| Name | metallothionein (protein family or complex) |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Metallothionein; Metallothioneins |
| Name | paraquat |
|---|---|
| CAS | 1,1′-dimethyl-4,4′-bipyridinium |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12711304 | Choi CH: Cloning and functional study of a novel human metallothionein-I isoform induced by paraquat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 May 2;304(2):236-40. |
12(0,0,2,2) | Details |
| 15019097 | Kondoh M, Tsukada M, Kuronaga M, Higashimoto M, Takiguchi M, Himeno S, Watanabe Y, Sato M: Induction of hepatic metallothionein synthesis by endoplasmic reticulum stress in mice. Toxicol Lett. 2004 Mar 14;148(1-2):133-9. Metallothionein (MT) is a small sulfhydryl-rich protein whose levels are elevated by various inducers of organelle stresses, such as nuclear stress (cisplatin), mitochondrial stress (antimycin A, 2,4-dinitrophenol) and lysosomal stress (paraquat). |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 17562010 | Janssens TK, Marien J, Cenijn P, Legler J, van Straalen NM, Roelofs D: Recombinational micro-evolution of functionally different metallothionein promoter alleles from Orchesella cincta. BMC Evol Biol. 2007 Jun 11;7:88. Luciferase constructs were made from the most abundant alleles, and responses to Cd, paraquat (oxidative stress inducer) and moulting hormone were studied in cell lines. |
4(0,0,0,4) | Details |
| 11460739 | Wright J, George S, Martinez-Lara E, Carpene E, Kindt M: Levels of cellular and metallothionein affect the toxicity of oxidative stressors in an established carp cell line. Mar Environ Res. 2000 Jul-Dec;50(1-5):503-8. LC50's decreased in the order t-butylhydroperoxide > peroxide > diquat > paraquat. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 15448172 | Mir G, Domenech J, Huguet G, Guo WJ, Goldsbrough P, Atrian S, Molinas M: A plant type 2 metallothionein (MT) from cork tissue responds to oxidative stress. J Exp Bot. 2004 Dec;55(408):2483-93. Epub 2004 Sep 24. Furthermore, in situ hybridization results demonstrate that RNA expression of QsMT is mainly observed under conditions related to oxidative stress, either endogenous, as found in cork or in actively proliferating tissues, or exogenous, for example, in response to H (2) O (2) or paraquat treatments. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 10754530 | Suzuki Y, Kondo Y, Himeno S, Nemoto K, Akimoto M, Imura N: Role of antioxidant systems in human androgen-independent prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 2000 May 1;43(2):144-9. METHODS: Three cell lines of human hormone-independent prostate cancer (PC-3, PC-3 MA2, and HPC36M) were examined for activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase, and for levels of protein and nonprotein thiols such as metallothionein, and thioredoxin. Sensitivity of these cells to anticancer drugs and inducers of reactive species such as paraquat, tert-butylhydroperoxide, and peroxide was determined by microtiter assay. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 15359896 | Satoh M: [Toxicological significance of metallothionein on environmental harmful factors: verification and suggestions from a metallothionein-I/II null mouse model study]. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 2004 Jul;59(3):317-25. MT-I/II null mice were found to be much more sensitive than wild-type mice to the toxicity caused by free radical-inducing factors, which include paraquat, X-ray, ultraviolet B, carbon tetrachloride, cisplatin, doxorubicin, cerulein and streptozotocin. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17516025 | Nishiuchi S, Liu S, Takano T: Isolation and characterization of a metallothionein-1 protein in Chloris virgata Swartz that enhances stress tolerances to oxidative, salinity and stress in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol Lett. 2007 Aug;29(8):1301-5. Epub 2007 May 22. Northern hybridization showed that expression of ChlMT1 was induced by several abiotic stresses, from salts (NaCl and NaHCO (3)), a ROS inducer (paraquat), and metals (CuSO (4), ZnSO (4), and CoCl (2)). |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17409699 | Min KS: [Physiological significance of metallothionein in oxidative stress] . Yakugaku Zasshi. 2007 Apr;127(4):695-702. Prooxidative agents such as paraquat and carbon tetrachloride induce MT synthesis mediated by some responsive elements. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17277942 | Gonzalez-Guerrero M, Cano C, Azcon-Aguilar C, Ferrol N: GintMT1 encodes a functional metallothionein in Glomus intraradices that responds to oxidative stress. Mycorrhiza. 2007 Jun;17(4):327-35. Epub 2007 Feb 3. Gene expression analyses revealed that the transcript levels of GintMT1 were elevated in mycelia treated with 5 mM Cu or paraquat but inhibited in mycelia treated with 50 microM Cu or 450 microM Cd. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 12765234 | Kondoh M, Imada N, Kamada K, Tsukahara R, Higashimoto M, Takiguchi M, Watanabe Y, Sato M: Property of metallothionein as a Zn pool differs depending on the induced condition of metallothionein. Toxicol Lett. 2003 Apr 30;142(1-2):11-8. MT was induced by paraquat (PQ), a reactive generator, fasting stress and restraint stress. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 17409708 | Ohashi T, Satoh T, Kuwata M, Fujimura T, Taketani S: [Visualization and evaluation of the promoter activities of genes for stress-inducible proteins in response to environmental pollutants]. Yakugaku Zasshi. 