee EH, Lee HK, Kim HW, Kim YH: Role of glutathione in the adaptive tolerance to H2O2. Free Radic Biol Med. 2004 Oct 15;37(8):1272-81.


We sought to evaluate the contributions of catalase and the glutathione system to the adaptive tolerance to H2O2.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
1150002 Nakamura A, Miyazaki K, Nagao Y, Horio T: Effect of injection of nuclear fraction from Rhodamine sarcoma on turnover of liver catalase. Gann. 1975 Feb;66(1):75-83.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
6762127 Katoch VM, Wayne LG, Diaz GA: Serological approaches for the characterization of catalase in tissue-derived mycobacteria. Ann Microbiol. 1982 Nov-Dec;133(3):407-14.

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9241662 He XX, Nebert DW, Vasiliou V, Zhu H, Shertzer HG: Genetic differences in alcohol drinking preference between inbred strains of mice. Pharmacogenetics. 1997 Jun;7(3):223-33.


In B6 mice, we found that oral treatment with the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor disulfiram decreased alcohol preference by 50%, whereas oral treatment of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole increased alcohol drinking preference by 15-20%.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3426685 Kato S, Alderman J, Lieber CS: Ethanol metabolism in alcohol dehydrogenase deficient deermice is mediated by the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system, not by catalase. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:231-4.


The participation of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS) and catalase in total ethanol metabolism is reviewed.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9199892 Hanada H, Kashiwagi A, Takehara Y, Kanno T, Yabuki M, Sasaki J, Inoue M, Utsumi K: Do reactive oxygen species underlie the mechanism of apoptosis in the tadpole tail?. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;23(2):294-301.


During the apoptotic changes, the activity of Cu/Zn-type superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the tail markedly increased with a concomitant decrease in its catalase activity.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
9196400 Spector A, Ma W, Wang RR, Yang Y, Ho YS: The contribution of GSH peroxidase-1, catalase and GSH to the degradation of H2O2 by the mouse lens. Exp Eye Res. 1997 Mar;64(3):477-85.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
6437142 Khayat A, Dencker L: Organ and cellular distribution of inhaled metallic mercury in the rat and Marmoset monkey (Callithrix jacchus): influence of ethyl alcohol pretreatment. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1984 Aug;55(2):145-52.


Metallic mercury is oxidized by the catalase-H2O2 complex (Complex I) to the ionic form (Hg2+) and is known to be accumulated and retained in organs such as lungs, liver, myocardium, and brain, apparently after local oxidation in these organs.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
18827562 Kwee JK, Luque DG, Ferreira AC, Vasconcelos FC, Silva KL, Klumb CE, Maia RC: Modulation of reactive oxygen species by antioxidants in chronic myeloid leukemia cells enhances imatinib sensitivity through survivin downregulation. Anticancer Drugs. 2008 Nov;19(10):975-81.


In this study, we demonstrated through fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled annexin V for apoptotic cells detection and western blotting that by inhibiting catalase activity, imatinib apoptosis induction was significantly enhanced (P <0.05) through diminishing survivin expression in K562 cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3811274 Antonenkov VD, Popova SV, Pirozhkov SV, Krasnova SN: [Characteristics of an experimental model of alcoholic cardiomyopathy by diagnostic enzyme tests]. Vopr Med Khim. 1986 Nov-Dec;32(6):115-8.


Activity of catalase was assayed in liver and heart homogenates.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10501032 Wang J, Zhang H, Allen RD: Overexpression of an Arabidopsis peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase gene in tobacco increases protection against oxidative stress. Plant Cell Physiol. 1999 Jul;40(7):725-32.


The expression of APX3 in tobacco could protect leaves from oxidative stress damage caused by aminotriazole which inhibits catalase activity that is found mainly in glyoxysomes and peroxisomes and leads to accumulation of H2O2 in those organelles.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17933967 Chen X, Patel K, Connors SG, Mendonca M, Welch WJ, Wilcox CS: Acute antihypertensive action of Tempol in the spontaneously hypertensive rat. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Dec;293(6):H3246-53. Epub 2007 Oct 12.


The antihypertensive response was unaffected by the infusion of a pegylated catalase or by the inhibition of catalase with 3-aminotriazole, inhibition of glutathione peroxidase with buthionine sulfoximine, inhibition of heme oxygenase with tin mesoporphyrin, or inhibition of large-conductance Ca (2+)-activated potassium channels with iberiotoxin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6372785 Van den Branden C, Kerckaert I, Roels F: Peroxisomal beta-oxidation from endogenous substrates. Biochem J. 1984 Mar 15;218(3):697-702.


A system was developed in which it is possible to detect in vivo changes in hepatic H2O2 production, using a combination of the catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole and methanol.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16002440 Geracitano R, Tozzi A, Berretta N, Florenzano F, Guatteo E, Viscomi MT, Chiolo B, Molinari M, Bernardi G, Mercuri NB: Protective role of hydrogen peroxide in oxygen-deprived dopaminergic neurones of the rat substantia nigra. J Physiol. 2005 Oct 1;568(Pt 1):97-110. Epub 2005 Jul 7.


Taken together, our data suggest that H2O2 prevents the metabolic stress of DA neurones induced by hypoxia by serving as a supplementary source of molecular oxygen, through its degradation by catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3013154 Kerckaert I, Roels F: Myocardial H2O2 production in the unanaesthetized rat. Basic Res Cardiol. 1986 Jan-Feb;81(1):83-91.


Myocardial H2O2 production was studied by means of the in vivo administration of aminotriazole (AT), which inactivates the catalase-H2O2 complex compound I.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
6094369 Muller-Peddinghaus R: In vitro determination of phagocyte activity by luminol- and lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1984;6(5):455-66.


The dependence of luminol-amplified CL upon the generation of the chain reaction intermediate H2O2 and its three main catalysts catalase, myeloperoxidase and glutathione makes this reaction prone to different artifacts if cell activity is to be determined.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2004600 Riley JC, Behrman HR: In vivo generation of hydrogen peroxide in the rat corpus luteum during luteolysis. Endocrinology. 1991 Apr;128(4):1749-53.


The hypothesis that hydrogen peroxide generation occurs in the corpora lutea of superovulated rats during luteolysis was tested using a peroxide-dependent inhibitor of catalase, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT).
6(0,0,0,6) Details
17123644 Citelli M, Lara FA, da Silva Vaz I Jr, Oliveira PL: Oxidative stress impairs heme detoxification in the midgut of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 2007 Jan;151(1):81-8. Epub 2006 Nov 13.


Here, we investigated the role of catalase, an enzyme responsible for H (2) O (2) detoxification.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
11139414 Ward RJ, Kest W, Bruyeer P, Lallemand F, De Witte P: Taurine modulates catalase, aldehyde dehydrogenase, and ethanol elimination rates in rat brain. Alcohol Alcohol. 2001 Jan-Feb;36(1):39-43.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
19302986 Gaspar T, Domoki F, Lenti L, Institoris A, Snipes JA, Bari F, Busija DW: Neuroprotective effect of adenoviral catalase gene transfer in cortical neuronal cultures. Brain Res. 2009 May 13;1270:1-9. Epub 2009 Mar 17.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
500584 Ishii H, Suga T, Hayashi H, Niinobe S: Effect of Triton WR-1339 on the rates of synthesis and degradation of hepatic catalase of rat. J Biochem. 1979 Oct;86(4):1163-6.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
10762670 Karasu C: Time course of changes in endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of chronically diabetic aorta: role of reactive oxygen species. Eur J Pharmacol. 2000 Mar 31;392(3):163-73.


Catalase, 160 U/ml, decreased the peak relaxant response to acetylcholine and accelerated fading of the relaxation in diabetic aorta.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
2648406 Brown JM, Grosso MA, Terada LS, Whitman GJ, Banerjee A, White CW, Harken AH, Repine JE: Endotoxin pretreatment increases endogenous myocardial catalase activity and decreases ischemia-reperfusion injury of isolated rat hearts. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(7):2516-20.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
7121327 Eremina SS: [Effect of 1,2,4-triaminotriazole on Candida mycoderma catalase in substrate oxidation]. Mikrobiologiia. 1982 May-Jun;51(3):416-9.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2386221 Karmazyn M, Mailer K, Currie RW: Acquisition and decay of heat-shock-enhanced postischemic ventricular recovery. Am J Physiol. 1990 Aug;259(2 Pt 2):H424-31.


The antioxidative enzyme catalase was increased 24, 48, and 96 h posthyperthermia.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
12123625 Srivastava P, Rajanikanth M, Raghavan SA, Dikshit M: Role of endogenous reactive oxygen derived species and cyclooxygenase mediators in 5-hydroxytryptamine-induced contractions in rat aorta: relationship to nitric oxide. Pharmacol Res. 2002 May;45(5):375-82.


Pretreatment of the rings with superoxide dismutase (superoxide radical scavenger), catalase (H (2) O (2) inactivator), mannitol (extracellular OH. scavenger), or thiourea (intracellular OH. radical scavenger) significantly depressed the 5-HT-induced contractions in the aortic rings.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
3555347 Kato S, Alderman J, Lieber CS: Respective roles of the microsomal ethanol oxidizing system and catalase in ethanol metabolism by deermice lacking alcohol dehydrogenase. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1987 May 1;254(2):586-91.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
1733283 Kinnula VL, Chang L, Everitt JI, Crapo JD: Oxidants and antioxidants in alveolar epithelial type II cells: in situ, freshly isolated, and cultured cells. Am J Physiol. 1992 Jan;262(1 Pt 1):L69-77.


Biochemical studies showed that cell culture resulted in a significant decrease in activities of catalase (49%), glutathione reductase (50%), glutathione peroxidase (74%), and in the capacity of the cells to scavenge extracellular H2O2.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3996592 Del Principe D, Menichelli A, De Matteis W, Di Corpo ML, Di Giulio S, Finazzi-Agro A: Hydrogen peroxide has a role in the aggregation of human platelets. . FEBS Lett. 1985 Jun 3;185(1):142-6.


Externally added catalase strongly inhibits the aggregation induced by particulate stimuli and by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA).
2(0,0,0,2) Details
3427990 Birnbaum D, Csukas S, Costarides A, Forbes E, Green K: 3-amino-triazole effects on the eye of young and adult rabbits in the presence and absence of hydrogen peroxide. Curr Eye Res. 1987 Dec;6(12):1403-14.


3-aminotriazole (3AT) is known to reduce catalase levels in ocular tissues when given intravenously or orally.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16036580 Gechev TS, Minkov IN, Hille J: Hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in Arabidopsis: transcriptional and mutant analysis reveals a role of an oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase gene in the cell death process. IUBMB Life. 2005 Mar;57(3):181-8.


The catalase inhibitor aminotriazole (AT) reduced the catalase activity and caused endogenous accumulation of hydrogen peroxide that eventually triggered cell death.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17206381 Yang ES, Park JW: Antioxidant enzyme inhibitors enhance peroxynitrite-induced cell death in U937 cells. Mol Cell Biochem. 2007 Jul;301(1-2):61-8. Epub 2007 Jan 6.


The protective role of antioxidant enzymes against peroxynitrite-induced oxidative damage in U937 cells was investigated in control and cells pre-treated with diethyldithiocarbamic acid, aminotriazole, and oxlalomalate, specific inhibitors of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and NADP (+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, respectively.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
9458725 Kroll SL, Czyzyk-Krzeska MF: Role of H2O2 and heme-containing O2 sensors in hypoxic regulation of tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression. Am J Physiol. 1998 Jan;274(1 Pt 1):C167-74.


Treatment with catalase or N-(2-mercaptopropionyl)-glycine, a reducing antioxidant agent that decreases H2O2 concentration, also induced TH mRNA.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8641435 Banhegyi G, Csala M, Braun L, Garzo T, Mandl J: Ascorbate synthesis-dependent glutathione consumption in mouse liver. . FEBS Lett. 1996 Feb 26;381(1-2):39-41.


This effect could be counteracted by the addition of catalase or mercaptosuccinate, indicating the role of hydrogen peroxide formed during ascorbate synthesis in the depletion of GSH.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3415651 Simmons TW, Jamall IS: Significance of alterations in hepatic antioxidant enzymes. Biochem J. 1988 May 1;251(3):913-7.


The relative contributions of catalase and the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were elucidated in the rat liver by selectively modulating the activities of these enzymes using dietary selenium (Se) and the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2160967 Heinecke JW, Shapiro BM: Superoxide peroxidase activity of ovoperoxidase, the cross-linking enzyme of fertilization. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jun 5;265(16):9241-6.


Ovoperoxidase catalyzed the breakdown of O2- in a reaction that was sensitive to inhibition by catalase, indicating a requirement for H2O2.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19933270 Banerjee S, Zmijewski JW, Lorne E, Liu G, Sha Y, Abraham E: Modulation of SCF beta-TrCP-dependent I kappaB alpha ubiquitination by hydrogen peroxide. J Biol Chem. 2010 Jan 22;285(4):2665-75. Epub 2009 Nov 20.


Lipopolysaccharide-induced SCF (beta-TrCP) ubiquitin ligase activity as well as binding of beta-TrCP to phosphorylated I kappaB alpha was decreased in the lungs of acatalasemic mice and mice treated with the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole, situations in which intracellular concentrations of H (2) O (2) are increased.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3624137 Yusa T, Beckman JS, Crapo JD, Freeman BA: Hyperoxia increases H2O2 production by brain in vivo. J Appl Physiol. 1987 Jul;63(1):353-8.


Hyperoxia and hyperbaric hyperoxia increased the rate of cerebral hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in unanesthetized rats in vivo, as measured by the H2O2-mediated inactivation of endogenous catalase activity following injection of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
16545695 Scott MD: H2O2 injury in beta thalassemic erythrocytes: protective role of catalase and the prooxidant effects of GSH. Free Radic Biol Med. 2006 Apr 1;40(7):1264-72. Epub 2005 Dec 19.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
14681974 Lushchak OV, Bahniukova TV, Lushchak VI: [Effect of aminotriazole on the activity of catalase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in tissues of two frog species--Rana ridibunda and Rana esculenta]. Ukr Biokhim Zh. 2003 Jul-Aug;75(4):45-50.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
4040375 DeMaster EG, Shirota FN, Nagasawa HT: Catalase mediated conversion of cyanamide to an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase. Alcohol. 1985 Jan-Feb;2(1):117-21.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
8264727 Atamna H, Ginsburg H: Origin of reactive oxygen species in erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1993 Oct;61(2):231-41.


