| Name | glutamate receptor |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | GRINL1A; GUP1; GUP2; GRINL1A combined protein; GRINL1A combined protein Gcom10; GRINL1A combined protein Gcom10 precursor; GRINL1A combined protein Gcom11; GRINL1A combined protein Gcom11 precursor… |
| Name | 4-aminopyridine |
|---|---|
| CAS | 4-pyridinamine |
| PubMed | Abstract | RScore(About this table) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 11102477 | Ango F, Pin JP, Tu JC, Xiao B, Worley PF, Bockaert J, Fagni L: Dendritic and axonal targeting of type 5 metabotropic glutamate receptor is regulated by homer1 proteins and neuronal excitation. J Neurosci. 2000 Dec 1;20(23):8710-6. Depolarization of the neurons with a mixture of ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists, and kainate, or potassium channel blockers, tetraethylammonium and 4-aminopyridine, induced transient expression of endogenous Homer1a and persistent neuritic localization of transfected mGluR5 even long after degradation of Homer1a. |
83(1,1,1,3) | Details |
| 15094514 | Reddy DS: Anticonvulsant activity of the -derived neurosteroid 3alpha- Neuroreport. 2004 Mar 1;15(3):515-8. However, 3alpha- was inactive against seizures induced by glutamate receptor agonists kainic acid, and 4-aminopyridine. |
81(1,1,1,1) | Details |
| 11773238 | Hirasawa H, Shiells R, Yamada M: A metabotropic glutamate receptor regulates transmitter release from cone presynaptic terminals in carp retinal slices. J Gen Physiol. 2002 Jan;119(1):55-68. During L-APB application, recovery of sEPSC rate occurred with 500 microM (s)-2-methyl-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (MAP4), a selective antagonist of group III mGluR, and with 200 microM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), a blocker of voltage-dependent channels. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15716411 | Xu J, Kang N, Jiang L, Nedergaard M, Kang J: Activity-dependent long-term potentiation of intrinsic excitability in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. J Neurosci. 2005 Feb 16;25(7):1750-60. The results suggest that induction of LTP-IE shares a similar signaling pathway with the late phase of synaptic LTP and requires activation of the glutamate receptor subtype, Ca2+ influx, activity of CaM kinase II, and function of the protein synthesis. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 18538357 | Salah A, Perkins KL: Effects of subtype-selective group I mGluR antagonists on synchronous activity induced by 4-aminopyridine/CGP 55845 in adult guinea pig hippocampal slices. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Jul;55(1):47-54. Epub 2008 Apr 23. Here we tested the effects of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) subtype-selective antagonists LY 367385 (mGlu1, 100 microM), MPEP (mGlu5, 10 microM), and MTEP (mGlu5, 500 nM) on this synchronous activity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12364493 | Lee AC, Wong RK, Chuang SC, Shin HS, Bianchi R: Role of synaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors in epileptiform discharges in hippocampal slices. J Neurophysiol. 2002 Oct;88(4):1625-33. Application of group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonists elicits seizure discharges in vivo and prolonged ictal-like activity in in vitro brain slices. Addition of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 100 microM) prolonged these bursts to 0.7-2 s. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15979855 | Thuault SJ, Brown JT, Calver AR, Collingridge GL, Randall A, Davies CH: Mechanisms contributing to the exacerbated epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices expressing a C-terminal truncated (B2) receptor subunit. Epilepsy Res. 2005 Jun;65(1-2):41-51. Furthermore, synchronous (A) receptor-mediated potentials recorded in the presence of the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 100muM) and the ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists NBQX (20muM) and D-AP5 (50muM) were significantly prolonged in duration in DeltaGB2-Ct versus WT slices. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 12576146 | Szakacs R, Weiczner R, Mihaly A, Krisztin-Peva B, Zador Z, Zador E: Non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists moderate seizure-induced c-fos expression in the rat cerebral cortex. Brain Res Bull. 2003 Feb 15;59(6):485-93. We examined the effects of non-competitive glutamate receptor antagonists on seizures elicited by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and in particular, on the expression of the transcription factor c-fos induced by these seizures. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 18394864 | Zhu L, Polley N, Mathews GC, Delpire E: NKCC1 and KCC2 prevent hyperexcitability in the mouse hippocampus. . Epilepsy Res. 2008 May;79(2-3):201-12. Epub 2008 Apr 3. Furthermore, the pro-convulsant agent 4-aminopyridine induces seizure-like events in NKCC1-null mice but not in wild-type mice. This increase in the Cl (-) concentration is network-driven and activity-dependent, as it is blocked by the non- glutamate receptor antagonist DNQX. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 12950453 | Craig TJ, Evans GJ, Morgan A: Physiological regulation of Munc18/nSec1 phosphorylation on serine-313. J Neurochem. 2003 Sep;86(6):1450-7. Furthermore, Ser-313 is rapidly and transiently phosphorylated in intact synaptosomes in response to depolarization by KCl treatment or by 4-aminopyridine, and by the metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist dihydroxyphenylglycine. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 12213259 | Wong JY, Ross SA, McColl C, Massalas JS, Powney E, Finkelstein DI, Clark M, Horne MK, Berkovic SF, Drago J: Proconvulsant-induced seizures in alpha (4) nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit knockout mice. Neuropharmacology. 2002 Jul;43(1):55-64. We investigated the response of alpha (4) nAChR subunit knockout mice to the (GABA) receptor antagonists; pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and bicuculline (BIC), the glutamate receptor agonist kainic acid (KA), the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine and the K (+) channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 17027043 | Garduno-Torres B, Trevino M, Gutierrez R, Arias-Montano JA: Pre-synaptic histamine H3 receptors regulate but not release in rat thalamus. Neuropharmacology. 2007 Feb;52(2):527-35. Epub 2006 Oct 5. H (3) R activation reduced by 38+/-7% the glutamate receptor-mediated field potentials (FPs), but increased the FP2/FP1 ratio (from 0.86+/-0.03 to 1.38+/-0.05) in a paired-pulse paradigm. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10591401 | Saransaari P, Oja SS: release is enhanced in cell-damaging conditions in cultured cerebral cortical astrocytes. Neurochem Res. 1999 Dec;24(12):1523-9. Astrocytic release was enhanced by K+ (50 mM), veratridine (0.1 mM) and the ionotropic glutamate receptor agonist kainate (1.0 mM). |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10668433 | Obrenovitch TP: High extracellular and neuronal death in neurological disorders. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;890:273-86. In models of neurological disorders, increased extracellular and beneficial effects produced by glutamate-receptor antagonists are consistently taken as supporting evidence of excitotoxicity. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11026447 | Dzhala V, Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R: Seizures accelerate anoxia-induced neuronal death in the neonatal rat hippocampus. Ann Neurol. 2000 Oct;48(4):632-40. Aggravation of electrographic seizure activity during anoxic episodes by the adenosine A1 receptor antagonists DPCPX and or the -A receptor antagonist bicuculline or pretreatment with 4-aminopyridine accelerated AD and associated neuronal death by up to twofold, whereas blockade of seizure activity by the glutamate receptor antagonists or tetrodotoxin significantly delayed the onset of AD. |
31(0,1,1,1) | Details |
| 10658620 | Kearney JA, Albin RL: Intrasubthalamic nucleus metabotropic glutamate receptor activation: a behavioral, Fos immunohistochemical and [14C] 2-deoxyglucose autoradiographic study. Neuroscience. 2000;95(2):409-16. |
10(0,0,0,10) | Details |
| 15537816 | Skov J, Nedergaard S, Andreasen M: New type of synaptically mediated epileptiform activity independent of known and GABA receptors. J Neurophysiol. 2005 Apr;93(4):1845-56. Epub 2004 Nov 10. The effect of Cs+ was partly mimicked by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 2 mM), suggesting that an increase in transmitter release is involved. The group I metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist (RS)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine attenuated the Cs-FP. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11983316 | Yang L, Benardo LS: Laminar properties of 4-aminopyridine-induced synchronous network activities in rat neocortex. Neuroscience. 2002;111(2):303-13. Ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonists blocked the 4-AP-induced synchronous activities in middle and deep layer slices, but those in superficial slices persisted. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11430896 | Yang Q, Michelson HB: Gap junctions synchronize the firing of inhibitory interneurons in guinea pig hippocampus. Brain Res. 2001 Jul 13;907(1-2):139-43. The convulsant 4-aminopyridine (4AP) facilitates the synchronous firing of interneurons in the hippocampus, eliciting giant inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) in CA3 pyramidal cells. Carbenoxolone abolished all synchronized IPSPs in CA3 cells elicited by 4AP in the presence of ionotropic glutamate receptor blockers. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 15880762 | Rzeski W, Kocki T, Dybel A, Wejksza K, Zdzisinska B, Kandefer-Szerszen M, Turski WA, Okuno E, Albrecht J: Demonstration of aminotransferases I and II and characterization of synthesis in cultured cerebral cortical neurons. J Neurosci Res. 2005 Jun 1;80(5):677-82. Neuronal, but not astrocytic, KYNA synthesis was lowered approximately 30% by ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists [(R,S)-3--5-methoxyloxasole-4- (AMPA; 100 microM) and 100 microM)] and depolarizing agents [KCl (50 mM) and 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 10 microM)]. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 12629172 | Gebremedhin D, Yamaura K, Zhang C, Bylund J, Koehler RC, Harder DR: Metabotropic glutamate receptor activation enhances the activities of two types of Ca2+-activated k+ channels in rat hippocampal astrocytes. J Neurosci. 2003 Mar 1;23(5):1678-87. The influence of activation of glutamate receptor (GluR) on outward K (+) current in cultured neonate rat hippocampal astrocytes was investigated. Patch-clamp analysis of K (+) channel currents in cultured astrocytes identified the existence of 71 +/- 6 and 161 +/- 11 pS single-channel K (+) currents that were sensitive to changes in voltage and [Ca (2+)](i) and blocked by external TEA but not by charybdotoxin, iberiotoxin, apamin, or 4-aminopyridine. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 17402970 | Wang M, Bianchi R, Chuang SC, Zhao W, Wong RK: Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent TRPC channel trafficking in hippocampal neurons. J Neurochem. 2007 Apr;101(2):411-21. Translocation of TRPC4 and TRPC5 was also prevented in slices from phospholipase C (PLC) beta1 knockout mice, even when synchronized discharges were elicited by the convulsant 4-aminopyridine. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 19693274 | Fu Y, Sun W, Shi Y, Shi R, Cheng JX: excitotoxicity inflicts paranodal myelin splitting and retraction. PLoS One. 2009 Aug 20;4(8):e6705. The use of 4-aminopyridine, a broad-spectrum K+ channel blocker, effectively recovered both the amplitude and width of compound action potentials. Examinations of glutamate receptor agonists and antagonists further showed that the paranodal myelin damage was mediated by and kainate receptors. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11113304 | Pena F, Tapia R: Seizures and neurodegeneration induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampus in vivo: role of - and -mediated neurotransmission and of ion channels. Neuroscience. 2000;101(3):547-61. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11731544 | Martin ED, Araque A, Buno W: Synaptic regulation of the slow Ca2+-activated K+ current in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons: implication in epileptogenesis. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Dec;86(6):2878-86. Because synaptic transmission is enhanced during epilepsy, we investigated the synaptically mediated regulation of the sI (AHP) and its control of neuronal excitability during epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine (4AP) or 4AP+Mg2+-free treatment in rat hippocampal slices. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 19154779 | Borbely S, Dobo E, Czege D, Molnar E, Bakos M, Szucs B, Vincze A, Vilagi I, Mihaly A: Modification of ionotropic glutamate receptor-mediated processes in the rat hippocampus following repeated, brief seizures. Neuroscience. 2009 Mar 3;159(1):358-68. Epub 2008 Dec 27. Daily repeated epileptic seizures were induced for 12 days by intraperitoneal administration of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP; 4.5 mg/kg) in adult Wistar rats. |
3(0,0,0,3) | Details |
| 12694926 | Sayin U, Rutecki PA: Group I metabotropic glutamate receptor activation produces prolonged epileptiform neuronal synchronization and alters evoked population responses in the hippocampus. Epilepsy Res. 2003 Mar;53(3):186-95. To test the possibility that a reduction of the first evoked population spike and loss of inhibition of a second evoked population spike generated prolonged ictal discharges, we used 4-aminopyridine (4-AP 50 microM) to enhance synaptic transmission. 4-AP converted ictal discharges produced by to an interictal pattern of synchronous activity, reversed the -induced reduction in the first evoked population spike, and changed paired-pulse facilitation to inhibition. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 11160501 | Cepeda C, Hurst RS, Altemus KL, Flores-Hernandez J, Calvert CR, Jokel ES, Grandy DK, Low MJ, Rubinstein M, Ariano MA, Levine MS: Facilitated glutamatergic transmission in the striatum of D2 receptor-deficient mice. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Feb;85(2):659-70. Bath application of the K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (100 microM) and bicuculline methiodide (10 microM, to block synaptic activity due to activation of (A) receptors) markedly increased spontaneous synaptic activity in receptor-deficient mutants and WTs. In voltage-clamp recordings, there was an increase in frequency of spontaneous glutamate receptor-mediated inward currents without a change in mean amplitude in D2 receptor-deficient mutants. |
2(0,0,0,2) | Details |
| 19445932 | Vilagi I, Dobo E, Borbely S, Czege D, Molnar E, Mihaly A: Repeated 4-aminopyridine induced seizures diminish the efficacy of glutamatergic transmission in the neocortex. Exp Neurol. 2009 Sep;219(1):136-45. Epub 2009 May 13. The results of our coordinated electrophysiological, receptor-pharmacological and histoblot studies demonstrated that repeated, daily, short convulsions resulted in a significant decrease of the general excitability of the somatosensory cortex together with changes in ionotropic glutamate receptor subunits. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 17822807 | Oleskovicz SP, Martins WC, Leal RB, Tasca CI: Mechanism of -induced neuroprotection in rat hippocampal slices submitted to - deprivation. Neurochem Int. 2008 Feb;52(3):411-8. Epub 2007 Aug 1. Nifedipine (a Ca (2+) channel blocker) increased the neuroprotective effect of and 4-aminopyridine, a K (+) channel blocker, reversed the neuroprotective effect of |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11923408 | Araque A, Martin ED, Perea G, Arellano JI, Buno W: Synaptically released evokes Ca2+ elevations in astrocytes in hippocampal slices. J Neurosci. 2002 Apr 1;22(7):2443-50. Both astrocytic responses were abolished by tetrodotoxin or Cd2+ and were increased by 4-aminopyridine, indicating that the responses were attributable to synaptically released neurotransmitter. |