2007 Apr;127(4):757-64. We examined the systematic assay of the reporter gene for the assessment of heavy metals and organic chemical pollutants using the reporter plasmids carrying stress-responsive elements fused to the green fluorescence protein (GFP) gene as follows: metallothionein (MTIIA), heme oxigenase-1 (HO-1), quinone reductase (ARE), and c-fos genes. The treatment of COS7 cells in which the c-fos gene promoter-, ARE-, or HO-1 enhancer-fused GFP with a low concentration of NaAsO (2) was introduced led to the detection of the fluorescent cells, and an agrichemical paraquat enhanced the fluorescence of ARE or HO-1 enhancer-transfected cells. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16008091 | Zhou GK, Xu YF, Liu JY: Characterization of a rice class II metallothionein gene: tissue expression patterns and induction in response to abiotic factors. J Plant Physiol. 2005 Jun;162(6):686-96. Northern blot analysis showed that accumulation of OsMT-II-1a mRNA is specifically abundant in developing seeds and 2-day glumes after pollination, and OsMT-II-1a transcription can markedly be induced by H2O2, paraquat, SNP, ethephon, ABA and SA, but barely by metal ions or other exogenous abiotic factors such as low temperature and PEG. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 12578363 | Ruzsa SM, Scandalios JG: Altered Cu metabolism and differential transcription of Cu/ZnSod genes in a Cu/ZnSOD-deficient mutant of maize: evidence for a Cu-responsive transcription factor. Biochemistry. 2003 Feb 18;42(6):1508-16. Although a reduced level of high-affinity transport in A351 cannot be ruled out, high transcript levels of a constitutively expressed metallothionein, suggesting increased chelation capacity and creating a general -deprivation effect, seem to be a likely cause of the reduced levels of enzyme activity and Cu/ZnSod gene transcripts. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15288509 | Taylor DM, Minotti S, Agar JN, Durham HD: Overexpression of metallothionein protects cultured motor neurons against oxidative stress, but not mutant Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase toxicity. Neurotoxicology. 2004 Sep;25(5):779-92. Metallothioneins (MT) are low molecular weight, metal-binding proteins with established antioxidant capabilities. MT-III expression was restricted to neurons and was unaffected by treatment with ZnCl (2), paraquat, or |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14503839 | Lee TB, Lim DY, Jeon HJ, Min YD, Kim KC, Kim KJ, Choi CH: Differential induction of Mn-containing superoxide dismutase by paraquat in peripheral lymphocytes of normal subjects and gastric cancer patients. Mol Cells. 2003 Aug 31;16(1):13-8. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and metallothionein (MT) serve as initial and final defense mechanisms, respectively, against ROS. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17144312 | Chiang HC, Lo JC, Yeh KC: Genes associated with heavy metal tolerance and accumulation in Zn/Cd hyperaccumulator Arabidopsis halleri: a genomic survey with cDNA microarray. Environ Sci Technol. 2006 Nov 1;40(21):6792-8. We found that metallothionein 2b and 3, APX and MDAR4 in the - pathway, and certain metal transporters in P (1B)-type ATPase, ZIP, Nramp, and CDF families, are expressed at higher levels in A. halleri than in A. thaliana. This observation positively correlates with the higher ability of A. halleri to detoxify H2O2 produced by cadmium and paraquat treatments. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10218660 | Tate DJ Jr, Miceli MV, Newsome DA: protects against oxidative damage in cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999 Mar;26(5-6):704-13. After 1 week, MTT assays were performed to determine the relative cytotoxicity of H2O2 or paraquat on RPE cells. The antioxidants metallothionein, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and peroxidase were also measured. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10774745 | Choi CH, Kim HS, Kweon OS, Lee TB, You HJ, Rha HS, Jeong JH, Lim DY, Min YD, Kim MS, Chung MH: Reactive species-specific mechanisms of drug resistance in paraquat-resistant acute myelogenous leukemia sublines. Mol Cells. 2000 Feb 29;10(1):38-46. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that increases in levels of metallothionein, glutathione S-transferase, Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD play important roles in protective mechanisms against toxicity of PQ or ROS in AML cells. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 19506883 | Balestrazzi A, Botti S, Zelasco S, Biondi S, Franchin C, Calligari P, Racchi M, Turchi A, Lingua G, Berta G, Carbonera D: Expression of the PsMTA1 gene in white poplar engineered with the MAT system is associated with heavy metal tolerance and protection against mediated-DNA damage. Plant Cell Rep. 2009 Aug;28(8):1179-92. Epub 2009 Jun 9. Tolerance to photo-oxidative stress induced by paraquat was another distinctive feature of the MAT-PsMT (A1) lines. Marker-free transgenic white poplar (Populus alba L., cv 'Villafranca') plants, expressing the PsMT (A1) gene from Pisum sativum for a metallothionein-like protein, were produced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16555045 | Tomita M, Okuyama T, Katsuyama H, Ishikawa T: Paraquat-induced gene expression in rat kidney. . Arch Toxicol. 2006 Oct;80(10):687-93. Epub 2006 Mar 23. Expression of six genes had increased significantly by 3 h after the first injection: metallothionein-1 (MT-1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, Na/K-transporting ATPase beta1 subunit, oxaloacetic transaminase, glutathione-S-transferase, and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |