Protein Information

Name ant 4
Synonyms AAC 4; AAC4; ANT 4; ANT4; SFEC35kDa; SLC25A31; SFEC35kDas

Compound Information

Name streptomycin
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
16821713 Filipova M, Bujdakova H, Drahovska H, Liskova A, Hanzen J: Occurrence of aminoglycoside-modifying-enzyme genes aac (6')-aph (2"), aph (3'), ant (4') and ant (6) in clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis resistant to high-level of gentamicin and amikacin. Folia Microbiol. 2006;51(1):57-61.

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15256029 Udo EE, Al-Sweih N, John P, Jacob LE, Mohanakrishnan S: Characterization of high-level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci in Kuwait hospitals. Microb Drug Resist. 2004 Summer;10(2):139-45.

None of them contained ant (4')-Ia, aph (2")-Ib, aph (2")-Ic and aph (2")-Id.
The MICs of gentamicin, kanamycin, amikacin, tobramycin, and streptomycin were determined by agar dilution and the genes encoding the AAC (6')- APH (2"), ANT (4'), APH (3'), APH (2")-Ib, APH (2")-Ic, APH (2")-Id, and ANT (6) enzymes were amplified by PCR.
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15077803 Jackson CR, Fedorka-Cray PJ, Barrett JB, Ladely SR: Genetic relatedness of high-level aminoglycoside-resistant enterococci isolated from poultry carcasses. Avian Dis. 2004 Jan-Mar;48(1):100-7.

Approximately 46% (75/162) or poultry enterococci collected between 1999 and 2000 exhibited high-level resistance to gentamicin (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] > or = 500 microg/ml), kanamycin (MIC > or = 500 microg/ml), or streptomycin (MIC > or = 1000 microg/ml).
Using polymerase chain reaction, the isolates were examined for the presence of 10 aminoglycoside resistance genes [ant (6)-Ia, ant (9)-Ia, ant (4')-Ia, aph (3')-IIIa, aph (2")-Ib, aph (2")-Ic, aph (2")-Id, aac (6')-Ie-aph (2")-Ia, and aac (6')-Ii].
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17657324 Sepulveda MA, Bello HT, Dominguez MY, Mella SM, Zemelman RZ, Gonzalez GR: [Molecular identification of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes among strains of Enterococcus spp. isolated in hospitals of the VIII Region of Chile]. Rev Med Chil. 2007 May;135(5):566-72. Epub 2007 Jul 9.

Three genes were detected: aac (6) Ie-aph (2") Ia (14.8%) encoding for the enzyme AAC (6) Ie-APH (2") Ia (resistance to all aminoglycosides, except streptomycin); aph (3) IIIa (26%), and ant (6) la (28.5%) encoding for the phosphorylating enzymes APH (3) Ilia (resistance to kanamycin, amikacin and neomycin), and ANT (6)-la (resistance only to streptomycin), respectively.
None of the strains harbored the gene ant (4) which encode for the enzyme ANT (4).
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19734605 Jeric PE, Azpiroz A, Lopardo H, Centron D: Survey of molecular determinants in Gram-positive cocci isolated from hospital settings in Argentina. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2007 Dec 1;1(3):275-83.

METHODOLOGY: The MICs to amikacin, gentamicin, kanamycin, and streptomycin, tetracycline and erythromycin were determined by the standard broth dilution method according to CLSI recommendations.
Indeed, 37.6% of the isolates harbored the aac (6')-aph (2'') genes; 27% harbored the aph (3')-IIIa and ant (6)-Ia genes along with the aac (6')-aph (2'') gene; 7% carried the ant (4')-Ia gene; and 71% harbored one or more of the erm (A), erm (B), erm (TR), mef (A), mef (E) and msr (A) genes.
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17650957 Hauschild T, Vukovic D, Dakic I, Jezek P, Djukic S, Dimitrijevic V, Stepanovic S, Schwarz S: Aminoglycoside resistance in members of the Staphylococcus sciuri group. Microb Drug Resist. 2007 Summer;13(2):77-84.

A total of 304 S. sciuri group member isolates (284 S. sciuri, 12 S. lentus, and 8 S. vitulinus) from humans (n = 34), animals (n = 133), and environmental sources (n = 137; out-hospital and hospital environment, food) were examined for their susceptibility to amikacin, gentamicin, isepamicin, kanamycin, neomycin, netilmicin, sisomicin, streptomycin, and tobramycin.
The aac (6')-Ie/aph (2"), ant (4')-Ia, and aph (3')-IIIa genes, either alone or in combination, were found in 16 out of 19 isolates showing resistance to nonstreptomycin aminoglycosides.
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17030911 Chen YG, Qu TT, Yu YS, Zhou JY, Li LJ: Insertion sequence ISEcp1-like element connected with a novel aph (2'') allele [aph (2'')-Ie] conferring high-level gentamicin resistance and a novel streptomycin adenylyltransferase gene in Enterococcus. J Med Microbiol. 2006 Nov;55(Pt 11):1521-5.

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