| Name | glutathione S transferase |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GST class alpha 2; Gst2; GST class alpha; GST class alpha member 2; GST gamma; GSTA 2; GSTA2; GSTA2 2… |
| Name | cypermethrin |
|---|---|
| CAS | cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 3-(2,2-dichloroethenyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropanecarboxylate |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15499499 | Greulich K, Pflugmacher S: Uptake and effects on detoxication enzymes of cypermethrin in embryos and tadpoles of amphibians. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004 Nov;47(4):489-95. In tadpoles of B. variegata and R. arvalis, the activity of microsomal and cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (mGST and sGST, respectively) were measured after treatment with cypermethrin. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 17385498 | Rattanapan A, Visetson S, Ngernsiri L, Milne J: Efficiency of Thai derris extract and cypermethrin: toxicity and detoxification enzyme mechanism in the tropical armyworm, Spodoptera litura F. Commun Agric Appl Biol Sci. 2006;71(2 Pt B):329-37. While the crude extract tendency induced the glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activities more than cypermethrin ca. 0.04 fold. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 12206409 | Gowlan BT, Moffat CF, Stagg RM, Houlihan DF, Davies IM: Cypermethrin induces glutathione S-transferase activity in the shore crab, Carcinus maenas. Mar Environ Res. 2002 Aug;54(2):169-77. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 12716053 | el-Demerdash FM, Yousef MI, Al-Salhen KS: Protective effects of isoflavone on some biochemical parameters affected by cypermethrin in male rabbits. J Environ Sci Health B. 2003 May;38(3):365-78. The activities of glutathione S-transferase (GST) (liver, brain and testes), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (liver and testes), and alkaline phosphatase (AlP) (liver) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased due to cypermethrin administration. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 19140127 | Wu S, Dou W, Wu JJ, Wang JJ: Purification and partial characterization of glutathione S-transferase from insecticide-resistant field populations of Liposcelis paeta Pearman (Psocoptera: Liposcelididae). Arch Insect Biochem Physiol. 2009 Feb;70(2):136-50. The in vitro inhibition studies of GSTs indicated that three kinds of insecticides (chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan, and cypermethrin) and five metallic ions (Zn (2+), Ba (2+), Ca (2+), Hg (2+), Mn (2+), and Mg (2+)) all possessed inhibitory effects on purified GST, and ethacrynic acid (EA, a specific inhibitor of GST) expressed inhibitory effects. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 14746982 | da Silva Vaz I Jr, Torino Lermen T, Michelon A, Sanchez Ferreira CA, Joaquim de Freitas DR, Termignoni C, Masuda A: Effect of acaricides on the activity of a Boophilus microplus glutathione S-transferase. Vet Parasitol. 2004 Jan 30;119(2-3):237-45. Some acaricides (ethion, amitraz, chlorpyrifos, DDT, cypermethrin, diazinon, ivermectin, deltamethrin and flumethrin) inhibited rGST. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 1363965 | Hakoi K, Cabral R, Hoshiya T, Hasegawa R, Shirai T, Ito N: Analysis of carcinogenic activity of some pesticides in a medium-term liver bioassay in the rat. Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1992;12(6):269-76. Hepatocarcinogenic potential was assessed by comparing the number and area of glutathione S-transferase placental form positive foci in the liver with those of controls given diethylnitrosamine (DEN) alone. Permethrin (25/75), Deltamethrin, Cypermethrin (52/48), while Trimorphamide and Propineb gave negative results. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15262281 | Yang Y, Wu Y, Chen S, Devine GJ, Denholm I, Jewess P, Moores GD: The involvement of microsomal oxidases in pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera from Asia. Insect Biochem Mol Biol. 2004 Aug;34(8):763-73. In the resistant strains, minor increases in glutathione S-transferase activity (to the substrates CDNB and DCNB), and esterase activity (to the substrate alpha-naphthyl further suggested that, of the putative metabolic mechanisms, oxidases are the most important. The strain 'YG' exhibited 7-, 14- and 21-fold resistance to fenvalerate, cypermethrin and deltamethrin, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18392087 | Enayati AA, Motevalli Haghi F: Biochemistry of pyrethroid resistance in German cockroach (Dictyoptera, Blatellidae) from hospitals of Sari, Iran. Iran Biomed J. 2007 Oct;11(4):251-8. Biochemical assays of esterases, monooxigenases and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels were undertaken on German cockroaches from Imam and Bouali Cina Hospitals and the results were compared to a susceptible laboratory strain. RESULTS: The LT50 values of the three strains were 20.24+/-2.2, 19.87+/-2.3 and 8.89+/-0.26 for permethrin; 19.3+/-3.05, 17.6+/-0.68 and 8.8+/-0.99 for deltamethrin; 19.64+/-2.9, 18.66+/-3.45 and 8.64+/-0.62 min for cypermethrin, respectively. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14630057 | Grajeda-Cota P, Ramirez-Mares MV, Gonzalez de Mejia E: protects against in vitro cytotoxicity of cypermethrin in rat hepatocytes. Toxicol In Vitro. 2004 Feb;18(1):13-9. and the activities of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT) were also measured. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15154513 | Ahmad M, Hollingworth RM: Synergism of insecticides provides evidence of metabolic mechanisms of resistance in the obliquebanded leafroller Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Pest Manag Sci. 2004 May;60(5):465-73. These studies indicate that enhanced detoxification, often mediated by cytochrome P-450 monooxygenases, but with probable esterase and glutathione S-transferase contributions in some cases, is the major mechanism imparting resistance to different insecticides in C. rosaceana. The interactions between six insecticides (indoxacarb, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos, azinphosmethyl, tebufenozide and chlorfenapyr) and three potential synergists, (piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF) and diethyl (DEM)) were studied by dietary exposure in a multi-resistant and a susceptible strain of the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 20147568 | Sushma N, Devasena T: Aqueous extract of Trigonella foenum graecum (fenugreek) prevents cypermethrin-induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2010 Apr;29(4):311-9. Epub 2010 Feb 10. CM treatment caused increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), depletion in (GSH) and reduction in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in liver and kidneys. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16506569 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, De Armas Y, Ramos F: Pyrethroid insecticide-resistant strain of Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by deltamethrin selection. J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 2005 Dec;21(4):437-45. After selection for 12 generations with deltamethrin, the Santiago de Cuba colony (SAN-F12) showed little or no cross-resistance to the organophosphates evaluated, but high cross-resistance was observed for all the pyrethroids in larvae from this strain: lambdacyhalothrin (197.5 x), cypermethrin (45 x), and cyfluthrin (41.2 x). Synergism tests implicated detoxifying esterase or glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase in pyrethroid resistance. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18755020 | Perera MD, Hemingway J, Karunaratne SP: Multiple insecticide resistance mechanisms involving metabolic changes and insensitive target sites selected in anopheline vectors of malaria in Sri Lanka. Malar J. 2008 Aug 28;7:168. METHODS: Adult females were exposed to the WHO discriminating dosages of DDT, malathion, fenitrothion, propoxur, lambda-cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, permethrin and etofenprox. The presence of metabolic resistance by esterase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and monooxygenase-based mechanisms, and the sensitivity of the acetylcholinesterase target site were assessed using synergists, and biochemical, and metabolic techniques. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 8294621 | Hemingway J, Dunbar SJ, Monro AG, Small GJ: Pyrethroid resistance in German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattelidae): resistance levels and underlying mechanisms. J Econ Entomol. 1993 Dec;86(6):1631-8. Greater than 2-fold resistance to the pyrethroids cyfluthrin, fenvalerate, cypermethrin, and lambda cyhalothrin appeared in 15 of these strains. Possible resistance mechanisms detected in these populations included elevated levels of cytochrome P450, general esterase and glutathione S-transferase, and nerve insensitivity (kdr-type resistance). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19687627 | Raina R, Verma PK, Pankaj NK, Prawez S: Induction of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation in rats chronically exposed to cypermethrin through dermal application. J Vet Sci. 2009 Sep;10(3):257-9. However, the activity of glutathione S-transferase increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all groups after 60 days of dermal exposure. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15991261 | Khan SM: Protective effect of black tea extract on the levels of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes in liver of mice with pesticide-induced liver injury. Cell Biochem Funct. 2006 Jul-Aug;24(4):327-32. Administering a combination dose of chlorpyriphos and cypermethrin (20 mg kg (-1) each) on alternate days over a 15-day period to male mice resulted in induction of sub-acute toxicity as reflected by elevated levels of liver damage marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT). Decreased activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), (GSH), total thiol, peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were also observed in pesticide-treated as compared to control mice. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19297972 | Gurusubramanian G, Rahman A, Sarmah M, Ray S, Bora S: Pesticide usage pattern in tea ecosystem, their retrospects and alternative measures. J Environ Biol. 2008 Nov;29(6):813-26. Due to this practice, the tea pests showed a higher tolerance/ resistance status due to formation of greater amount of esterases, glutathione S-transferase and acetylcholinesterase. Thus, over reliance on pesticides end up with pesticide residue in made tea (DDT - 10.4-47.1%; endosulfan - 41.1-98.0%; dicofol- 0.0-82.4%; ethion - 0.0-36.2%; cypermethrin - 6.0- 45.1%). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19694443 | Xia XJ, Zhang Y, Wu JX, Wang JT, Zhou YH, Shi K, Yu YL, Yu JQ: Brassinosteroids promote metabolism of pesticides in cucumber. J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Sep 23;57(18):8406-13. Importantly, the stimulatory effect of EBR on pesticide metabolism was also observed for cypermethrin, chlorothalonil, and carbendazim, which was attributed to the enhanced activity and genes involved in pesticide metabolism. EBR had a positive effect on the activation of glutathione S-transferase (GST), peroxidase (POD), and glutathione reductase (GR) after treatment with chlorpyrifos, although the effect on GR was attenuated at later time points when plants were treated with 1 mM chlorpyrifos. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 1907908 | Krechniak J, Wrzesniowska K: Effects of pyrethroid insecticides on hepatic microsomal enzymes in rats. Environ Res. 1991 Aug;55(2):129-34. Animals were treated orally with cypermethrin (80 mg/kg), deltamethrin (15 mg/kg), and permethrin (100 mg/kg), as a solution in soyabean oil, for 1 to 20 days. The content of cytochromes P-450 and b5, activity of cytochrome P-450 reductase, glutathione S-transferase, 4-hydroxylase, p-nitroanisole O-demethylase in microsomes, the activity of glutathione S-transferase, and the level of sulfhydryl groups in cytosol were determined. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15849966 | Rodriguez MM, Bisset JA, Diaz C, Soca LA: [Cross resistance to pyrethroids in Aedes aegypti from Cuba induced by the selection with organophosphate malathion]. Rev Cubana Med Trop. 2003 May-Aug;55(2):105-11. It was also observed cross resistance to other pyrethroids (lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin and ciflutrine). Nevertheless, there was an increase in the frequency of the glutathione-s-transferase mechanism from 0.049 in Santiago de Cuba to 0.42 in SAN-F5, which may be associated with the resistance to pyrethroids. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10774652 | Karunaratne SH: Insecticide cross-resistance spectra and underlying resistance mechanisms of Sri Lankan anopheline vectors of malaria. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 1999 Sep;30(3):460-9. Higher glutathione-S-transferase activity was marked in An. subpictus. Adults were also tested for WHO standard discriminating dosages of malathion, propoxur, permethrin, DDT, cypermethrin, deltamethlin and lambda cyhalothrin. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19548293 | Achaleke J, Martin T, Ghogomu RT, Vaissayre M, Brevault T: Esterase-mediated resistance to pyrethroids in field populations of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Central Africa. Pest Manag Sci. 2009 Oct;65(10):1147-54. High resistance to cypermethrin (RF = 67-1771), cross-resistance to deltamethrin (RF = 60-2972) and lack of cross-resistance to the non-ester pyrethroid etofenprox (RF = 2-10) were observed among H. armigera field populations and laboratory-selected strains. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11137320 | Giray B, Gurbay A, Hincal F: Cypermethrin-induced oxidative stress in rat brain and liver is prevented by or allopurinol. Toxicol Lett. 2001 Jan 3;118(3):139-46. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11976062 | Valles SM, Woodson WD: Insecticide susceptibility and detoxication enzyme activities among Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki workers sampled from different locations in New Orleans. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol. 2002 Apr;131(4):469-76. The termites were subsequently assayed to determine their susceptibility to cypermethrin, chlordane and chlorpyrifos, and detoxication enzyme activity. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 14967506 | Meems N, Steinberg CE, Wiegand C: Direct and interacting toxicological effects on the waterflea (Daphnia magna) by natural organic matter, synthetic humic substances and cypermethrin. Sci Total Environ. 2004 Feb 5;319(1-3):123-36. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 12558102 | Pree DJ, Whitty KJ, Bittner LA, Pogoda MK: Mechanisms of resistance to organophosphorus insecticides in populations of the obliquebanded leafroller Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from southern Ontario. Pest Manag Sci. 2003 Jan;59(1):79-84. The laboratory population used for these assays and selected with azinphosmethyl was also resistant to the pyrethroid, cypermethrin. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |