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Barata C, Damasio J, Lopez MA, Kuster M, Lopez de Alda M, Barcelo D, Riva MC, Raldua D: Combined use of biomarkers and in situ bioassays in Daphnia magna to monitor environmental hazards of pesticides in the field. Environ Toxicol Chem. 2007 Feb;26(2):370-9.
The results obtained indicated high levels of pesticides in water, with peak values of 487 microg/L for bentazone, 8 microg/L for methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 5 microg/L for propanil, 0.8 microg/L for molinate, and 0.7 microg/L for fenitrothion.
Measured biological responses denoted severe effects on grazing rates; a strong inhibition of cholinesterases and carboxylesterases, which are specific biomarkers of organophosphorous and carbamate pesticides; and altered patterns of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and the phase II metabolizing enzyme glutathione S-transferase. |
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