Protein Information

Name apolipoprotein E
Synonyms AD2; APOE; Apo E; Apolipoprotein E; Apolipoprotein E precursor; apoprotein; Apo Es; Apolipoprotein Es…

Compound Information

Name warfarin
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
20072124 Cavallari LH, Langaee TY, Momary KM, Shapiro NL, Nutescu EA, Coty WA, Viana MA, Patel SR, Johnson JA: Genetic and clinical predictors of warfarin dose requirements in African Americans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010 Apr;87(4):459-64. Epub 2010 Jan 13.

The objective of this study was to determine whether, in African-American patients, additional vitamin K oxidoreductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9), CYP4F2, or apolipoprotein E (APOE) polymorphisms contribute to variability in the warfarin maintenance dose beyond what is attributable to the CYP2C9*2 and *3 alleles and the VKORC1 -1639G> A genotype.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
19942260 Yang L, Ge W, Yu F, Zhu H: Impact of VKORC1 gene polymorphism on interindividual and interethnic warfarin dosage requirement--a systematic review and meta analysis. Thromb Res. 2010 Apr;125(4):e159-66. Epub 2009 Nov 25.

It has been suggested that anticoagulation effect of warfarin is significantly associated with the polymorphism of certain genes, including Cytochrome P450 complex subunit 2C9 (CYP2C9), Vitamin K Epoxide Reductase Complex Subunit 1 (VKORC1), Gamma-Glutamyl Carboxylase (GGCX) and Apolipoprotein E (APOE) etc.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
19958090 Lee MT, Chen CH, Chou CH, Lu LS, Chuang HP, Chen YT, Saleem AN, Wen MS, Chen JJ, Wu JY, Chen YT: Genetic determinants of warfarin dosing in the Han-Chinese population. Pharmacogenomics. 2009 Dec;10(12):1905-13.

MATERIALS & METHODS: In this study, we screened for SNPs in 13 genes (VKORC1, CYP2C9, CYP2C18, PROC, APOE, EPHX1, CALU, GGCX, ORM1, ORM2, factor II, factor VII and CYP4F2) and tested their associations with warfarin dosing with univariate and multiple regression analysis.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
18698879 Stehle S, Kirchheiner J, Lazar A, Fuhr U: Pharmacogenetics of oral anticoagulants: a basis for dose individualization. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2008;47(9):565-94.

Genetic polymorphism in further enzymes and structures involved in the effect of anticoagulants such as gamma-glutamylcarboxylase, glutathione S-transferase A1, microsomal epoxide hydrolase and apolipoprotein E appear to be of negligible importance.Despite the clear effects of CYP2C9 and VKORC1 variants, these polymorphisms explain less than half of the interindividual variability in the dose response to oral anticoagulants.
Coumarin derivatives, including warfarin, acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon, are the drugs of choice for long-term treatment and prevention of thromboembolic events.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19139745 Adler A, Afek A, Levy Y, Keren G, George J: Antiphospholipid antibodies from a patient with primary antiphospholipid syndrome enhance experimental atherosclerosis. Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med. 2009 Mar;6(3):215-8. Epub 2009 Jan 13.

INVESTIGATIONS: Coronary angiography, intravascular ultrasonography, injection of apolipoprotein-E-knockout mice with patient's IgG.
After follow-up coronary angiography, he was switched to warfarin with a target International Normalized Ratio of 3.5-4.0.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20020283 Cadamuro J, Dieplinger B, Felder T, Kedenko I, Mueller T, Haltmayer M, Patsch W, Oberkofler H: Genetic determinants of acenocoumarol and phenprocoumon maintenance dose requirements. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2010 Mar;66(3):253-60. Epub 2009 Dec 18.

OBJECTIVE: The variability in warfarin dose requirement is attributable to genetic and environmental factors.
METHODS: Common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding cytochrome P450 family member 2C9 (CYP2C9), vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 (VKORC1), gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX), calumenin (CALU) and apolipoprotein E (APOE) were studied in 206 patients receiving AC or PC.
1(0,0,0,1) Details