0(0,0,0,0) | Details |
| 11287496 | Inoue T, Lin X, Kohlmeier KA, Orr HT, Zoghbi HY, Ross WN: dynamics and electrophysiological properties of cerebellar Purkinje cells in SCA1 transgenic mice. J Neurophysiol. 2001 Apr;85(4):1750-60. PCs in SCA1 mice had Na (+) spikes, Ca (2+) spikes, climbing fiber (CF) electrical responses, parallel fiber (PF) electrical responses, and metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR)-mediated, PF-evoked Ca (2+) release from intracellular stores that were qualitatively similar to those recorded from WT mice. This delay was increased by hyperpolarizing prepulses and was eliminated by 4-aminopyridine, which suggests that this delay was due to enhancement of the A-like K (+) conductance in the SCA1 PCs. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11739569 | Hu H, Shao LR, Chavoshy S, Gu N, Trieb M, Behrens R, Laake P, Pongs O, Knaus HG, Ottersen OP, Storm JF: Presynaptic Ca2+-activated K+ channels in glutamatergic hippocampal terminals and their role in spike repolarization and regulation of transmitter release. J Neurosci. 2001 Dec 15;21(24):9585-97. Double-labeling immunogold analysis with BK channel and glutamate receptor antibodies indicated that BK channels are targeted to the presynaptic membrane facing the synaptic cleft in terminals of Schaffer collaterals in stratum radiatum. This was observed in the presence of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 40-100 microm), which broadened the presynaptic compound action potential. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 10852214 | Lefebvre C, Fisher K, Cahill CM, Coderre TJ: Evidence that -induced nociception depends on release from primary afferent C-fibres. Neuroreport. 2000 Jun 5;11(8):1631-5. Pretreatment with drugs that have been shown to inhibit release, including a group II metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) agonist (2R,4R)-4-aminopyrrolidine-2,4-dicarboxylate ((2R,4R)-APDC), a group III mGluR agonist L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4), or the use-dependent sodium channel blockers 3,5-diamino-6-(2,3-diclorophenyl)-1,2,4-triazine and 2-amino-6-trifluoromethoxybenzothiazole (riluzole), produced dose-dependent reductions in (RS)--induced SNBs. We have also shown that incubation of rat lumbar spinal cord slices with (RS)- potentiates 4-aminopyridine-evoked (4-AP) release of |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11311981 | Sequeira SM, Malva JO, Carvalho AP, Carvalho CM: Presynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor activation inhibits neurotransmitter release through formation in rat hippocampal nerve terminals. Brain Res Mol Brain Res. 2001 Apr 18;89(1-2):111-8. Thus, we investigated whether ionotropic glutamate receptor activation in isolated nerve terminals regulates neurotransmitter release, through formation. dose-dependently inhibited the release of evoked by 4-aminopyridine (IC (50)=155 microM), and this effect was reversed by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist D-(-)-2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid and by the synthase inhibitor, L-nitroarginine, in synaptosomes isolated from whole hippocampus, CA3 and CA1 areas, but not from the dentate gyrus. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 11872250 | Santangeli S, Sills GJ, Stone TW, Brodie MJ: Differential effects of remacemide and desglycinyl-remacemide on epileptiform burst firing in the rat hippocampal slice. Neurosci Lett. 2002 Mar 15;321(1-2):33-6. Both moieties have been reported to block neuronal Na (+) channels and the subtype of glutamate receptor. The effects of remacemide and DGR on zero Mg (2+)/4-aminopyridine-induced epileptiform discharges were investigated in the rat hippocampal slice preparation and compared with carbamazepine (CBZ), a prototypic Na (+) channel blocker, and AR-R15896AR, a putative channel blocker. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |
| 14770276 | Wejksza K, Rzeski W, Parada-Turska J, Zdzisinska B, Rejdak R, Kocki T, Okuno E, Kandefer-Szerszen M, Zrenner E, Turski WA: production in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2004 Mar;369(3):300-4. Epub 2004 Feb 10. The selective ionotropic glutamate receptor agonists alpha-amino-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-oxo-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and were ineffective in this respect. KYNA production was inhibited by the aminotransferase inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid but was not affected by a depolarising concentration of K (+) or by 4-aminopyridine. |
1(0,0,0,1) | Details |