Protein Information

Name interleukin 1 beta
Synonyms Catabolin; IL 1; IL 1 beta; IL 1B; IL1 beta; IL1B; IL1F2; Interleukin 1…

Compound Information

Name formaldehyde
CAS formaldehyde

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
19086277 Choi CH, Kim TI, Lee SK, Yang KM, Kim WH: Effect of Lactobacillus GG and conditioned media on IL-1beta-induced IL-8 production in Caco-2 cells. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2008 Aug;43(8):938-47.

To determine the nature of the immunomodulatory molecules, the LGG was modified to the following: treated with antibiotics, 4% formaldehyde, incubation at 95 degrees C, or sonication.
7(0,0,0,7) Details
19304545 Shen N, Gan XL, Pang HY, He ZQ: [Role of sodium cromoglycate in brain protection and its effects on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in gerbils]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2009 Mar;29(3):528-30.

The animals were then sacrificed and the thalamus were removed, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and sliced for observation under light microscope with HE staining.
6(0,0,0,6) Details
19240301 Feng CY, Johnson SC, Hori TS, Rise M, Hall JR, Gamperl AK, Hubert S, Kimball J, Bowman S, Rise ML: Identification and analysis of differentially expressed genes in immune tissues of Atlantic cod stimulated with formalin-killed, atypical Aeromonas salmonicida. Physiol Genomics. 2009 May 13;37(3):149-63. Epub 2009 Feb 24.


Genes confirmed by QPCR as upregulated by A. salmonicida included interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-8, a small inducible cytokine, interferon regulatory factor 1 (IRF1), ferritin heavy subunit, cathelicidin, and hepcidin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18939936 Curt S, Subirade M, Rouabhia M: Production and in vitro evaluation of soy protein-based biofilms as a support for human keratinocyte and fibroblast culture. Tissue Eng Part A. 2009 Jun;15(6):1223-32.

This was supported by the high level of messenger RNA expression of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor alpha by the keratinocytes and of IL-6 and IL-8 by the fibroblasts.
SPI biofilms were prepared from SPI chemically treated with formaldehyde at various concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, and 3%) as cross-linking agents.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18670089 Hwang HJ, Kim P, Kim CJ, Lee HJ, Shim I, Yin CS, Yang Y, Hahm DH: Antinociceptive effect of amygdalin isolated from Prunus armeniaca on formalin-induced pain in rats. Biol Pharm Bull. 2008 Aug;31(8):1559-64.


Molecular analysis targeting c-Fos and inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) also showed a significant effect of amygdalin, which matched the results of the behavioral pain analysis.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17466916 Napimoga MH, Cavada BS, Alencar NM, Mota ML, Bittencourt FS, Alves-Filho JC, Grespan R, Goncalves RB, Clemente-Napimoga JT, de Freitas A, Parada CA, Ferreira SH, Cunha FQ: Lonchocarpus sericeus lectin decreases leukocyte migration and mechanical hypernociception by inhibiting cytokine and chemokines production. Int Immunopharmacol. 2007 Jun;7(6):824-35. Epub 2007 Mar 5.


In addition, we measured cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta) and chemokines (MIP-1alpha [CCL3] and KC [CXCL1]) from the peritoneal exudates and i.pl. tissue.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19670824 Haudenschild DR, Chen J, Steklov N, Lotz MK, D'Lima DD: Characterization of the chondrocyte actin cytoskeleton in living three-dimensional culture: response to anabolic and catabolic stimuli. Mol Cell Biomech. 2009 Sep;6(3):135-44.

TGF-beta increases actin extensions, and lamellar ruffling indicative of Rac/CDC42 activation, while IL-1beta causes cellular contraction indicative of RhoA activation.
Historically, the chondrocyte actin cytoskeleton has been studied after formaldehyde fixation--precluding real-time measurements of actin dynamics, or in monolayer cultured cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
18771711 Seo YJ, Kwon MS, Choi HW, Choi SM, Kim YW, Lee JK, Park SH, Jung JS, Suh HW: Differential expression of phosphorylated Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein in the mouse hippocampus induced by various nociceptive stimuli. Neuroscience. 2008 Oct 15;156(3):436-49. Epub 2008 Aug 8.


In a behavioral study, we assessed the effects of PD98059 (a MEK 1/2 inhibitor) and KN-93 (a CaMKII inhibitor) following i.c.v. administration on the nociceptive behaviors induced by i.t. injections of glutamate, pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha or IL-1beta), and i.p. injections of acetic acid.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17922553 Murray AR, Kisin E, Castranova V, Kommineni C, Gunther MR, Shvedova AA: Phenol-induced in vivo oxidative stress in skin: evidence for enhanced free radical generation, thiol oxidation, and antioxidant depletion. Chem Res Toxicol. 2007 Dec;20(12):1769-77. Epub 2007 Oct 9.

Epidermal mouse cells exposed to phenolic compounds showed the induction of early inflammatory response mediators, such as prostaglandin E 2 and IL-1beta.
A variety of phenolic compounds are utilized in industry (e.g., for the production of phenol (PhOH)-formaldehyde resins, paints and lacquers, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17927679 Ge X, Nowak G, Ericzon BG, Sumitran-Holgersson S: Liver sinusoidal endothelial cell function in rejected and spontaneously accepted rat liver allografts. Transpl Int. 2008 Jan;21(1):49-56. Epub 2007 Oct 10.

LSEC function was determined by circulating hyaluronic acid (HA) levels and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled formaldehyde-treated serum albumin (FITC-FSA) uptake.
Further investigation revealed that interleukin-1beta, a cytokine that promotes LSEC function, was higher in DA than in Lewis rats.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17719662 Xu JM, Tao LJ, Fu D, Lv ZP, Li L, Dai RP: Activation of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) signaling in the spinal cord in the rats with experimental cardiac injury. Int J Cardiol. 2008 Aug 29;128(3):413-8. Epub 2007 Aug 24.

9(0,0,0,9) Details
17870246 Menetski J, Mistry S, Lu M, Mudgett JS, Ransohoff RM, Demartino JA, Macintyre DE, Abbadie C: Mice overexpressing chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in astrocytes display enhanced nociceptive responses. Neuroscience. 2007 Nov 9;149(3):706-14. Epub 2007 Aug 14.


Consequently, proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression (IL-1beta, IL-6, and TNFalpha) levels were greater in skin, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and spinal cord, whereas the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) level was lower in skin and DRG in CCL2 overexpressing mice than in control mice.
1(0,0,0,1) Details