Protein Information

Name thyroid peroxidase
Synonyms MSA; TPO; TPO protein; TPX; Thyroid microsomal antigen; Thyroid peroxidase; Thyroid peroxidase isoform d variant; Thyroid peroxidase precursor…

Compound Information

Name amitrole
CAS

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
3107850 Krauss RS, Eling TE: Macromolecular binding of the thyroid carcinogen 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (amitrole) catalyzed by prostaglandin H synthase, lactoperoxidase and thyroid peroxidase. Carcinogenesis. 1987 May;8(5):659-64.
275(3,4,4,5) Details
2519707 Doerge DR, Niemczura WP: Suicide inactivation of lactoperoxidase by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole. Chem Res Toxicol. 1989 Mar-Apr;2(2):100-3.

The similarities between lactoperoxidase and thyroid peroxidase suggest a similar mechanism for inhibition of thyroid hormone synthesis by amitrole.
81(1,1,1,1) Details
18227016 Pan HM, Zhang LS, Wu DS: [Effects of amitrole on thyroid hormone-associated gene transcription in FRTL-5 cells]. Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao. 2008 Jan;28(1):12-5.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of amitrole on the transcription of thyroglobulin (tg), thyroid peroxidase (tpo), Na (+)/I- symporter (nis), Na (+)/I- symporter (nis), thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (tshr), thyroid transcription factor 1 (ttf-1) and paired-domain protein-8 (pax-8) genes in FRTL-5 cells and investigate the mechanism of amitrole for intervening in thyroid hormone activity.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
9681970 Hurley PM: Mode of carcinogenic action of pesticides inducing thyroid follicular cell tumors in rodents. Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Aug;106(8):437-45.

Intrathyroidal and extrathyroidal sites of action are found: amitrole, ethylene thiourea, and mancozeb are thyroid peroxidase inhibitors; and acetochlor, clofentezine, fenbuconazole, fipronil, pendimethalin, pentachloronitrobenzene, prodiamine, pyrimethanil, and thiazopyr seem to enhance the hepatic metabolism and excretion of thyroid hormone.
31(0,1,1,1) Details
17651757 Roman GC: Autism: transient in utero hypothyroxinemia related to maternal flavonoid ingestion during pregnancy and to other environmental antithyroid agents. J Neurol Sci. 2007 Nov 15;262(1-2):15-26. Epub 2007 Jul 24.

Genistein and daidzein from soy (Glycine max) inhibit thyroperoxidase that catalyzes iodination and thyroid hormone biosynthesis.
Environmental contaminants interfere with thyroid function including 60% of all herbicides, in particular 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), acetochlor, aminotriazole, amitrole, bromoxynil, pendamethalin, mancozeb, and thioureas.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
2445818 Champion BR, Rayner DC, Byfield PG, Page KR, Chan CT, Roitt IM: Critical role of iodination for T cell recognition of thyroglobulin in experimental murine thyroid autoimmunity. J Immunol. 1987 Dec 1;139(11):3665-70.


We have used two clonotypically distinct thyroglobulin (Tg)-specific, I-Ak restricted monoclonal T cell populations to investigate the role of thyroid peroxidase-catalyzed iodination in Tg recognition by autoreactive T cells.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
869941 Gonzalez-Lama Z, Feinstein RN: Thyroid peroxidase of the pig, dog, rat, and mouse. Biochem Med. 1977 Jun;17(3):292-9.

1(0,0,0,1) Details
15947960 Noda S, Muroi T, Takakura S, Sakamoto S, Takatsuki M, Yamasaki K, Tateyama S, Yamaguchi R: Ability of the Hershberger assay protocol to detect thyroid function modulators. Arch Toxicol. 2005 Nov;79(11):627-35. Epub 2005 Jun 10.


In experiment 1, castrated male BrlHan WIST@Jcl (GALAS) rats were administered a potent thyroid peroxidase inhibitor, 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), in doses of 0, 40, 200, and 1,000 mg/kg/day with gravimetric endpoint, and in experiment 2, castrated and intact male rats were administered in doses of 0, 40, and 200 mg/kg/day, with quantification of the extent of hypertrophy of the thyroid epithelium, to assess the effects of castration, by gavage to 8-week-old for 10 consecutive days.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
16297522 Freyberger A, Ahr HJ: Studies on the goitrogenic mechanism of action of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylthiourea. Toxicology. 2006 Jan 16;217(2-3):169-75. Epub 2005 Nov 16.


As thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and type I iodothyronine deiodinase (ID-I) have been established as targets of goitrogenic thiourea derivatives, we investigated interactions of TMTU with target enzymes using a partially purified fraction from hog thyroids or solubilized hog thyroid microsomes and 10,000g supernatant from rat liver homogenate, respectively, as enzyme sources.
1(0,0,0,1) Details