Protein Information

Name muscles
Synonyms COX 7a M; COX VIIa M; COX7A; COX7A1; COX7A1 protein; COX7AH; COX7AM; Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7a H…

Compound Information

Name cyanamide
CAS cyanamide

Reference List

PubMed Abstract RScore(About this table)
12198016 Niemela O, Parkkila S, Koll M, Preedy VR: Generation of protein adducts with malondialdehyde and acetaldehyde in muscles with predominantly type I or type II fibers in rats exposed to ethanol and the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor cyanamide. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Sep;76(3):668-74.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
16131499 Patel VB, Worrall S, Emery PW, Preedy VR: Protein adduct species in muscle and liver of rats following acute ethanol administration. Alcohol Alcohol. 2005 Nov-Dec;40(6):485-93. Epub 2005 Aug 30.

These were used to assay different adduct species in soleus (type I fibre-predominant) and plantaris (type II fibre-predominant) muscles and liver in four groups of rats administered acutely with either [A] saline (control); [B] cyanamide (an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor); [C] ethanol; [D] cyanamide+ethanol.
32(0,1,1,2) Details
1449559 Preedy VR, Keating JW, Peters TJ: The acute effects of ethanol and acetaldehyde on rates of protein synthesis in type I and type II fibre-rich skeletal muscles of the rat. Alcohol Alcohol. 1992 May;27(3):241-51.

Young rats were injected with either ethanol (75 mmol/kg), acetaldehyde (2.8 mmol/kg) or isovolumetric amounts of NaCl (0.15 mol/l, i.e. controls) with or without inhibitors of alcohol dehydrogenase (4-methylpyrazole) or aldehyde dehydrogenase (cyanamide).
After 2.5 hr, fractional rates of protein synthesis (i.e. ks) in the soleus (Type I fibre-rich) and plantaris (Type II fibre-rich) muscles were measured.
2(0,0,0,2) Details
16784954 Nakahara T, Hunter R, Hirano M, Uchimura H, McArdle A, Broome CS, Koll M, Martin CR, Preedy VR: Alcohol alters skeletal muscle heat shock protein gene expression in rats: these effects are moderated by sex, raised endogenous acetaldehyde, and starvation. Metabolism. 2006 Jul;55(7):843-51.

To address this, (i) male and female rats were fed alcohol in the long-term (6-7 weeks as 35% of energy in a liquid diet) and compared to controls fed the same diet with isoenergetic glucose; (ii) male rats given an immediate bolus (75 mmol ethanol per kilogram body weight intraperitoneally) 2.5 hours before sacrifice and compared to controls given a dose of saline (with or without pretreatment with cyanamide-an acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor which raises endogenous acetaldehyde); (iii) male rats starved for 1 or 2 days then immediately dosed with alcohol.
Protein levels of HSP 27, HSP 60, and HSP 70 were measured in muscles of male rats fed alcohol and pair-fed control rats by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting in study I.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11782879 Koll M, Ahmed S, Mantle D, Donohue TM, Palmer TN, Simanowski UA, Seltz HK, Peters TJ, Preedy VR: Effect of acute and chronic alcohol treatment and their superimposition on lysosomal, cytoplasmic, and proteosomal protease activities in rat skeletal muscle in vivo. Metabolism. 2002 Jan;51(1):97-104.

We hypothesized that altered protease activities contribute to this phenomenon, and that differential effects on protease activities may occur when: (1) rats at different stages in their development are administered alcohol in vivo; (2) acute ethanol treatment is superimposed on chronic alcohol-feeding in vivo; and (3) muscles are exposed to alcohol and acetaldehyde in vivo and in vitro.
Other studies included administration of cyanamide (aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor) in vivo or addition of alcohol and acetaldehyde to muscle preparations in vitro.
1(0,0,0,1) Details
11337982 Adachi J, Asano M, Ueno Y, Marway JS, Camilleri PM, Peters TJ, Preedy VR: Acute effect of ethanol on 7-hydroperoxycholesterol in muscle and liver. . Lipids. 2001 Mar;36(3):267-71.

We tested the hypotheses that ethanol sensitivities of muscle and liver can be discerned in the initial periods of ethanol exposure, especially when acetaldehyde levels are markedly raised with cyanamide, an aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor.
This is the first report of a differential response of 7 alpha-OOH and 7 beta-OOH in Type II, compared to Type I predominant muscles, and the first time that muscle has been shown to be more sensitive than the liver in terms of its lipid marker response to oxidative stress.
1(0,0,0,1) Details