Protein Information

Name endothelin 1
Synonyms EDN 1; EDN1; ET1; Endothelin 1; Endothelin 1 precursor; PPET 1; PPET1; Preproendothelin 1…

Compound Information

Name SMA
CAS sodium 2-chloroacetate

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
18939363 Garncarczyk A, Jurzak M, Gojniczek K: [Characteristic of the endogenous peptides--endothelins and their role in the connective tissue fibrosis]. Wiad Lek. 2008;61(4-6):126-34.


Endothelin 1 is the significant isoform in humans.
7(0,0,0,7) Details
18365870 Solini A, Santini E, Madec S, Cuccato S, Ferrannini E: Effects of endothelin-1 on fibroblasts from type 2 diabetic patients: Possible role in wound healing and tissue repair. Growth Factors. 2007 Dec;25(6):392-9.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
18802478 Kapoor M, Liu S, Shi-wen X, Huh K, McCann M, Denton CP, Woodgett JR, Abraham DJ, Leask A: GSK-3beta in mouse fibroblasts controls wound healing and fibrosis through an endothelin-1-dependent mechanism. J Clin Invest. 2008 Oct;118(10):3279-90.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
18083893 Allahdadi KJ, Duling LC, Walker BR, Kanagy NL: Eucapnic intermittent hypoxia augments endothelin-1 vasoconstriction in rats: role of PKCdelta. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2008 Feb;294(2):H920-7. Epub 2007 Dec 14.

In addition, augmented ET-1-induced constriction in small mesenteric arteries (sMA) is mediated by increased Ca (2+) sensitization independent of Rho-associated kinase.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
19576044 Huang HQ, Zhang P, Jiang Z, Chen HZ: [Overexpression of endothelin-1 induces hypertrophy of rat pulmonary arterial microvascular smooth muscle cells via Akt/mTOR pathway]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi. 2009 Apr;32(4):287-91.

2(0,0,0,2) Details
18291634 Kennedy L, Shi-Wen X, Carter DE, Abraham DJ, Leask A: Fibroblast adhesion results in the induction of a matrix remodeling gene expression program. Matrix Biol. 2008 May;27(4):274-81. Epub 2008 Jan 26.


Endothelin-1 (ET-1), a key inducer of pro-fibrotic gene expression, was also induced upon fibroblast attachment to ECM, and antagonism of the ET-1 receptors significantly reduced the ability of adhesion to induce expression of CCN2, alpha-SMA and type I collagen mRNAs.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19015263 Jin L, Yoshida T, Ho R, Owens GK, Somlyo AV: The actin-associated protein Palladin is required for development of normal contractile properties of smooth muscle cells derived from embryoid bodies. J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 23;284(4):2121-30. Epub 2008 Nov 17.


Importantly, Palladin null APSCs within collagen gels generated less maximum contractile force when stimulated with endothelin-1, sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P), and thrombin.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20199810 Chou MT, Chang SN, Ke C, Chang HI, Sung ML, Kuo HC, Chen CN: The proliferation and differentiation of placental-derived multipotent cells into smooth muscle cells on fibrillar collagen. Biomaterials. 2010 May;31(15):4367-75. Epub 2010 Mar 3.


Furthermore, PDMC-differentiated SMCs exhibited significant collagen contractility in the presence or absence of endothelin-1 (ET-1) stimulation.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17907149 Manetti M, Neumann E, Milia AF, Tarner IH, Bechi P, Matucci-Cerinic M, Ibba-Manneschi L, Muller-Ladner U: Severe fibrosis and increased expression of fibrogenic cytokines in the gastric wall of systemic sclerosis patients. Arthritis Rheum. 2007 Oct;56(10):3442-7.


Tissue sections were either stained with Masson's trichrome or by immunohistochemistry and analyzed for the expression of types I, III, and IV collagen, alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA), transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and endothelin 1 (ET-1).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19957535 Wu ZG, Wang WL, Cai J, Wu XL, Wu W, Li XB, Li CD, Weng ZL: [Effect of tadalafil therapy upon penile cavernous tissues in spontaneously hypertensive rats]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2009 Jun 23;89(24):1717-20.


OBJECTIVE; To observe the plasma concentration change of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and the histomorphological changes in penile cavernous body after administrating a continuous low dose of tadalafil into spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19224450 Diaz-Gil JJ, Garcia-Monzon C, Rua C, Martin-Sanz P, Cereceda RM, Miquilena-Colina ME, Machin C, Fernandez-Martinez A, Garcia-Canero R: Liver growth factor antifibrotic activity in vivo is associated with a decrease in activation of hepatic stellate cells. Histol Histopathol. 2009 Apr;24(4):473-9.


Groups were compared in terms of liver alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA) content (western blotting and immunohistochemistry), hepatic apoptosis, liver desmin content (western blotting), and serum endothelin-1 (ELISA).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
19246878 Zhang X, Zhang CS, Liu YC, Yang XQ, Xiong SH, Wen Y, Jiang EP, Li R, Zhang ZY, Liu F, Ye Y: Isolation, culture and characterization of cardiac progenitor cells derived from human embryonic heart tubes. Cells Tissues Organs. 2009;190(4):194-208. Epub 2009 Feb 23.


After Nkx2.5+ hCPCs were treated with endothelin-1, all cells displayed spontaneous electrical activity and spontaneous beating.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
20051653 Iwanaga K, Murata T, Hori M, Ozaki H: Isolation and characterization of bovine intestinal subepithelial myofibroblasts. J Pharmacol Sci. 2010 Jan;112(1):98-104. Epub 2010 Jan 6.


In intracellular Ca2+ concentration measurement, bioactive substances (0.3-1 microM ATP, 0.1-1 microM serotonin, 10-100 nM endothelin-1, and 1-10 nM bradykinin) dose-dependently induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration in bovine ISMFs (passage 3 and 7).
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17889833 Bulow R, Fitzner B, Sparmann G, Emmrich J, Liebe S, Jaster R: Antifibrogenic effects of histone deacetylase inhibitors on pancreatic stellate cells. Biochem Pharmacol. 2007 Dec 15;74(12):1747-57. Epub 2007 Aug 21.


While all three HDACI inhibited mRNA expression of endothelin-1, only VPA significantly reduced expression of transforming growth factor-beta1.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
17720771 Allahdadi KJ, Walker BR, Kanagy NL: ROK contribution to endothelin-mediated contraction in aorta and mesenteric arteries following intermittent hypoxia/hypercapnia in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2007 Nov;293(5):H2911-8. Epub 2007 Aug 24.

We reported previously that intermittent hypoxia with CO (2) to maintain eucapnia (IH-C) elevates plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1) and arterial pressure.
In small mesenteric arteries (sMA; inner diameter = 150 microm), IH-C augments ET-1 constrictor sensitivity but diminishes ET-1-induced increases in intracellular Ca (2+) concentration, suggesting IH-C exposure increases both ET-1 levels and ET-1-stimulated Ca (2+) sensitization.
1(0,0,0,1) Details