The rate of conversion is further increased in the presence of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (3-AT) and the extent of inhibition of the lysate catalase increases upon acidification, implying that H2O2 is thus produced by the spontaneous dismutation of superoxide radicals generated during methemoglobin formation.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
2272969 Piantadosi CA, Tatro LG: Regional H2O2 concentration in rat brain after hyperoxic convulsions. . J Appl Physiol. 1990 Nov;69(5):1761-6.


H2O2 concentration was determined ex vivo using a method based on the H2O2-dependent decline in catalase activity in the presence of the irreversible inhibitor of compound I, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
17597213 Jamal M, Ameno K, Uekita I, Kumihashi M, Wang W, Ijiri I: Catalase mediates acetaldehyde formation in the striatum of free-moving rats. Neurotoxicology. 2007 Nov;28(6):1245-8. Epub 2007 May 13.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
19659920 Price M, Terlecky SR, Kessel D: A role for hydrogen peroxide in the pro-apoptotic effects of photodynamic therapy. Photochem Photobiol. 2009 Nov-Dec;85(6):1491-6.


A primary route for detoxification of cellular H2O2 involves the peroxisomal enzyme catalase.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
9525474 Hsieh HJ, Cheng CC, Wu ST, Chiu JJ, Wung BS, Wang DL: Increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in endothelial cells by shear flow and involvement of ROS in shear-induced c-fos expression. J Cell Physiol. 1998 May;175(2):156-62.


The shear-induced elevation of ROS was blocked by either antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) or catalase.
3(0,0,0,3) Details
11110034 Matutte B, Awe SO, Ameh FA, Leday AM, Rice JC, Opere CA, Ohia SE: Role of catalase in pre- and postjunctional responses of mammalian irides to hydrogen peroxide. J Ocul Pharmacol Ther. 2000 Oct;16(5):429-38.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
10812070 Kowaltowski AJ, Vercesi AE, Rhee SG, Netto LE: Catalases and thioredoxin peroxidase protect Saccharomyces cerevisiae against Ca (2+)-induced mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and cell death. FEBS Lett. 2000 May 12;473(2):177-82.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
2922765 Boutin JA, Kass GE, Moldeus P: Drug-induced hydrogen peroxide production in isolated rat hepatocytes. . Toxicology. 1989 Feb;54(2):129-37.


A method for measuring drug-induced hydrogen peroxide production in freshly isolated rat hepatocytes is described. 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole, an irreversible inhibitor of the enzyme catalase markedly reduces the capacity of isolated hepatocytes to metabolize hydrogen peroxide, with maximum inhibition (80%) being observed after 40 min of co-incubation.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2624761 Simon RH, DeHart PD, Nadeau DM: Resistance of rat pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells to neutrophil- and oxidant-induced injury. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1989 Sep;1(3):221-9.


In the present study, we investigated the roles of intracellular catalase and glutathione-dependent reactions in providing protection against cytotoxic concentrations of H2O2 and stimulated neutrophils.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
1394830 Inoue S, Ito K, Yamamoto K, Kawanishi S: Caffeic acid causes metal-dependent damage to cellular and isolated DNA through H2O2 formation. Carcinogenesis. 1992 Sep;13(9):1497-502.


The strand breakage was increased by the treatment of buthionine sulphoximine (a GSH synthesis inhibitor) and 3-aminotriazol (a catalase inhibitor) and decreased by catalase, indicating the involvement of H2O2.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
7925949 Willekens H, Villarroel R, Van Montagu M, Inze D, Van Camp W: Molecular identification of catalases from Nicotiana plumbaginifolia (L.). FEBS Lett. 1994 Sep 19;352(1):79-83.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
3022971 Dallegri F, Ballestrero A, Frumento G, Patrone F: Interference of target cell catalase with an early step of the neutrophil cytolytic pathway. Clin Exp Immunol. 1986 Sep;65(3):664-70.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
3426683 Shirota FN, DeMaster EG, Kwon CH, Nagasawa HT: Metabolism of cyanamide to cyanide and an inhibitor of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) by rat liver microsomes. Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:219-23.


Rat liver microsomes, as well as purified catalase, convert the alcohol deterrent agent, cyanamide, to an active inhibitor of AlDH.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
6404112 Bond AN, Wickramasinghe SN: Investigations into the production of acetate from ethanol by human blood and bone marrow cells in vitro. Acta Haematol. 1983;69(5):303-13.


The metabolism of ethanol by nucleated marrow cells was only slightly inhibited by pyrazole and 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole indicating that it was largely independent of pyrazole-sensitive alcohol dehydrogenase and catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1877684 Banerjee A, Grosso MA, Brown JM, Rogers KB, Whitman GJ: Oxygen metabolite effects on creatine kinase and cardiac energetics after reperfusion. Am J Physiol. 1991 Aug;261(2 Pt 2):H590-7.


There is also a burst of H2O2 during the first 10 min of reperfusion, as indicated by the in vivo inactivation of catalase that occurs only when H2O2, and the inactivator 3-aminotriazole (AMT), are simultaneously present.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11812238 Bakeeva LE, Skulachev VP, Sudarikova YV, Tsyplenkova VG: Mitochondria enter the nucleus (one further problem in chronic alcoholism). Biochemistry. 2001 Dec;66(12):1335-41.


The entrance of mitochondria into the nucleus was modeled in rats that were given ethanol and the catalase inhibitor aminotriazole for 12 weeks.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19515983 Cardoso LM, Colombari DS, Menani JV, Toney GM, Chianca DA Jr, Colombari E: Cardiovascular responses to hydrogen peroxide into the nucleus tractus solitarius. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2009 Aug;297(2):R462-9. Epub 2009 Jun 10.


Injection of the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (100 nmol/40 nl) into the NTS also produced hypotension and bradycardia.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10712539 Martinez C, Baccou JC, Bresson E, Baissac Y, Daniel JF, Jalloul A, Montillet JL, Geiger JP, Assigbetse K, Nicole M: Salicylic acid mediated by the oxidative burst is a key molecule in local and systemic responses of cotton challenged by an avirulent race of Xanthomonas campestris pv malvacearum. Plant Physiol. 2000 Mar;122(3):757-66.


The first peak of SA occurred 3 h after generation of superoxide (O (2)(.-)), and was inhibited by infiltration of catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
3148110 Brown JM, Terada LS, Grosso MA, Whitman GJ, Velasco SE, Patt A, Harken AH, Repine JE: Hydrogen peroxide mediates reperfusion injury in the isolated rat heart. . Mol Cell Biochem. 1988 Dec;84(2):173-5.


H2O2 was assessed using H2O2 dependent aminotriazole inactivation of myocardial catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16054588 Wagner BA, Evig CB, Reszka KJ, Buettner GR, Burns CP: Doxorubicin increases intracellular hydrogen peroxide in PC3 prostate cancer cells. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2005 Aug 15;440(2):181-90.


We studied the effect of doxorubicin on the production of hydrogen peroxide by PC3 human prostate cancer cells, using a sensitive assay based on aminotriazole-mediated inhibition of catalase.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
10190554 Ziemann C, Burkle A, Kahl GF, Hirsch-Ernst KI: Reactive oxygen species participate in mdr1b mRNA and P-glycoprotein overexpression in primary rat hepatocyte cultures. Carcinogenesis. 1999 Mar;20(3):407-14.


Treatment of rat hepatocytes with the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (2-4 mM for 72 h or 10 mM for 1 h following the hepatocyte attachment period) also led to an up-regulation of mdrlb mRNA and P-glycoprotein expression.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19341793 Onumah OE, Jules GE, Zhao Y, Zhou L, Yang H, Guo Z: Overexpression of catalase delays G0/G1- to S-phase transition during cell cycle progression in mouse aortic endothelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 2009 Jun 15;46(12):1658-67. Epub 2009 Mar 31.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
18781324 Shao N, Beck CF, Lemaire SD, Krieger-Liszkay A: Photosynthetic electron flow affects H2O2 signaling by inactivation of catalase in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Planta. 2008 Nov;228(6):1055-66. Epub 2008 Sep 10.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
3965466 Starke PE, Farber JL: Endogenous defenses against the cytotoxicity of hydrogen peroxide in cultured rat hepatocytes. J Biol Chem. 1985 Jan 10;260(1):86-92.


The catalase activity of cultured rat hepatocytes was inhibited by 90% pretreatment with 20 mM aminotriazole without effect on the activities of glutathione peroxidase or glutathione reductase, or on the viability of the cells over the subsequent 24 h.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
11829410 Milton NG: Inhibition of catalase activity with 3-amino-triazole enhances the cytotoxicity of the Alzheimer's amyloid-beta peptide. Neurotoxicology. 2001 Dec;22(6):767-74.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
6846030 Eide I, Syversen TL: Relationship between catalase activity and uptake of elemental mercury by rat brain. Acta Pharmacol Toxicol. 1983 Mar;52(3):217-23.

6(0,0,0,6) Details
8719811 Mian KB, Martin W: The inhibitory effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on relaxation induced by hydroxylamine and sodium azide but not hydrogen peroxide or glyceryl trinitrate in rat aorta. Br J Pharmacol. 1995 Dec;116(8):3302-8.


In this study we investigated the role of catalase in relaxation induced by hydroxylamine, sodium azide, glyceryl trinitrate and hydrogen peroxide in isolated rings of rat aorta. 2.
4(0,0,0,4) Details
1784460 Costarides AP, Riley MV, Green K: Roles of catalase and the glutathione redox cycle in the regulation of anterior-chamber hydrogen peroxide. Ophthalmic Res. 1991;23(5):284-94.

4(0,0,0,4) Details
1175685 Vargaftig BB, Tranier Y, Chignard M: Blockade by metal complexing agents and by catalase of the effects of arachidonic acid on platelets: relevance to the study of anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol. 1975 Aug;33(1):19-29.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
642030 Feinstein RN, Fry RJ, Staffeldt EF: Carcinogenic and antitumor effects of aminotriazole on acatalasemic and normal catalase mice. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1978 May;60(5):1113-6.

3(0,0,0,3) Details
7980465 Ou P, Wolff SP: Erythrocyte catalase inactivation (H2O2 production) by ascorbic acid and glucose in the presence of aminotriazole: role of transition metals and relevance to diabetes. Biochem J. 1994 Nov 1;303 ( Pt 3):935-9.

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6703689 Crane D, Masters C: On the role of catalase in the oxidation of tissue fatty acids. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1984 Feb 15;229(1):104-11.

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12943922 Sen P, Mukherjee S, Bhaumik G, Das P, Ganguly S, Choudhury N, Raha S: Enhancement of catalase activity by repetitive low-grade H2O2 exposures protects fibroblasts from subsequent stress-induced apoptosis. Mutat Res. 2003 Aug 28;529(1-2):87-94.

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3828063 Soffia F, Penna M: Ethanol metabolism by rat heart homogenates. Alcohol. 1987 Jan-Feb;4(1):45-8.


On the opposite, the presence of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (10 to 40 mM), a known catalase inhibitor, induced a concentration dependent reduction of the amount of AcH recovered during incubation even in presence of glucose oxidase.
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8417001 Simonson SG, Zhang J, Canada AT Jr, Su YF, Benveniste H, Piantadosi CA: Hydrogen peroxide production by monoamine oxidase during ischemia-reperfusion in the rat brain. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 1993 Jan;13(1):125-34.


Metabolism of H2O2 by catalase during ischemia and reperfusion was measured in forebrain homogenates using aminotriazole (ATZ), an irreversible H2O2-dependent inhibitor of catalase.
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11216869 Pedraza-Chaverri J, Granados-Silvestre MD, Medina-Campos ON, Maldonado PD, Olivares-Corichi IM, Ibarra-Rubio ME: Post-transcriptional control of catalase expression in garlic-treated rats. Mol Cell Biochem. 2001 Jan;216(1-2):9-19.

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2249888 Berger EM, Beehler CJ, Harada RN, Repine JE: Human phagocytic cells as oxygen metabolite scavengers. Inflammation. 1990 Oct;14(5):613-9.


Treatment with aminotriazole or azide decreased both phagocyte and erythrocyte catalase activity and the ability of each cell to decrease H2O2 concentrations in vitro.
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3355670 Tampier L, Quintanilla ME, Letelier C, Mardones J: Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on narcosis time and lethality of ethanol in UChA rats. Alcohol. 1988 Jan-Feb;5(1):5-8.


The capacity of rat brain homogenates to oxidize ethanol by catalase peroxidative system, previously reported, was reevaluated in experiments using lower ethanol concentration, showing that the effect of this system can be observed even with a concentration of 50 mM, equivalent to non lethal blood level.
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8399363 Gulati S, Ainol L, Orak J, Singh AK, Singh I: Alterations of peroxisomal function in ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat kidney. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 20;1182(3):291-8.


We have previously demonstrated that ischemic injury results in the loss of peroxisomal functions (e.g., inhibition of catalase activity and fatty-acid beta-oxidation activity).
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1417978 Marcocci L, Pietrangeli P, Mavelli I, Rotilio G: Plasma membrane as a site of redox activation of daunomycin in intact human erythrocytes. Biochem Pharmacol. 1992 Oct 20;44(8):1535-42.


The method of H2O2-dependent irreversible inhibition of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) activity by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole was applied to intact erythrocytes, as well as to isolated membranes with added purified catalase.
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4690233 Nakamura A, Hara T, Minakami S: Intracellular distribution of hepatic catalase activity in rats treated with aminotriazole and allylisopropylacetamide. J Biochem. 1973 Jan;73(1):47-53.

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2308904 Lopez-Torres M, Perez-Campo R, Barja de Quiroga G: Aminotriazole effects on lung and heart H2O2 detoxifying enzymes and TBA-RS at two pO2. Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990 Jan;66(1):27-31.


