| Name | AP 2 |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | AP 2; AP 2 transcription factor; AP 2alpha; AP2; AP2 alpha; AP2 transcription factor; AP2TF; Activating enhancer binding protein 2 alpha… |
| Name | 4-aminopyridine |
|---|---|
| CAS | 4-pyridinamine |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12740033 | Li Y, Ganta S, von Stein FB, Mason DE, Mitchell BM, Freeman LC: 4-aminopyridine decreases production by porcine granulosa cells. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2003 Apr 1;1:31. RESULTS: 4-AP (2 mM) decreased accumulation in the media of serum-supplemented and serum-free granulosa cultures, but inhibited cell proliferation only under serum-free conditions. 4-AP decreased the expression of StAR, the production of cAMP and the synthesis of by PGC-2. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 20357193 | Lee YC, Chang HH, Liu CH, Chen MF, Chen PY, Kuo JS, Lee TJ: Methyl A Potent Vasodilator Released in the Retina. . Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Mar 31. The aortic relaxations induced by RRF and exogenous PAME were inhibited by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mmol/L) and tetraethylammonium (TEA, 10 mmol/L), but were not affected by TEA at 1 mmol/L or 3 mmol/L, glibenclamide (3 mumol/L), or iberiotoxin (100 nmol/L). |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 17617391 | Fesus G, Dubrovska G, Gorzelniak K, Kluge R, Huang Y, Luft FC, Gollasch M: Adiponectin is a novel humoral vasodilator. Cardiovasc Res. 2007 Sep 1;75(4):719-27. Epub 2007 Jun 6. The effects were abolished by K (v) channel inhibition with 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mM). |
82(1,1,1,2) | Details |
| 10873555 | Bertaso F, Hendry BM, Donohoe P, James AF: Alterations in outward K (+) currents on removal of external Ca (2+) in human atrial myocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Jun 24;273(1):10-6. The K (+) channel blocker, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mM), inhibited I (to1) by approximately 76% and reduced I (so) by approximately 33%. |
32(0,1,1,2) | Details |
| 18258659 | Hayes JA, Mendenhall JL, Brush BR, Del Negro CA: 4-Aminopyridine-sensitive outward currents in preBotzinger complex neurons influence respiratory rhythm generation in neonatal mice. J Physiol. 2008 Apr 1;586(7):1921-36. Epub 2008 Feb 7. In whole-cell and somatic outside-out patches I (A) activated at -60 mV (half-activation voltage measured -16.3 mV) and only fully inactivated above -40 mV (half-inactivation voltage measured -85.6 mV), indicating that I (A) can influence membrane trajectory at baseline voltages during respiratory rhythm generation in vitro. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mm) attenuated I (A) in both whole-cell and somatic outside-out patches. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18957813 | Galvez-Prieto B, Dubrovska G, Cano MV, Delgado M, Aranguez I, Gonzalez MC, Ruiz-Gayo M, Gollasch M, Fernandez-Alfonso MS: A reduction in the amount and anti-contractile effect of periadventitial mesenteric adipose tissue precedes hypertension development in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertens Res. 2008 Jul;31(7):1415-23. Contractile responses to (10 (-9) to 10 (-5) mol/L) were significantly higher in SHR compared to WKY. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mmol/L), a blocker of Kv channels, induced a similar increase in perfusion pressure in both strains. |
7(0,0,1,2) | Details |
| 11093945 | Zhang Y, Miller DV, Paterson WG: Opposing roles of K (+) and Cl (-) channels in maintenance of opossum lower esophageal sphincter tone. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2000 Dec;279(6):G1226-34. The K (+) channel blockers tetraethylammonium (TEA, 2 mM), charybdotoxin (100 nM), and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mM) enhanced resting tone, whereas apamin and glibenclamide were without affect. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 17532582 | Collins A, Larson MK, Pfaff JE, Ishmael JE: Survival of Swiss-Webster mouse cerebellar granule neurons is promoted by a combination of potassium channel blockers. Toxicol Lett. 2007 Jun 15;171(1-2):60-8. Epub 2007 Apr 24. Potassium channel blockers, 2 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), 2 mM tetraethylammonium (TEA) or 1 mM Ba (2+), individually afforded limited protection in 5.6 mM K (+). |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 12751897 | Kucukhuseyin C, Oncel H, Silan C: On the mechanisms of post-rest adaptation in the isolated electrically driven left atria of rats. J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2002;13(4):263-88. We studied the role of the resting period (1, 2, 4, 8, 16 min; n = 6-7), external Ca2+ (0.2, 0.4, 0.6 g/l; n + 5-6), stimulation frequency (1, 2, 3 Hz; n = 6), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 2 mM; n = 5); (1 mM; n = 6), ouabain (5 microM; n = 6), and (1 microM; n = 6) on post-rest adaptation in the isolated left atria of rats driven electrically by a 2x threshold intensity for 2 ms. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 10992005 | Brandsgaard R, Barrett JE, Rosenzweig-Lipson S: Pharmacological characterization of the discriminative stimulus effects of the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine in rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2000 Oct;295(1):382-91. The discriminative stimulus (DS) effects of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) were evaluated in 36 male Sprague-Dawley rats that were trained to discriminate 4-AP from saline in a standard two-lever food reinforced drug discrimination procedure. 4-AP along with its structural analogs 3-aminopyridine (3-AP), 2-aminopyridine (2-AP), and 2,3-diaminopyridine (2,3-DIAP) produced dose-dependent increases in the percentage of responses on the 4-AP-associated lever with full substitution at one or more doses. 2,6-Diaminopyridine (2, 6-DIAP) and 3,4-diaminopyridine (3,4-DIAP) produced dose-dependent increases in the percentage of responses on the 4-AP-associated lever but only partially substituted for 4-AP. |
6(0,0,1,1) | Details |
| 16601235 | Galvez B, de Castro J, Herold D, Dubrovska G, Arribas S, Gonzalez MC, Aranguez I, Luft FC, Ramos MP, Gollasch M, Fernandez Alfonso MS: Perivascular adipose tissue and mesenteric vascular function in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 Jun;26(6):1297-302. Epub 2006 Apr 6. The Kv channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 2 mmol/L) increased perfusion pressure less in SHR MB than WKY and was directly correlated with the mesenteric fat amount. In isolated mesenteric artery rings, 4-AP (2 mmol/L) induced a contractile effect that was attenuated in SHR compared with WKY. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10966483 | Donohoe P, Hendry BM, Walgama OV, Bertaso F, Hopster DJ, Shattock MJ, James AF: An altered repolarizing current in rat cardiac myocytes after subtotal nephrectomy. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000 Sep;11(9):1589-99. The action potential duration (APD (50)) at the left ventricular base was approximately 20% shorter (P: < 0.02) in hearts from SNx rats compared with controls. 4-AP (2 mM) prolonged the APD (50) in all regions in hearts from both SNx and control rats and abolished the APD (50) shortening in SNx. Repolarizing K (+) currents were measured using whole-cell patch-clamp, and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP)-sensitive transient outward (I (to)) and 4-AP-insensitive sustained outward (I (so)) components were quantified. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 16643405 | Wang Y, Cheng J, Tandan S, Jiang M, McCloskey DT, Hill JA: Transient-outward K+ channel inhibition facilitates L-type Ca2+ current in heart. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2006 Mar;17(3):298-304. Here, we investigated the effects of I (to) channel blockers, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) and heteropodatoxin-2 (HpTx2), on I (Ca) in cardiac ventricular myocytes. In mouse ventricular myocytes, 4-AP (2 mM) significantly facilitated I (Ca) by increasing current amplitude and slowing inactivation. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15546779 | Sitges M, Nekrassov V: Vinpocetine prevents 4-aminopyridine-induced changes in the EEG, the auditory brainstem responses and hearing. Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Dec;115(12):2711-7. METHODS: EEG and ABR recordings before and at specific times within 2h after the injection of 4-AP (2 mg/kg, i.p.) were taken in animals pre-injected i.p. with vehicle or with vinpocetine (2 mg/kg) 1 h before 4-AP. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |