Protein Information

Name HLA DR
Synonyms Cell surface glycoprotein; MHC class I antigen; MHC class II antigen; DR5; Leucocyte antigen B; DR 5; DRB 1; DRB1…

Compound Information

Name MAA
CAS methylarsonic acid

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
9924695 Coral S, Sigalotti L, Gasparollo A, Cattarossi I, Visintin A, Cattelan A, Altomonte M, Maio M: Prolonged upregulation of the expression of HLA class I antigens and costimulatory molecules on melanoma cells treated with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-AZA-CdR). J Immunother. 1999 Jan;22(1):16-24.


The immunogenic potential of melanoma cells and their recognition by the host's cytotoxic cells depends on the presence and on the level of expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigens, costimulatory molecules and melanoma-associated antigens (MAA), on neoplastic cells.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
2302716 Rosenberg CD, Ferrone S, Hamby CV, Mancino V, Graf LH Jr: Interspecific DNA-mediated transfer and amplification of a gene specifying a Mr 100,000 human melanoma-associated cell surface glycoprotein. Cancer Res. 1990 Mar 1;50(5):1559-65.

Primary, secondary, and tertiary B78H1 transfectants expressing the Mr 100,000 MAA gene were generated by treatment with coprecipitated DNA from Mr 100,000 MAA+ human or transfectant mouse cells and they were detected by an indirect RBC rosetting assay.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8941875 Player MA, Barracchini KC, Simonis TB, Rivoltini L, Arienti F, Castelli C, Mazzocchi A, Belli F, Parmiani G, Marincola FM: Differences in frequency distribution of HLA-A2 subtypes between North American and Italian white melanoma patients: relevance for epitope specific vaccination protocols. J Immunother Emphasis Tumor Immunol. 1996 Sep;19(5):357-63.


Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) associated in vivo with tumor regression recognize the product of nonmutated genes expressed by most melanoma cells as peptides bound to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
1934567 Imai R, Miura J, Takamori K, Ogawa H: Increased HLA-DR+ T-lymphocyte population in peripheral blood of alopecia areata. Clin Exp Dermatol. 1991 May;16(3):176-80.

Fifty-eight patients with AA were classified into one of three types: those with inactive single AA (type 1) lesions, active multiple alopecia areata (MAA) lesions and active alopecia totalis (AT) (type 2) and chronic alopecia universalis (AU) (type 3).
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3889169 Ernstoff MS, Duray P, Stenn K, Kirkwood JM: Antigenic phenotype of pigment cell lesions: a study of melanoma, its precursor lesions and heterogeneity in metastatic melanoma. J Invest Dermatol. 1985 May;84(5):430-2.

We have demonstrated expression of HLA-DR, beta 2-microglobulin, and 2 melanoma-associated antigens (MAA) in a range of benign and malignant lesion, and have confirmed the close association of HLA-DR and MAA on malignant lesions.
6(0,0,1,1) Details
10432284 Wang Z, Marincola FM, Rivoltini L, Parmiani G, Ferrone S: Selective histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 loss caused by aberrant pre-mRNA splicing in 624MEL28 melanoma cells. J Exp Med. 1999 Jul 19;190(2):205-15.

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11092052 Abken H, Hombach A, Heuser C, Reinhold U: A novel strategy in the elimination of disseminated melanoma cells: chimeric receptors endow T cells with tumor specificity. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2001;158:249-64.


Cytotoxic T cells grafted with the chimeric anti-HMW-MAA scFv-gamma signaling receptor specifically lyse HMW-MAA-positive melanoma cells in a human leukocyte antigen class I-independent fashion.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
8419461 Kameda Y, Hirota C: Production of a monoclonal antibody against cell-surface glycoprotein of guinea pig adrenocortical cells. J Histochem Cytochem. 1993 Feb;41(2):235-43.

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15373771 Mittelman A, Tiwari R, Lucchese G, Willers J, Dummer R, Kanduc D: Identification of monoclonal anti-HMW-MAA antibody linear peptide epitope by proteomic database mining. J Invest Dermatol. 2004 Oct;123(4):670-5.


The present result has been obtained by applying as driving criteria the analysis of the peptide affinity to MHC class II molecules and the non-self discrimination concept.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19386352 Meije CB, Swart GW, Lepoole C, Das PK, Van den Oord JJ: Antigenic profiles of individual-matched pairs of primary and melanoma metastases. Hum Pathol. 2009 Oct;40(10):1399-407. Epub 2009 Apr 22.


A unique collection of individual-matched pairs of primary and melanoma metastases were studied immunohistochemically with a panel of 6 monoclonal antibodies directed to gp-100, pigmentation-associated antigen, tyrosinase-related protein, human leukocyte antigen DR, MAA-1, and MAA-2 (high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigens).
1(0,0,0,1) Details