In order to clarify the physiological role in vivo of H2O2-detoxifying enzymes at low and high levels of O2 tension we studied catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidases (GP), and in vivo peroxidation (TBA-RS) in the lung and heart of Rana perezi frogs chronically treated with hyperoxia, aminotriazole (AT) -a CAT inhibitor-, or both.
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7143231 Khayat AI, Shaikh ZA: Dose-effect relationship between ethyl alcohol pretreatment and retention and tissue distribution of mercury vapor in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1982 Dec;223(3):649-53.


Studies in rats treated with 3-aminotriazole indicated that alcohol probably also acted by inhibition of catalase-mediated oxidation of mercury vapor.
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8250959 Aniya Y, Shimoji M, Naito A: Increase in liver microsomal glutathione S-transferase activity by phenobarbital treatment of rats. Biochem Pharmacol. 1993 Nov 17;46(10):1741-7.


When rats were given phenobarbital (PB) intraperitoneally for 3 days, liver microsomal GSH S-transferase activity was stimulated 1.3-1.4-fold and the effect of PB on the transferase was potentiated by combination with a catalase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
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1023562 Lassman H: [Effect of 6-hydroxydopamine on mouse adrenal modulla with simultaneous inhibition of catalase with aminotriazole] Verh Anat Ges. 1976;(70 Pt 1):127-32.

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215336 Miura T, Ogiso T: Effect of 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole on catalase and formation of methemoglobin from oxyhemoglobin in erythrocyte by superoxide radicals. Chem Pharm Bull. 1978 Nov;26(11):3540-5.

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431040 Davies P, Drath DB, Engel EE, Huber GL: The localization of catalase in the pulmonary alveolar macrophage. . Lab Invest. 1979 Feb;40(2):221-6.

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12474118 Pastor R, Sanchis-Segura C, Aragon CM: Ethanol-stimulated behaviour in mice is modulated by brain catalase activity and H2O2 rate of production. Psychopharmacology. 2002 Dec;165(1):51-9. Epub 2002 Oct 25.

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8489262 Bradford BU, Seed CB, Handler JA, Forman DT, Thurman RG: Evidence that catalase is a major pathway of ethanol oxidation in vivo: dose-response studies in deer mice using methanol as a selective substrate. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 May 15;303(1):172-6.

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16023088 Bagnyukova TV, Vasylkiv OY, Storey KB, Lushchak VI: Catalase inhibition by amino triazole induces oxidative stress in goldfish brain. Brain Res. 2005 Aug 9;1052(2):180-6.

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1540380 Kinnula VL, Whorton AR, Chang LY, Crapo JD: Regulation of hydrogen peroxide generation in cultured endothelial cells. . Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 1992 Feb;6(2):175-82.


Extracellular H2O2 generation was determined spectrofluorometrically using 3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylacetic acid, and intracellular H2O2 production (in or near peroxisomes) was measured indirectly using aminotriazole, which inactivates catalase in the presence of H2O2.
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1755337 Ohmori T, Takamoto K, Ogata M: The role of catalase in protecting erythrocytes against methemoglobin formation. Acta Med Okayama. 1991 Oct;45(5):321-4.

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9203303 Moreno-Sepulveda M, Vargas-Zapata R, Ballesteros-Elizondo R, Pineyro-Lopez A, Sepulveda-Saavedra J: Studies on the effect of peroxisomicine on catalase activity in albino mice. Toxicon. 1997 May;35(5):777-83.

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9207193 Obinger C, Regelsberger G, Strasser G, Burner U, Peschek GA: Purification and characterization of a homodimeric catalase-peroxidase from the cyanobacterium Anacystis nidulans. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1997 Jun 27;235(3):545-52.

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9032791 Ohta Y, Yamasaki T, Niwa T, Niimi K, Majima Y, Ishiguro I: Role of catalase in retinal antioxidant defence system: its comparative study among rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats. Ophthalmic Res. 1996;28(6):336-42.

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6630509 Balsam A, Sexton F, Borges M, Ingbar SH: Formation of diiodotyrosine from thyroxine. J Clin Invest. 1983 Oct;72(4):1234-45.


Studies were performed to elucidate the nature of the pathway of hepatic thyroxine (T4) metabolism that is activated by inhibitors of liver catalase.
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15577745 Piotrowski WJ, Marczak J, Kurmanowska Z, Gorski P: Concentration of TBA-reactive substances in type II pneumocytes exposed to oxidative stress. Arch Immunol Ther Exp. 2004 Nov-Dec;52(6):435-40.


Aminotriazol (ATZ), an inhibitor of intracellular catalase, was used to estimate the protective role of catalase.
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19607981 Amantea D, Marrone MC, Nistico R, Federici M, Bagetta G, Bernardi G, Mercuri NB: Oxidative stress in stroke pathophysiology validation of hydrogen peroxide metabolism as a pharmacological target to afford neuroprotection. Int Rev Neurobiol. 2009;85:363-74.


Superoxide anion is converted by superoxide dismutase into hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the latter is then transformed into the toxic hydroxyl radical, through the Haber-Weiss reaction, converted to water by glutathione peroxidase (GPx) or dismuted to water and oxygen through catalase.
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3777154 Suttorp N, Toepfer W, Roka L: Antioxidant defense mechanisms of endothelial cells: glutathione redox cycle versus catalase. Am J Physiol. 1986 Nov;251(5 Pt 1):C671-80.

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8433009 Karg E, Odh G, Wittbjer A, Rosengren E, Rorsman H: Hydrogen peroxide as an inducer of elevated tyrosinase level in melanoma cells. J Invest Dermatol. 1993 Feb;100(2 Suppl):209S-213S.


Inhibition of intracellular catalase by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole caused an increase in the tyrosinase level.
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1911044 Shau HY: Red cell regulation of tumor necrosis factor-induced human neutrophil cytostatic activity. Cancer Commun. 1991 Sep;3(9):283-6.


RBC have two major pathways to detoxify H2O2, one by catalase and the other by the glutathione redox cycle.
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2129307 Karinje KU, Ogata M: Methanol metabolism in acatalasemic mice. Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR. 1990;22(4):193-8.


Methanol metabolism was also studied in acatalasemic and normal mice treated with 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), which is known to be an inhibitor of catalase (EC 1.11.1.6).
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7980410 Fandrey J, Frede S, Jelkmann W: Role of hydrogen peroxide in hypoxia-induced erythropoietin production. . Biochem J. 1994 Oct 15;303 ( Pt 2):507-10.


Likewise, elevation of endogenous H2O2 levels by the addition of menadione or the catalase inhibitor, aminotriazole, dose-dependently lowered Epo production.
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9054188 Cejkova J, Lojda Z: Histochemical study on xanthine oxidase activity in the normal rabbit cornea and lens and after repeated irradiation of the eye with UVB rays. Acta Histochem. 1996 Jan;98(1):47-52.


Application of catalase, a scavenger of hydrogen peroxide, to the eye surface during the irradiation diminished the increase of xanthine oxidase activity.
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10086993 Hiraishi H, Shimada T, Ivey KJ, Terano A: Role of antioxidant defenses against ethanol-induced damage in cultured rat gastric epithelial cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1999 Apr;289(1):103-9.


The effects of impairment of the glutathione redox cycle and of inhibition of cellular catalase were examined.
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1479014 Nasr-Esfahani MH, Johnson MH: Quantitative analysis of cellular glutathione in early preimplantation mouse embryos developing in vivo and in vitro. Hum Reprod. 1992 Oct;7(9):1281-90.


It is concluded that early embryos lack a mercaptosuccinate sensitive peroxidase activity for removing H2O2, which may be removed by catalase or the glutathione-S-transferase system.
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1794560 Unger WG, Boulton ME, Petal S, Goldsmith JP: Catalase activity in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Biochem Soc Trans. 1991 Nov;19(4):443S.

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4763658 Nakamura A, Minakami S: Turnover of hepatic catalase modified by aminotriazole. J Biochem. 1973 Oct;74(4):683-9.

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4696515 Nicolosi RJ, Baird MB, Massie HR, Samis HV: Senescence in Drosophila. Exp Gerontol. 1973 Apr;8(2):101-8.


Renewal of catalase activity in flies of different ages.
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9620307 Peus D, Vasa RA, Meves A, Pott M, Beyerle A, Squillace K, Pittelkow MR: H2O2 is an important mediator of UVB-induced EGF-receptor phosphorylation in cultured keratinocytes. J Invest Dermatol. 1998 Jun;110(6):966-71.


Phosphorylation of EGFR was inhibited by the structurally unrelated antioxidants butylated hydroxyanisole, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, or by the H2O2-degrading enzyme catalase.
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9385142 De Lucas JR, Valenciano S, Dominguez AI, Turner G, Laborda F: Characterization of oleate-nonutilizing mutants of Aspergillus nidulans isolated by the 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole positive selection method. Arch Microbiol. 1997 Dec;168(6):504-12.


Conidia of Aspergillus nidulans were mutagenized with ultraviolet light and were incubated on a special selective medium containing the catalase inhibitor 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole.
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19543301 Guo HC, Zhang Z, Zhang LN, Xiong C, Feng C, Liu Q, Liu X, Shi XL, Wang YL: Chronic intermittent hypobaric hypoxia protects the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury through upregulation of antioxidant enzymes in adult guinea pigs. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2009 Jul;30(7):947-55. Epub 2009 Jun 22.


The activity and protein expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly increased in the myocardium of CIHH guinea pigs.
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6282638 Geerts A, Roels F: In vivo cooperation between hepatic catalase and superoxide dismutase demonstrated by diethyldithiocarbamate. FEBS Lett. 1982 Apr 19;140(2):245-7.

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